scholarly journals The Dagestani Thinker Hasan Alqadari

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
I. R. Nasyrov
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Ethical Thought ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Social Views

The author of this article shortly describes the philosophical aspects of the thought of Hasan Alqadari. A Lezghian Sunni Muslim scholar Hasan Alqadari (1834–1910) is widely regarded as one of the prominent and impressive jurist and historian in Imperial Russia’s Caucasian Dagestan region. Contemporary Islamic scholars present him as Shafi‘i jurist, historian, teacher and enlightener. This article sets out to reconsider Hasan Alqadari’s legacy and to study his representative writings such as Divan alMamnun and Djirab al- Mamnun that allow rethinking Hasan Alqadari as a Muslim thinker. It demonstrates that Hasan Alqadari developed ideas on philosophical issues and topics. The article analyzes those ideas of Hasan Alqadari that he considered the most important for Muslim community. It examines his philosophical and social views and ethical thought. The author outlines specific directions for future research on Hasan Alqadari’s legacy.

scholarly journals اقبال اور اجماع

2017 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Waseem Anjum
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Ijma’ means consensus in Islamic law, the universal and infallible agreement of either the Muslim community as a whole or Muslim scholars in particular. Iqbal—a great Urdu and Persian poet and Muslim scholar—urges the need of Ijma’ in Islamic jurisprudence, uṣūl al-fiqh. In this research paper, the scholar has given a detailed illustration on the importance of Ijma’, its usefulness, technical problems and definition in the light of the thoughts of Allama Iqbal.

Naturalism in Ethics and Hegel's Distinction between Subjective and Objective Spirit

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Dean Moyar
Keyword(s):  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Naturalistic Inquiry ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Ethical Thought ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Central Claim

It is widely acknowledged that Hegel's ethical thought moves in a naturalistic direction away from the pure practical reason of Kant's moral philosophy. But the exact character of that naturalistic turn has proven elusive, in part because Hegel so insistently foregrounds the theme of freedom. He often opposes self-determination through freedom to being determined merely by nature, and while Hegel's incorporation of the natural into his theory of freedom has been emphasised by many recent commentators, there remains a fundamental lack of consensus about how nature and freedom intersect in Hegel's ethics. My goal is to shed light on this issue by examining Hegel's distinction between Subjective Spirit and Objective Spirit. This distinction between two domains of inquiry and two perspectives on human action is fundamental for understanding his views about the natural and the normative in ethics. My central claim is that by advocating a division of labor between these domains, and by showing how they are integrated, Hegel is able to capture the best elements of naturalistic inquiry into human psychology and to preserve the distinctive character of the ethical domain. This paper aims to open an avenue for future research into Hegel's naturalism and to demonstrate Hegel's relevance for contemporary debates. In focusing on the difference between Subjective Spirit and Objective Spirit, I am already taking on a large topic for a single essay, and there are many related issues in Hegel that will necessarily go untouched. Some of these are worth mentioning up front. First, one would expect a paper about Hegel's naturalism to explore Hegel's view on nature in general, namely, the content of the Philosophy of Nature which forms the middle part of the Encyclopaedia. Without an account of how Hegel conceives of nature, it seems that we have to assume a conception of nature foreign to his system, and using that to measure his views would seem to violate a number of hermeneutical strictures. While I admit that this is a problem, it is simply beyond the scope of this paper, and I hope that using an intuitive account of the natural, and Hegel's claims about human nature, is enough at least to get this project going. The project itself can then provide a further spur to examining Hegel's views on non-human nature.

scholarly journals Individual differences in ethics positions: The EPQ-5

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251989
Author(s):  
Ernest H. O’Boyle ◽  
Donelson R. Forsyth
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Ethical Thought ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Core Components ◽  
The Relationship

We revised the Ethics Position Questionnaire (EPQ), which measures variations in sensitivity to harm (idealism) and to moral standards (relativism). Study 1 identified the core components of the measured constructs theoretically and verified those features through confirmatory factor analysis (n = 2,778). Study 2 replicated these findings (n = 10,707), contrasted the theoretically defined two-factor model to alternative models, and tested for invariance of factor covariances and mean structures for men and women. Study 3 examined the relationship between the EPQ and related indicators of ethical thought (values and moral foundations) and the theory’s four-fold classification typology of exceptionists, subjectivists, absolutists, and situationists. The three studies substantially reduced the original EPQ’s length, clarified the conceptual interpretation of the idealism and relativism scales, affirmed the EPQ’s predictive and convergent validity, and supported the four-fold classification of individuals into ethics positions. Implications for previous findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TAFSÎR AL-MANÂR TERHADAP TAFSIR AL-AZHAR

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Manan Syafi’i
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Services

<p>Abstrak: Tafsir al-Azhar adalah sebuah masterpiece dan merupakan manifestasi corak pemikiran serta aspirasi HAMKA sebagai seorang ulama dan sastrawan terkemuka. Karya ini sarat dengan berbagai pesan pembaharuan dan ide-ide kritis yang menggugah pembaca supaya bangkit memperbaiki kondisi umat Islam baik dalam aspek keagamaan, pendidikan, sosial, ekonomi maupun politik. Dalam kajian ini penulis berusaha melihat pengaruh Muhammad ‘Abduh terhadap HAMKA dalam perumusan tafsirnya. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian perpustakaan terhadap Tafsir al-Azhar serta karya-karya tafsir Muhammad ‘Abduh, disamping rujukan-rujukan penting lainnya. Hasil kajian antara lain menemukan bahwa Tafsir al-Azhar mempunyai hubungan yang sangat erat dengan gerakan pembaharuan tafsir yang dipelopori oleh Syaikh Muhammad ‘Abduh. Banyak gagasan pembaharuan ‘Abduh yang diadopsi HAMKA. Penulisan Tafsir al-Azhar sendiri mempunyai hubungan yang sangat signifikan dengan ketokohan serta jasa yang telah ditinggalkan oleh ‘Abduh.</p><p><br />Abstract: The Influence of Tafsir al-Manâr on Tafsir al-Azhar. Tafsir al- Manâr is a masterpiece that has become a manifestation characterizes HAMKA’s thought and aspiration as a celebrated Muslim scholar and a man of letters. It contains various critical ideas and message of renewals that stimulate the reader to stand still and improve the aspects of religious, education, social, economic and politics of the Muslim community. This study is an attempt to see clearly to what extent the relationship between the commentary of al-Azhar with that of Muhammad ‘Abduh’s. This study is a library research on al-Azhar as well as Muhammad ‘Abduh’s al-Manâr.  The most important outcome of the study is that the interpretation applied in al-Azhar has a very close relationship with that of reform movement exegesis led by Muhammad ‘Abduh. Many an idea of ‘Abduh’s reforms are adopted by HAMKA. The writing of the al-Azhar itself has a significant connection with the scholarship profile and academic services that have been inherited by ‘Abduh.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: Tafsîr al-Manâr, Tafsir al-Azhar, HAMKA, Muhammad ‘Abduh</p>

Shah Wali Allah (Qutb al-Din Ahmad al-Rahim) (1703–62)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz A. Ghaffar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Sacred Scripture ◽  
Complete Translation

Shah Wali Allah of Delhi, the greatest Muslim scholar of eighteenth-century India, made an immense contribution to the intellectual, economic, social, political and religious life of the Muslim community in India, the effects of which persist to the present day. He lived during a time when the Muslim empire was losing ground on the Indian subcontinent, with the Muslim community divided and at odds. Seeking to give theological and metaphysical issues a new rational interpretation and labouring to harmonize reason and revelation, he tried to reconcile the various factions of the Indian Muslims, thereby protecting the empire from collapse. Shah Wali Allah contended that the root cause of the downfall of the Indian Muslims was their ignorance of the sacred scripture of Islam. He initiated a movement with the theme ‘Back to the Qur’an’, and translated the Qur’an into Persian to facilitate its understanding among all the Muslims of India. It is believed to be the first complete translation of the Qur’an from the Arabic by an Indian Muslim scholar.

Jihad and the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community: Nonviolent Efforts to Promote Islam in the Contemporary World

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
The South ◽  
New Era ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Military Action ◽  
Contemporary World

The Ahmadiyya Muslim community emphasizes the nonviolent aspects of jihad or religious "effort." Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835––1908), the South Asian Muslim scholar who founded the movement, argued that the Quran only authorized jihad as defensive military action in certain contexts and otherwise encouraged peaceful initiatives in support of Islam. Ghulam Ahmad also claimed, as the spiritual manifestation of the Messiah and Mahdi, to usher in a new era in which nonviolent activities alone defined jihad. These arguments have not persuaded most Muslims, but the Ahmadiyya Muslim community continues to stress jihad of the pen, that is, efforts to promote and defend Islam in various media. Many take up the pen, but few are granted the spirit to conduct the jihad in the most acceptable manner . . . It is the Jamaat Ahmadiyya only which has not stopped this great struggle . . . It has become the only vehicle to usher in the revival of Islam through its peaceful, yet determined intellectual process which was initiated a century ago by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi in Islam.¹¹

scholarly journals The Prospect of Human in the Exegetical Work: a Study of Buya Hamka’s Tafsir al-Azhar

ULUMUNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-47
Author(s):  
Ade Jamarudin ◽  
Asmal May ◽  
Ofa Ch. Pudin
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Community ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
Strong Belief ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
Good And Evil

This paper elucidates Buya Hamka’s views on the prospect of humans on the earth while facing persistent challenges in their lives. This study is based on library research that focuses on Hamka’s work Tasfir al-Azhar. Tasfir al-Azhar represents a modern Quranic exegetical work written by a modern Indonesian Muslim scholar. This paper argues that in Hamka’s view, humans’ acts are created by their own since God has bestowed them as a perfect creature. With their sense, humans can weigh and distinguish between good and evil and between right and wrong. To Hamka, people are free to determine their own life. The perfect human is those who have a strong belief and mind to determine the direction of life. Furthermore, the future of humans depends on their will to move forward and know the consequences of their actions. In the Islamic context, as Hamka maintains, perfect human is reflected in the Muslim community who can maintain brotherhood, uphold equality and keep independence.

Muslim attitude and awareness towards Istihalah

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aadam T. Aris ◽  
Norhaznee M. Nor ◽  
Noor A. Febrianto ◽  
K.V. Harivaindaran ◽  
Tajul A. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Muslim Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Information ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The University ◽  
Malaysian Students

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the attitude and awareness towards Istihalah of Muslim Malaysian students in Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. This study aims to indicate the alertness of Muslim students about Istihalah in their daily life.Design/methodology/approachA total of 450 students from the university were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The self‐administered questionnaire focused on attitude and awareness towards Istihalah and their interest to learn more about Istihalah.FindingsA total of 99.1 percent of respondents agreed that the Muslim community lack of exposure about the Istihalah concept. Male students are more agreeable than female students (100.0 percent vs 98.2 percent). More than 94.7 percent of the respondents believe that Istihalah concept is very important to Muslim consumers. A total of 100.0 percent of the respondents are interested to know more about Istihalah.Research limitations/implicationsThe respondents in this research were Muslim students in Universiti Sains Malaysia. The results of this research are only applicable to the subjected community. Therefore, any generalization of the findings on the whole or other Muslim communities should be avoided.Originality/valueThis paper is the first paper produced to investigate the attitude and awareness towards Istihalah among Muslim students, not only in Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang but also the Muslim community as a whole. This paper will provide new information on the attitude and awareness of students towards Istihalah and the product of Istihalah as there no records on the matter prior to this. It will also be the pioneer to future research on this matter.

Parasite defense mechanisms in bees: behavior, immunity, antimicrobials, and symbionts

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Fowler ◽  
Rebecca E. Irwin ◽  
Lynn S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immune Priming ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
And Function ◽  
Solitary Species

Parasites are linked to the decline of some bee populations; thus, understanding defense mechanisms has important implications for bee health. Recent advances have improved our understanding of factors mediating bee health ranging from molecular to landscape scales, but often as disparate literatures. Here, we bring together these fields and summarize our current understanding of bee defense mechanisms including immunity, immunization, and transgenerational immune priming in social and solitary species. Additionally, the characterization of microbial diversity and function in some bee taxa has shed light on the importance of microbes for bee health, but we lack information that links microbial communities to parasite infection in most bee species. Studies are beginning to identify how bee defense mechanisms are affected by stressors such as poor-quality diets and pesticides, but further research on this topic is needed. We discuss how integrating research on host traits, microbial partners, and nutrition, as well as improving our knowledge base on wild and semi-social bees, will help inform future research, conservation efforts, and management.

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