scholarly journals Recombinant Allergens in Immunotherapy of Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Mohammadi Farsani ◽  
Reza Yaghubi-tabar ◽  
Taiebeh Mohammadi Farsani
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Recombinant Allergen ◽  
Recombinant Allergens ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder caused by T-cell-mediated inflammation within airways. The prevalence of allergic diseases is rapidly increasing so that knowing allergens (characterization and types) and strategies for asthma management, prevention and treatment are very important. The most strategy is the production of recombinant allergens. Many of the problems associated with using natural allergenic products for allergy diagnosis and treatment can be overcome with the use of genetically engineered recombinant allergens. Various recombinant allergens are now emerging as strong candidates for allergen-specific immunotherapy. Extrinsic asthma (a type of asthma) may respond to immunotherapy such as using recombinant allergens. These exciting novel therapies provide not only the promise of new therapies for asthma but also valuable tools for the investigation of asthma mechanisms. This review describes strategies for asthma management, prevention and treatment, and especially recombinant allergens and also recent progresses in the molecular biology of recombinant allergens and then advantage and disadvantage of these allergens are explained. There are many methods for producing allergens such as extraction of serum, Ro/SS-A anti-Ro/SS-A system, Using the Solid-Phase Immunoadsorption system and finally recombinant technology for producing recombinant allergens. Recombinant allergens can express in many systems such as bacteria, yeast, insect cells, animal cells, and transgenic plant. We describe recombinant allergens produced in these systems. The obtained results hold promise that recombinant allergen–based immunotherapy will improve current immunotherapy practice and may open possibilities for new treatment strategies and possibly even for prophylactic vaccination.

scholarly journals Terapi Controller pada Asma

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
Alexander Kam ◽  
Fauzar Fauzar ◽  
Roza Kurniati ◽  
Zulkarnain Arsyad
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Control ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Blood Institute ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
National Heart Lung ◽  
The Right

Asthma, according to the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHBLI) in 2002, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that involves the role of many cells and cellular components. The long-term goals of asthma management are to achieve good symptom control and maintain normal living activities and to minimize the risk of exacerbations, airway obstruction, and side effects. The drugs available for asthma therapy are divided into long-term control or controller medication and rapid-acting or reliever medication based on their pharmacodynamics and clinical effects. Controller is a therapy given to reduce chronic airway inflammation, control symptoms, and reduce the risk of exacerbations and decreased lung function. There are several asthma controller drug options that have their respective advantages and disadvantages. Selection of the right controller will provide good asthma control. Keyword: Ashtma, therapy, controller

Molecular allergodiagnostics capabilities in determining the indications for allergen-specific immunotherapy with house dust mites allergen and its effectiveness in atopic dermatitis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Olga V. Shtyrbul ◽  
Anton S. Dvornikov ◽  
Musa R. Khaitov ◽  
Olga G. Elisyutina ◽  
Elena S. Fedenko
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Recombinant Allergen ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Major Allergens

BACKGROUND:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a widespread chronic inflammatory skin disease, in the development of which complex genetic and immune mechanisms, environmental factors, allergens, are involved. An effective method of treating IgE-mediated allergic diseases is allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT), which affects all pathogenetically significant links of the allergic process. It is known that as a result of ASIT tissue sensitivity to an allergen, nonspecific tissue hyperreactivity and the intensity of allergic inflammation decrease, which testifies to the rearrangement of the cellular response from Th2 to Th1 with a corresponding change in the cytokine profile. Currently, dozens of scientific papers on the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous and sublingual ASIT in AD have been published; however, the question of the advisability of its appointment still remains unresolved. AIM:To investigate the ASIT with house dust mite (HDM) allergens efficacy in AD patients, considering the results of molecular allergy diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study was conducted as a prospective comparative open study, including 32 patients with AD (20 children and 12 adults), 90.6% were diagnosed with concomitant respiratory allergic diseases. Molecular allergodiagnostics was performed using microchip technology with purified natural or recombinant allergen components immobilized in the solid phase (Immuno-Solid phase Allergen Chip, ISAC) to quantify allergen-specific IgE (asIgE) against 112 allergen molecules from 51 allergen sources in one study (ImmunoCAP ISAC (Thermofisher, Phadia, Uppsala, Sweden). Patients were divided into two groups depending on the profile of molecular sensitization: with the presence or absence of asIgE to the major allergens ofD. farinaeand/orD. pteronyssinusDer p 1 (p 2) and/or Der f 1 (f 2). All patients passed three consecutive courses of subcutaneous ASIT with water-salted HDM allergens produced by I.I. Mechnikov Biomed (Russia) under an accelerated scheme for 3 years. To assess the severity of the disease, the SCORAD indices, the Investigators Global Assessment (IGA), and the dermatological quality of life index (DLQI) were used. RESULTS:Patients with sensitization to major allergens ofD. farinaeand/orD. pteronyssinusDer p 1 (f 1) and/or Der p 2 (f 2) more often achieved a significant improvement of AD symptoms according to the SCORAD index (OR 3.929, 95% CI: 0.879; 17.56), as well as they more often achieved IGA values of 1 or 0 after three courses of ASIT (OR 3.556, CI 95% 0.73017.324) and more often assessed the effectiveness of ASIT as excellent and good in comparison with patients without sensitization to these components. The median and interquartile range of the DLQI index before treatment in group 1 was 17 [14; 20] points, in group 2 14 [12; 18], after the 3rdcourse of ASIT: 6 [2; 10] and 8 [3; 10] points in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Adverse events were rare, their frequency did not significantly differ in both groups. CONCLUSION:ASIT with HDM allergens is an effective and safe method of treatment of AD patients. Determination of the molecular spectrum of sensitization to HDM allergens components allows to justify the indications and predict the effectiveness of ASIT.

scholarly journals Redox Imbalance in T Cell-Mediated Skin Diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saveria Pastore ◽  
Liudmila Korkina
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Chemical Oxidants ◽  
Beneficial Outcome

The skin is permanently exposed to physical, chemical, and biological aggression by the environment. In addition, acute and chronic inflammatory events taking place in the skin are accompanied by abnormal release of pro-oxidative mediators. In this paper, we will briefly overview the homeostatic systems active in the skin to maintain the redox balance and also to counteract abnormal oxidative stress. We will concentrate on the evidence that a local and/or systemic redox dysregulation accompanies the chronic inflammatory disorder events associated to psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis. We will also discuss the fact that several well-established treatments for the therapy of chronic inflammatory skin disorders are based on the application of strong physical or chemical oxidants onto the skin, indicating that, in selected conditions, a further increase of the oxidative imbalance may lead to a beneficial outcome.

scholarly journals Rituximab Treatment in a Patient with Kimura Disease and Membranous Nephropathy: Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Roald Vissing-Uhre ◽  
Alastair Hansen ◽  
Susanne Frevert ◽  
Ditte Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Kimura’S Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Kimura Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Eosinophil Granulocytes ◽  
Anti Cd20

Kimura disease (KD) is a chronic, inflammatory disorder with slowly developing subcutaneous tumor-like swellings, often occurring in the head and neck region. KD is diagnosed based on histology, elevated levels of immunoglobulin type E, and increased peripheral eosinophil granulocytes. KD may coexist with glomerular renal diseases, and this case report is based on a patient with KD-associated membranous nephropathy. Patients with membranous nephropathy without KD have demonstrated responsiveness to treatment with monoclonal anti-CD20 antibodies. This case report is the first to investigate the effect of rituximab treatment in a patient with KD-associated membranous nephropathy. A 30-year-old Italian man living in Denmark was diagnosed with Kimura’s disease based on subcutaneous nodules with eosinophil angiolymphoid hyperplasia. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to nephrotic syndrome. Serology showed eosinophil granulocytosis and negative PLA2-receptor antibody. Renal biopsy showed membranous nephropathy, and the patient was treated with systemic methylprednisolone followed by cyclosporin and then cyclophosphamide with only partial remission. Ultimately, treatment with intravenous rituximab was initiated, which resulted in overall remission and no nephrotic relapses at 30 months of follow-up. Thus, intravenous rituximab effectively decreased proteinuria and prevented nephrotic relapses in a patient with treatment-refractory membranous nephropathy due to KD.

scholarly journals Serum-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit osteoclastogenesis in active-phase patients with SAPHO syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2110069
Author(s):  
Yanpan Gao ◽  
Yanyu Chen ◽  
Lun Wang ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Wei Ge
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Sapho Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Amyloid A

Objective: Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder and the underlying pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, 88 SAPHO patients and 118 healthy controls were recruited to investigate the role of serum-derived extracellular vesicles (SEVs) in SAPHO syndrome. Methods: Quantitative proteomics was applied for SEVs proteome identification, and ELISA and Western blotting was performed to verify the results of mass spectrum data. In vitro osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis assay was used to confirm the effects of SEVs on bone metabolism. Results: Tandem mass tagging-based quantitative proteomic analysis of SAPHO SEVs revealed differential expressed proteins involved in bone metabolism. Of these, serum amyloid A-1 (SAA1) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were upregulated. Higher SAA1 levels in SAPHO patients were confirmed by ELISA. In addition, SAA1 levels were positively correlated with CRP, an inflammatory marker related to the condition of patients. In vitro celluler studies confirmed that SAPHO SEVs inhibited osteoclastogenesis in patients mainly in the active phase of the disease. Further analysis demonstrated that Nucleolin was upregulated in osteoclasts of active-phase patients under SAPHO SEVs stimulation. Conclusion: In this study, we identified SAA1 as an additional inflammation marker that can potentially assist the diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome, and speculated that Nucleolin is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis in active-phase patients.

P01-228-Behcet's syndrome comorbid with bipolar disorder: A case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 229-229
Author(s):  
F. Maner ◽  
Ö. Şahmelikoğlu ◽  
Ö. Hısım ◽  
H. Özhan ◽  
H. Sarıahmetoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Behçet’S Syndrome ◽  
Psychomotor Activity ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Behçet's Syndrome ◽  
Behcet’S Syndrome ◽  
Behcet's Syndrome

IntroductionBehcet's Syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by aphthous lesions and recurrent ulceration of the mouth, genitals and uveitis.ObjectivesThe central nervous system is involved in about 20% of cases.AimsOnly few reports deal with affective symptoms associated with Behcet's syndrome.MethodsWe report a case of a 43 year old male with Neuro-Behcet's Syndrome that presents with a psychotic manic attack. He developed Behcet's Syndrome at the age of 23, with recurrent uveitis and aphthous lesions in the mouth, painful ulcers in the genitalia and erythema nodosum. HLA-B 5 was positive.ResultsHe was treated with azothioprine 150 mg/day for 13 years and prednole 100 mg/day during uveitis attacts for a week. At the age of 37 a sudden occurrence of right hemiparesia due to cerebrovascular accidence salicylic acid 100mg/day, siclosporine 150 mg/day, piracetame 1600mg/day were administered. He presented to psychiatry clinic in manic episode with euphoric mood, psychomotor agitation, talkativeness, decreased need for sleep, excessive buying and he had an unrealistical thought that he was a player of a famous soccer team. He was diagnosed as bipolar I disorder, according to DSM-IV. This was the patient's first admission and the symptoms which were continuing for 6 years exaggerated during uveitis attacks.Psychiatric examination releaved that increaced psychomotor activity, hypomaniac affect, amount and affect speed of speech affect, increased associations, grandiose delusions.ConclusionThere are a few reports dealing with bipolar disorder as an entity related to Behcet's syndrome.

Fibreoptic intubation in ankylosing spondylitis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Raghu K C ◽  
◽  
Nagesh R ◽  
Viswash G K ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Difficult Airway ◽  
Fibreoptic Intubation ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Group A

Background: Ankylosing spondylytes is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation in spines and spinal arthritis with a complex polygenic aetiology. The disease is more common in young males and risk factors include both genetic and environmental. Anesthesia management for ankylosing spondylitis is a challenge due to management of difficult airway, respiratory and cardiovascular complications, as well as the medications for disease and pain control. Both airway management and neuraxial access may prove to be difficult. Awake fibreoptic intubation is the safest option (²) in these patients with a potentially difficult airway as it allows continuous neurological monitoring while achieving a difficult airway. Methods: This is a Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study conducted in Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences; Total 70 Patients (Group A – 35, Group A – 35). All the subjects included after informed consent, blood samples and urine samples are collected from the all the subjects. Hb, RBCs, WBCs and Platelets was measured by laboratory standard methods. Along with Chest X- ray and ECG-for patients over 40 years of age. Results: This study was evaluated that in ankylosing spondylitis cases most of the physicians prefer to give general anaesthesia because to prevent trauma to the spinal cord but in these cases spine and surrounding tissues also it will involve at that time for maintain airway to the patient is challenge to the physicians by using fibreoptic intubation is good way to approach and maintain airway to the ankylosing patients. Conclusion: In this study suggest that in ankylosing spondylitis patients during surgery in place of tracheal intubation fibreoptic intubation is the best way to maintain airway to the patients and also we can prevent spinal cord damage.

Comparison of Bacterial Composition, Concentration, and Metabolism of Short Chain Fatty Acid in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 5978-5984
Author(s):  
David Nugraha ◽  
Natasya Ariesta Selyardi Putri ◽  
Visuddho Visuddho ◽  
Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestine. The etiology is heterogeneous and multifactorial, including genetic susceptibility, immune-mediated tissue damage, and changes of lumen microenvironment, especially short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria. Several studies reported a decrease in SCFA concentration in both CD and UC. In fact, SCFAs has important roles in accelerating disease remission. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the changes in SCFA concentration, the composition of SCFA-producing bacteria, and SCFA metabolism in IBD. A literature search was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL by selecting studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality and risk of bias assessment were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Overall, 160 UC and 127 CD patients from 5 studies were reviewed. The SCFA concentration was significantly reduced (p <0.05) in both PC and UC. Moreover, there was a decrease in major SCFA-producing bacteria. Clostridium coccoides were significantly decreased in the feces of active UC (p = 0.015) and CD (p = 0.04). Clostridium leptum was decreased on intestinal mucosal biopsy of active CD and UC (p <0.0001). Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were decreased in active CD faeces (p <0.0001) and UC (p = 0.0001). Butyrate oxidation rate was also reported to decrease in UC compared to control (p<0.0001). In conclusion, the ability of major SCFA-producing bacterial production in IBD was diminished, which implies a decreased protective and anti-inflammatory effect of SCFA that altered its metabolism.

scholarly journals Kimura’s disease: a diagnostic and therapeutic enigma

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2176
Author(s):  
Vinay Bharat ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Rani Bansal ◽  
Priya Gupta ◽  
Mamta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Kimura’S Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Peripheral Eosinophilia ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Reactive Hyperplasia

Kimura’s disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder present in 2nd and 3rd decade. It has a predilection for head and neck region presenting as a slowly growing painless swelling. It is usually accompanied by peripheral eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE and hence it was initially thought to be of allergic origin. Histologically the lesions are characterized by reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes, eosinophilic infiltration and increase in postcapillary venules. Authors have reported a male patient with a slowly growing right sided neck swelling which is recurring even after course of steroids and excision done twice at an interval of 6 months. Kimura’s disease although a benign Lymphoid disorder but the incidence of recurrence despite taking treatment is a cause of much concern for the patient.

scholarly journals Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid neutrophils drive inflammation through production of chemokines, reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L Wright ◽  
Max Lyon ◽  
Elinor A Chapman ◽  
Robert J Moots ◽  
Steven W Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Adaptive Immune Cells ◽  
Activated Neutrophils ◽  
Healthy Control

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting synovial joints. Neutrophils are believed to play an important role in both the initiation and progression of RA, and large numbers of activated neutrophils are found within both synovial fluid (SF) and synovial tissue from RA joints. In this study we analysed paired blood and SF neutrophils from patients with severe, active RA (DAS28>5.1, n=3) using RNA-seq. 772 genes were significantly different between blood and SF neutrophils. IPA analysis predicted that SF neutrophils had increased expression of chemokines and ROS production, delayed apoptosis, and activation of signalling cascades regulating the production of NETs. This activated phenotype was confirmed experimentally by incubating healthy control neutrophils in cell-free RA SF, which was able to delay apoptosis and induce ROS production in both unprimed and TNFα primed neutrophils (p<0.05). RA SF significantly increased neutrophil migration through 3μM transwell chambers (p<0.05) and also increased production of NETs by healthy control neutrophils, including exposure of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and citrullinated histone-H3-positive DNA NETs. IPA analysis predicted NET production was mediated by signalling networks including AKT, RAF1, SRC and NF-κB. Our results expand the understanding of the molecular changes that take place in the neutrophil transcriptome during migration into inflamed joints in RA, and the altered phenotype in RA SF neutrophils. Specifically, RA SF neutrophils lose their migratory properties, residing within the joint to generate signals that promote joint damage, as well as inflammation via recruitment and activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells. We propose that this activated SF neutrophil phenotype contributes to the chronic inflammation and progressive damage to cartilage and bone observed in patients with RA.

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