Severe invasive disease caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: a case report

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Life Threatening

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a common pathogenic bacteria that causes numerous infectious diseases. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) can lead to invasive K. pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome, which can induce life-threatening multiple organ dysfunction syndrome or septic shock. We report a case of invasive K. pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome caused by hvKP and discuss the treatment options of this syndrome. Appropriate antimicrobial drugs should be administered to improve prognosis and prevent complications, and laboratory testing is essential to guide clinical management and optimize patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Invasive liver abscess caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Guang Xiao ◽  
Zhao-Hong Mu ◽  
Qing-Dong Li ◽  
Yong-Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogenic bacteria that cause infectious diseases, Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive liver abscess syndrome is a rare disease, which often caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae(hvKP), the hvKP patients with sepsis may have life-threatening multiple organ dysfunction and visual sequelae.Case presentation: We report a case of Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive liver abscess syndrome caused by hvKP, the patient was treated with long-term antibiotic treatment, along with controlling blood sugar with Insulin, and the patient was eventually discharged from the hospital. Case analysis and literature review were performed to improve the understanding of invasive liver abscess caused by hvKP.Conclusions Patients with hvKP invasive liver abscess are in relatively severe conditions and often have poor visual prognosis. Appropriate antimicrobial drugs should be administered to prevent complications and improve prognosis.

scholarly journals Acute Abdomen—A Clinical Presentation of MIS-C in Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Gün ◽  
Tanıl Kendirli ◽  
Edin Botan ◽  
Berrin Demir ◽  
Ergun Ergün ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Pathology Reports ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Objective Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is characterized by persistent fever, systemic hyperinflammation, and multiple-organ dysfunction. There are a few reports about MIS-C presenting with acute abdomen. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the clinical characteristics and treatment options for MIS-C-related acute abdomen and appendicitis. Methods This was a retrospective study conducted between April 2020 and October 2020 in our pediatric intensive care unit in Turkey. Patients between the ages of 1 month and 18 years who presented with acute abdomen and were ultimately diagnosed with MIS-C were included. Results Seven patients with a median age of 12.5 (interquartile range 10.5–13) years were enrolled. Four were females. The most frequent symptoms were fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Three patients had involvement of the appendix that required surgical intervention. All pathology reports were compatible with appendicitis. The other patients also had an acute abdomen. One patient had malignant hyperthermia during induction of anesthesia, so surgery was postponed and medical management was commenced. The clinical picture regressed with immunomodulation. All patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids. Four patients with acute abdomens improved with immunomodulation, and surgery was not needed. Conclusion MIS-C may present with an acute abdomen. Immunomodulation should be considered instead of surgery if the clinical course is not complicated.

scholarly journals Rhinosinusal mucormycosis: Literature review and some particular cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (35) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Carmen Badea ◽  
Codrut Sarafoleanu ◽  
Andreea Marza
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Surgical Debridement ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Significant Survival ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Underlying Risk

Abstract Rhinosinusal mucormycosis is a life-threatening disease caused by fungus of the order Mucorales, which commonly affects individuals with diabetes and those in immunocompromised states. It is the most common form of mucormycosis with a high mortality rate (50-80%). Treatment options include reversal of the underlying risk factors when it is possible, systemic antifungal medication and radical surgical debridement. Prognosis is reserved because of the high potential of invasiveness, so diagnosis and early treatment are essential. Herein, we make a review about the most important features of this pathology and we report two cases of rhinosinusal mucormycosis with similar presentations who followed the same treatment protocol – extended surgical debridement of the necrotic tissue combined with systemic antifungal treatment (Amphotericin B). Complete recovery was achieved in one patient, whereas in the other one, due to late presentation, massive extension and incomplete surgical debridement, the disease was complicated with multiple organ dysfunction and cerebral stroke. By presenting these cases, we would like to point out the importance of early diagnosis, appropriate medical and surgical therapy to obtain a significant survival rate in patients with this fatal disease.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory potential of Quercetin in COVID-19 treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
Keyword(s):  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Severe Inflammation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus causing severe inflammatory pneumonia, so that excessive inflammation is considered a risk factor for the disease. According to reports, cytokine storm is strongly responsible for death in such patients. Some of the consequences of severe inflammation and cytokine storms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. Phylogenetic findings show more similarity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with bat coronaviruses, and less with SARS-CoV. Quercetin is a carbohydrate-free flavonoid that is the most abundant flavonoid in vegetables and fruits and has been the most studied to determine the biological effects of flavonoids. Inflammasomes are cytosolic multi-protein complexes assembling in response to cytosolic PAMP and DAMPs, whose function is to generate active forms of cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Activation or inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome is affected by regulators such as TXNIP, SIRT1 and NRF2. Quercetin suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome by affecting these regulators. Quercetin, as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and inflammatory compound, is probably a potential treatment for severe inflammation and one of the main life-threatening conditions in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals 2377 A Rare Case of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Liver Abscess With Subsequent Invasive Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. S1321-S1321
Author(s):  
Daniel McCarty ◽  
Janyll Castineira ◽  
Ergen Muso ◽  
Steven Beljic
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Invasive Disease

A Comparative Review on Current and Future Drug Targets Against Bacteria & Malaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 736-775
Author(s):  
Usha K. Rout ◽  
A.S. Sanket ◽  
Brijesh S. Sisodia ◽  
Pradyumna K. Mohapatra ◽  
Sanghamitra Pati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Scenario ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Future Drug ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Drug

Long before the discovery of drugs like ‘antibiotic and anti-parasitic drugs’, the infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and parasites remain as one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing and underdeveloped countries. The phenomenon by which the organism exerts resistance against two or more structurally unrelated drugs is called multidrug resistance (MDR) and its emergence has further complicated the treatment scenario of infectious diseases. Resistance towards the available set of treatment options and poor pipeline of novel drug development puts an alarming situation. A universal goal in the post-genomic era is to identify novel targets/drugs for various life-threatening diseases caused by such pathogens. This review is conceptualized in the backdrop of drug resistance in two major pathogens i.e. “Pseudomonas aeruginosa” and “Plasmodium falciparum”. In this review, the available targets and key mechanisms of resistance of these pathogens have been discussed in detail. An attempt has also been made to analyze the common drug targets of bacteria and malaria parasite to overcome the current drug resistance scenario. The solution is also hypothesized in terms of a present pipeline of drugs and efforts made by scientific community.

scholarly journals Characteristics of gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Clostridi perfringens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Yang Chen ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Song Guo ◽  
Bin-Bin Li ◽  
Jia-Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Pyogenic Liver Abscess ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Background Gas ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Background: Gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess is a life-threatening disease with poor prognosis commonly caused by 2 bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Clostridium perfringens . Due to its low incidence and associated high mortality rate, it is important to study the biological characteristics of the disease. The aim of this study was to conduct a worldwide review of literature on gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess caused by K. pneumoniae and C. perfringens . Methods: We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases from January 2009 to March 2019, with published in English. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. The manual search included references of retrieved articles. Finally, 35 publications were selected for review. Results: The results showed that more cases of gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess in Asia were caused by K. pneumoniae than by C. perfringens (P=0.011). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess caused by K. pneumoniae was higher than caused by C. perfringens (P=0.032). The survival rate of patients with gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess caused by K. pneumoniae who received surgical debridement or drainage was higher than caused by C. perfringens (P=0.002). Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was higher in patients with gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess caused by K. pneumoniae than in patients caused by C. perfringens .

scholarly journals Fournier’s Gangrene With Septic Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengding Zhou ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Jingning Huan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Fournier’S Gangrene ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Fournier's Gangrene ◽  
Life Threatening

Fournier’s gangrene is a rare, rapidly progressing, and life-threatening infection associated with necrotizing fasciitis in the perineal, genital, and/or lower abdominal regions. Septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome due to the condition are even rarer events. We describe the case of a 58-year-old man who visited the emergency department with severely painful swelling in the scrotal, perianal, and lower abdominal regions. Physical examination combined with computed tomography and clinical findings led to the diagnosis of Fournier’s gangrene with septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, sedative administration, and several surgeries that included perineum reconstruction were performed successfully, and the patient fully recovered. Comprehensive, timely treatments are critical for treating Fournier’s gangrene.

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