scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbedaan Keterangan Saksi Jarimah Zina (Perpektif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Pidana Islam)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Islamu Haq
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Witness Testimony ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Witness Statements

This study aims to examine the influence of witnesses' different opinion in adultery jarimah verification on suspect determination between positive law and Islamic criminal law perspectives.This research adapts library research (library research) conducted through reading, understanding books, theses,  dissertations, websites and other literature related to problems by content analysis and the comparative approach between positive law and Islamic criminal law. The results of this study indicates that in a positive law, different witness testimonies can release a suspect from a guilty charge especially if the crime of adultery is lone standing criminal  (Zelfstanding Delict). In the case of act of continuing (voortgezette handeling), differences in the testimony of witnesses does not make witness statements denied as long as the difference in witness testimony does not exceed the set limits. In Islamic Criminal Law, If there are differences in the statements of the four witnesses, all witnesses' opinions cannot be accepted unless the differences of opinion regarding time and place are not far apart. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh perbedaan pendapat saksi dalam pembuktian jarimah zina terhadap penetapan tersangka persfektif hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yaitu metode yang menggunakan riset kepustakaan baik melalui membaca, memahami buku-buku, tesis, disertasi, website maupun literatur lainnya yang sifatnya pustaka terkait dengan permasalahan dalam rangka memperoleh data, menggunakan analisis kontent (content analyzis ) dan metode komparasi antara hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam hukum positif perbedaan keterangan saksi  dapat membebaskan tersangka dari tuntutan bersalah, khususnya jika tindak pidana zina tersebut merupakan tindak pidana yang berdiri sendiri (Zelfstanding Delict). Berbeda jika tindak pidana zina merupakan perbuatan berlanjut (voortgezette handeling) perbedaan keterangan saksi tidak menjadikan keterangan saksi ditolak sepanjang perbedaan keterangan saksi tidak melewati batas yang telah ditetapkan. Dalam Hukum Pidana Islam Jika terjadi perbedaan keterangan pada keempat saksi, maka semua pendapat saksi tidak dapat diterima kecuali jika perbedaan pendapat mengenai waktu dan tempat tidak berjauhan.

scholarly journals Analisis Jual Beli Hak Cipta Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Dan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ghurrotul Muhajjalah ◽  
Nasiri .
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference

This study aims to seek legal certainty from the practice of buying and selling copyright that occurs in society. By emphasizing the study of the point of view of Islamic criminal law in answering the legality of the practice of buying and selling copyright logically and comprehensively. Next, do a deeper analysis and study of the ratio legislation of Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The design of this study is normative legal research with a statute approach and comparative approach. Data collection techniques used documentation in the form of library studies with sources of legal material. The results of this study indicate that: 1) copyright is a new term that is still unfamiliar in the context of Islamic criminal law. Although its application has been indirectly recognized since the time of the Prophet with the necessity to include the name of the author in each of the writings cited. This is true on the basis of copyright ownership of property ownership. So that related to the legality of copyright sale and purchase transactions are answered on the basis of the legality of buying and selling in general. The difference is that the object (mauqud aih alaih) of copyright sale and purchase is based on the perspective of f urf contained in the criteria of the benefits of goods (muntafa’bih) which are maqsu and ‘urfan or in other words the public has economic value and is worth trading. 2) Copyright sale and purchase transactions are transactions that have been legalized for a long time in positive law in Indonesia. This is based on the existence of related rights in the exclusive rights inherent in a creator. The related rights are in the form of economic and moral rights. In the end, these economic rights are the basis of the legality and royalties generated from copyright sale and purchase transactions based on the legality of other transactions listed in Article 9 paragraph (1) of Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning copyright.

Methodological and Sociological Analysis About The Fatwa Of Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah Concerning To The Muslim Marriage With An Ahl Al-Kitab

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Chamim Tohari
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Empiric Data ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference

Relation between the different of religion comunity in the multicultural nation as in Indonesia be a natural phenomenon that it cannot be avoided. As to one of the problem that had appeared in this case is about wedding problem betweena moslem with the difference religion womans. Majority of the Indonesia religious scholars as scholar in Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah had been prohibiting wedding like that with various reason. while a part little of the contemporary moslem scholars have been permiting the wedding. The points which will discussed in this research is how is opinion of Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah about the law of wedding with the woman from Ahl Al-Kitab and its ijtihad methodology. This research should analyze the argumentation of the Majelis Tarjih that make forbidding a muslem married with the difference religion womans. This research using library research approach dan content analysis. The results of this research are: (1) Majelis Tarjih of Muhammadiyah forbidding the wedding with sad al-dzari’ah as its argumentation; (2) Majelis Tarjih’s opinion has been irrelevant because two reason, the mistake of methodology and the change of the Indonesian contemporary society (based on an empiric data). Keywords: Ahlu Kitab; Majelis Tarjih; Different Religion Marriage

scholarly journals PIDANA PENGAWASAN TERHADAP ANAK YANG BERHADAPAN DENGAN HUKUM DALAM SISTEM PEMIDANAAN DI INDONESIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Putu Suwarsa
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Law

ABSTRACTThis research was conducted with the normative approach legislation. Factualapproach, analytical approach to the legal concept of a comparative approach in thecriminal judicial oversight of Children in Conflict with the Law in the criminal sistem inIndonesia.In formulating criminal law criminal policy oversight of Children in Conflict withthe Law in the guidance sistem of positive law in Indonesia, consists of 3 major topics:First, the substance of Children in Conflict with the Law into law in Indonesia, Second,Determination of sanctions / penalties against Children in Conflict with the Law inIndonesia's criminal law policy, Third, criminal oversight of Children in Conflict with theLaw and its relevance to the theory of punishment in modern criminal law in Indonesia.Criminal oversight of Children in Conflict with the Law as the integrative goals ofpunishment in accordance with the ideas and correctional sistem discussed 3 subjectsnamely: First, criminal oversight of anal naughty review of aspects of the integrativetheory of punishment, Second, Criminal oversight of Children in Conflict with the Lawreview of aspects of correctional sistem, Third, Criminal oversight of Children in Conflictwith the Law in terms of aspects of legal protection and benefit of the criminal lawrequirement for social welfare (children). And its application by all law enforcementcomponents and related institutions involved in handling cases of children in conflict withthe law in coaching children in prison.

scholarly journals A CONDUCIVE ENVIRONMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH – A STUDY IN MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Faisal Bin Husen Ismail ◽  
Jasni Bin Sulong
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conducive Environment

A conducive environment is a comfortable situation, harmonious as well as friendly in the relationship between government and communities upon enforcement of law. Therefore, the administration and enforcement of law towards society have to take account public’s benefit, either from religion perspective, customary or local culture. The ignorance of those elements will bring regulation towards injustice and discrimination. For that reason, comfortable environment was taken into account during Caliph Omar al-Khattab who have procrastinated the enforcement of law (cutting hand for criminals) during drought period on the reason of unconducive period. It was a difficult phase of life which some communities living in needs and pitiable, and the situation is not appropriate to penalize them for stealing foods. However, scholars nowadays only discuss upon the matter in term of its influence to dismiss the application of Islamic law but not in term to comprehend the reality and concept of conducive environment in the application of Islamic criminal law. Therefore, the polemic of conducive environment took place without any yard stick of the situation that well elaborated. Hence, in order to overcome the conflict, this paper is at aim to clarify the notion as well as features of conducive environment from the perspective of shariah law. The paper will lay out the situation to become as a mechanism in measuring the readiness and ability in applying the fair law. The methodology of the study is in a qualitative means by reviewing historical notes by using content analysis upon the Prophets Era as well as the period of Khulafa’ al-Rashidin. The data will be compared to contemporary epoch in understanding the similarity as well as the difference. The finding of the study is very significant to justify the appropriateness in the application of Islamic criminal law nowadays, whether its meet the need of shariah (maqasid al-shariah) or vice versa.

scholarly journals TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN PADA SAAT TERJADI BENCANA ALAM DALAM HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF PERSPEKTIF MAQASID ASY-SYARI’AH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-212
Author(s):  
Sudarti S
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Religious Law

The victims of natural disasterswho commit theft cannot be immediately punished penalty in accordance with Islamic criminal law or positive law as contained in the Criminal Code. This study aims to analyze the problem of theft in the event of a natural disaster using the maqasid ash-sharia. This type of research is library research with descriptive analytical methods. The results showed that the daruriyyat aspect related to punishment for the perpetrators of theft was the aspect of maintaining property (ḥifż al-mal). This aspect is an aspect that is related to the obligation in the search for property lawfully without depriving others of their rights and managing property so that assets are maintained and functional in accordance with religious law.

scholarly journals Penyelarasan Fatwa Antara Negeri-Negeri: Analisis Amalan dan Kaedah Penyeragamannya di Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-109
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fathullah Al Haq Muhamad Asni ◽  
Jasni Sulong
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Legal Decisions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Library Research ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
The Difference

Fatwa is usually associated with a formal decision in respect of any Islamic law issued by a committee of religious-based regions or countries that have legal jurisdiction. Therefore, a fatwa gazetted in particular has the power legally enforceable against civilians in the territory. However the difference territory and jurisdiction of religion causing inconsistencies especially pronounced in response to the question of who gets disputes by fuqaha’ (khilafiyyah). This situation is clearly in Malaysia, where there are 14 State Mufti Department varying representing their respective states. Some fatwas issued by these states are found to be unparalleled to each other and this situation poses a conflict, especially in the administration of law. Although each state has a State Administration of Islamic Affairs which is almost uniform, have a provision referring to Islamic law (qawl final) and monitoring by the National Fatwa Committee on an issue of national fatwa, but some of the fatwa still in dispute resolution. The situation is the existence of a situation of unjust laws, there is no consistency in doing ijtihad, which denies the meaning of equality in the decision of Islamic law in the country. Thus, based on this, the study was conducted to identify the cause of the inconsistency of this fatwa, the factors influencing and measures and proposals to overcome. This is a qualitative research methodology in which data were collected through library research and field studies. Field studies conducted interviews with the mufti method, istinbat officials and senior academics. The study found that the Federal Government through  Jabatan Kemajuan Agama Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) has undertaken several initiatives to overcome this but the attitude of some members of the committee of states fatwa on the matter, which holds tight (rigid) to the Shafi'i and mastering knowledge in accepting differences of opinion (mura'ah al-khilaf ) restrain to reach this goal. This is because the Majlis Jawatankuasa Fatwa Kebangsaan (MJFK) was agreed as the medium of fatwa union between the states in the country and should be given priority at this stage of legal decisions ruling that the state can participate fully. Keywords: Fatwa, the difference (khilaf), Mufti, istinbat methods, Shafi'i madhhab Abstrak Fatwa adalah biasanya dikaitkan dengan keputusan rasmi berkenaan sesuatu hukum syarak yang dikeluarkan oleh sesuatu jawatankuasa agama yang berasaskan wilayah atau negara yang mempunyai bidangkuasa undang-undang. Oleh kerana itu, sesuatu fatwa khususnya yang diwartakan mempunyai kuasa perundangan yang boleh dikuatkuasakan ke atas orang awam di wilayah terbabit. Bagaimanapun perbezaan wilayah dan bidangkuasa agama menyebabkan berlakunya ketidakseragaman fatwa khususnya dalam menanggapi persoalan yang mendapat perselisihan fuqaha’ (khilafiyyah). Keadaan ini amat terserlah di Malaysia di mana terdapat 14 Jabatan Mufti Negeri yang berbeza-beza yang mewakili negeri masing-masing. Sebahagian fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh negeri-negeri ini didapati tidak selari antara satu sama lain dan keadaan ini menimbulkan konflik terutamanya dalam pentadbiran undang-undang. Walaupun setiap negeri mempunyai Enakmen Hal Ehwal Pentadbiran Agama Islam yang hampir seragam, mempunyai peruntukan rujukan hukum syarak (qawl muktamad) yang sama dan pemantauan Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Kebangsaan dalam sesuatu isu fatwa nasional, namun sebahagian fatwa tersebut masih lagi mendapat perselisihan keputusan. Keadaan ini mewujudan situasi hukum yang tidak adil, tiada keselarasan dalam melakukan ijtihad, yang menafikan maksud kesaksamaan dalam keputusan hukum syarak dalam negara ini. Justeru berdasarkan hal ini, kajian dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti punca ketidakselarasan fatwa ini, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dan langkah serta cadangan untuk mengatasinya. Metodologi kajian ini bersifat kualitatif di mana data-data dikumpulkan melalui kajian kepustakaan dan kajian lapangan. Kajian lapangan dilakukan secara metod temubual dengan para mufti, pegawai istinbat dan ahli akademik. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa Kerajaan Persekutuan melalui Jabatan Kemajuan Agama Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) telah melakukan beberapa inisiatif untuk mengatasi hal ini namun sikap sesetengah ahli jawatankuasa fatwa negeri yang ketat (rigid) kepada Mazhab Syafi'i dan penguasaan ilmu dalam menerima perbezaan pandangan (mura'ah al-khilaf) mengekang kepada capaian matlamat ini. Ini kerana Majlis Jawatankuasa Fatwa Kebangsaan (MJFK) telah dipersetujui sebagai medium penyatuan fatwa antara negeri-negeri di negara ini dan sepatutnya diutamakan keputusan hukum di peringkat ini supaya fatwa negeri dapat mengikuti dengan sepenuhnya. Kata kunci: Fatwa, perbezaan (khilaf), Mufti, kaedah istinbat, Mazhab Syafi'i.

scholarly journals STUDI KOMPARATIF TENTANG ASAS LEGALITAS BERDASARKAN HUKUM PIDANA POSITIF INDONESIA DAN HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Leni Dwi Nurmala
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Times ◽  
Principle Of Legality

The purpose of this study is to determine the legality principle according to positive criminal law in Indonesia and Islamic criminal law and to find out the comparison between the legality principle according to positive criminal law and Islamic criminal law. This type of research used in this research is using library research or known as literature research. The principle of legality in Indonesia's positive criminal law is a very fundamental principle. Because the principle of legality in criminal law is important to determine whether a criminal law regulation can be treated against a criminal act that occurs. In Islamic criminal law, the legality principle has a great influence on the judge's power, because the judge's power is very broad compared to the judge in positive law where the judge does not have sufficient power to act against the crime maker in accordance with the public interest. Comparison of the principle of legality between Islamic law and positive law. Whereas the application of the legality principle to positive criminal law and Islamic criminal law has similarities and differences. The similarity is that both apply the principle of legality in the legal process while the difference is that positive criminal law is the same in its application to offenses, whereas in Islamic criminal law there is a distinction between Jarimah qishas diyat, hudud, which is applied strongly, while in Jarimah ta'zir it is relaxed so that the benefit of society is fulfilled. In addition to having the similarities and differences above, the legality principle also has advantages and disadvantages, among others, in Islamic law the criminal provisions cannot be changed (added / reduced) because it is a provision from Allah which is standard, while in positive law the criminal provisions may change at any time. according to the times.

scholarly journals Batas Waktu Mengqasar Salat bagi Musafir Menurut Ulama Empat Mazhab

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-508
Author(s):  
Rachmat bin Badani Tempo ◽  
Nuraeni Novira ◽  
Auliya Ulhaq
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
Differences Of Opinion

The purpose of this research; 1) to find out the opinions of four mazhab scholars on the issue of the time limit for a traveler to be able to make up his prayers, the background of the differences and the opinion that is rajih. This research uses qualitative research through library research. Methods of normative theological approach and comparative approach. Research results; First, the Hanafi Mazhab: a traveler can make up his prayers for 15 days. Maliki and Shafi'i Mazhab; A traveler may make up his prayers for 4 days other than the day he arrives and leaves. Hanbali Mazhab: a traveler may make up his prayer for 4 days or 20 times of obligatory prayer, including the day of arrival and departure. The rajih views are the Shafi'i and Maliki Mazhab; Second, differences of opinion occur because this issue includes issues that are not explicitly discussed in the Shari'a ('amrun maskuutun 'anhu fi al-syar'i) so that each opinion is only guided by the conditions and actions quoted from the Prophet. The reason is because this issue is a problem that is not explicitly discussed in the Shari'a ('amrun maskuutun 'anhu fi al-syar'i). This triggers a difference of opinion regarding the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad. about traveling; Third, the opinion that is rajih in this matter is the opinion of the Shafi'i Mazhab and the Maliki Mazhab.  

scholarly journals ANALISIS YURIDIS PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA PORNOGRAFI BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 44 TAHUN 2008 DI ERA DIGITALISASI

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Andri Winjaya Laksana ◽  
Suratman Suratman
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Criminal Investigations ◽  
Library Research

Pornography is a crime that is privacy so that enforcement against the eradication of pornography there are many difficulties. One of the factors inhibiting the eradication of pornography among others due to lack of cooperation from the public and the various parties in reporting this crime. Criminal law enforcement have a tendency to be influenced by the structure of society, that is a constraint that allows the criminal law enforcement can be run and can provide barriers that lead to the enforcement of criminal law can’t be started or can't be maximize. As happens to the pros cons on current legislation Law No. 44 Year 2008 concerning the Crime pornography. This research method using normative juridical approach. Normative juridical research also called legal research library research is done by checking library materials or secondary data. The results of the study refers to Article 34 in conjunction with Article 8 of Law No. 44 Year 2008 on Pornography, (1) that the elements of the crime of pornography consists of Subjective elements that error, which means intentionally or consent was committed and objective elements that act ( be) which means that objects or models that contain pornographic content. (2) In the process of criminal investigations conducted pornography remains based on Criminal Procedure unless otherwise provided in the Act No. 44 of 2008

scholarly journals Analisis Yuridis Tindak Pidana Korupsi dengan Menggunakan Jabatan (Studi Putusan No. 296/Pid.B/2010/PN.Mdn)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal Mas'ud Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
District Court ◽  
Court Ruling ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Witness Testimony ◽  
Library Research

The purpose of this research is to know the regulation of criminal law in corruption crime by using position; the juridical analysis of corruption crime by using position with decision no. 3296 / Pid.B / 2010 / PN.Mdn. This type of thesis research uses qualitative research, using normative juridical research. The research method used, namely library research (library research) and field study (field research) with the location of research at the Medan District Court. Data collection techniques used are secondary data, consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The legal basis for the eradication of criminal acts of corruption is contained in Law No. 20 of 2001 on Amendment to Law Number 31 Year 1999 on the Eradication of Corruption. The consideration of the Panel of Judges of the Medan District Court in deciding the case has used juridical judgment based on juridical facts. Which have been revealed in the hearing and by the Law stipulated as matters which must be contained in the decision such as the indictment of the prosecutor, the statement of the defendant, witness testimony, Evidence items, and articles in criminal law. Based on the Medan District Court Ruling. 3296 / Pid.B / 2010 / PN.Mdn, proves that the defendant is not proven to abuse the authority, opportunity or means available to him / her because of his / her position or position as the person in charge of the team which aims to benefit yourself, others or as a corporation.

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