scholarly journals Pharmacological and Toxicological assessment of common Plant poisons found in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanya Nath
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Common Plant

As far as prolepsis and treatment of diseases goes, recuperative plants are of specific significance in medication. The after effects of studies and research have indicated that some dynamic elements of recuperative plants are helpful for relief from discomfort and disease; research have additionally demonstrated that some therapeutic herbs have cell reinforcement and mitigating impacts in vitro. The utilization of domisticated medications has seen an extraordinary upsurge all around. In developed nations, many belittle them to a great extent because of social adequacy, accessibility and cost. Lately, be that as it may, there has been a continuous growing concern of usage of such medicinal plants. This has made a circumstance of vacillation in conversations with respect to their utilization. Some therapeutic plants are characteristically dangerous and toxic by virtue of their constituents and can cause antagonistic responses if improperly utilized. Different factors, for example, herb-medicated associations, absence of adherence to great assembling practice, poor administrative measures and contamination may likewise prompt to unhealthy and life threatening circumstances in their utilization. This article is a literature review of five most common medicinal plants which have equally toxic effects if used improperly.

scholarly journals Ethiopian medicinal plants used for their anti-inflammatory, wound healing or anti-infective activities: protocol for systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e100064
Author(s):  
Dereje Nigussie ◽  
Belete Adefris Legesse ◽  
Gail Davey ◽  
Abebaw Fekadu ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ObjectivesMedicinal plants are used globally as alternative medicines in the management of a range of disease conditions and are widely accepted across differing societies. Ethiopia hosts a large number of plant species (>7000 higher plant species), of which around 12% are thought to be endemic, making it a rich source of plant extracts potentially useful for human health. The aim of this review is to evaluate Ethiopian medicinal plants for their anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antifungal or antibacterial activities.Methods and analysisThe guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement will be used. This review will consider all controlled studies of anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties (both in vivo and in vitro) and in vitro anti-infective properties of medicinal plants found in Ethiopia. Data sources will be EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar. Guidance documents on good in vitro methods and checklists for reporting in vitro studies will be used for quality assessment of in vitro studies. The risk of bias tool for animal intervention studies (the SYRCLE RoB tool) will be used to assess the validity of studies. The main outcomes will be percent inhibition of inflammation, time of epithelisation and tissue tensile strength in wounds and microbial growth inhibition.Ethics and disseminationThe findings of this systematic review will be disseminated by publishing in a peer-reviewed journal and via conference presentations. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Research Governance & Ethics Committee (RGEC) and Addis Ababa University, College of Health Science, Institutional Review Board.PROSPERO registration numberThis systematic literature review has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42019127471).

scholarly journals Flavonoids as Potential anti-MRSA Agents through Modulation of PBP2a: A Computational and Experimental Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani A. Alhadrami ◽  
Ahmed A. Hamed ◽  
Hossam M. Hassan ◽  
Lassaad Belbahri ◽  
Mostafa E. Rateb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Common Plant

Recently, the interest in plant-derived antimicrobial agents has increased. However, there are no sufficient studies dealing with their modes of action. Herein, we investigate an in-house library of common plant-based phenolic compounds for their potential antibacterial effects against the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a widespread life-threatening superbug. Flavonoids, which are considered major constituents in the plant kingdom, were found to be a promising class of compounds against MRSA, particularly the non-glycosylated ones. On the other hand, the glycosylated derivatives, along with the flavonolignan silibinin A, were able to restore the inhibitory activity of ampicillin against MRSA. To explore the mode of action of this class, they were subjected to an extensive inverse virtual screening (IVS), which suggested penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) as a possible target that mediates both the antibacterial and the antibiotic-synergistic effects of this class of compounds. Further molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation experiments were conducted to support the primary IVS and the in vitro results and to study their binding modes with PBP2a. Our findings shed a light on plant-derived natural products, notably flavonoids, as a promising and readily available source for future adjuvant antimicrobial therapy against resistant strains.

scholarly journals Phytomedicine in Joint Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorin Dragos ◽  
Marilena Gilca ◽  
Laura Gaman ◽  
Adelina Vlad ◽  
Liviu Iosif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Equisetum Arvense ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Conventional Medication ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salix Spp

Chronic joint inflammatory disorders such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis have in common an upsurge of inflammation, and oxidative stress, resulting in progressive histological alterations and disabling symptoms. Currently used conventional medication (ranging from pain-killers to biological agents) is potent, but frequently associated with serious, even life-threatening side effects. Used for millennia in traditional herbalism, medicinal plants are a promising alternative, with lower rate of adverse events and an efficiency frequently comparable with that of conventional drugs. Nevertheless, their mechanism of action is in many cases elusive and/or uncertain. Even many of them have been proved effective in studies done in vitro or on animal models, there is a scarcity of human clinical evidence. The purpose of this review is to summarise the available scientific information on these joint-friendly medicinal plants, which have been already tested in human studies: Arnica montana, Boswelliaspp., Curcuma spp., Equisetum arvense, Harpagophytumprocumbens, Salix spp., Sesamumindicum, Symphytumofficinalis, Zingiberofficinalis, Panaxnotoginseng, Whitaniasomnifera.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants used by traditional healers for hemorrhoid treatment in Borneo island: Ethnopharmacological study RISTOJA

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012097
Author(s):  
P R W Astana ◽  
U Nisa ◽  
A Triyono ◽  
D Ardiyanto ◽  
U Fitriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
The Third ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Electronic Search

Abstract Borneo is known as the third largest island in the world, which has enormous biodiversity. For generations, the locals used to utilize surrounding plants to treat diseases and maintain their health. Hemorrhoid is one of the diseases which is often treated using medicinal plants. An ethnopharmacological study (RISTOJA) was conducted to find potential plants to be developed in Borneo island by interviewing selected local traditional healers. Identification of medicinal plants was performed, followed by descriptive and literature studies. The most important medicinal plants were defined using the calculation of frequency of citation (FC), use value (UV), and choice value (CV). In order to establish scientific evidence, a literature review was conducted focused on the benefit and toxicity using electronic search engines Pubmed, DOAJ, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The evidence was collected from empirical use to in-vitro, animal, or clinical studies. There were 49 species under 31 families used in herbal formula for hemorrhoids. Based on FC, UV, CV, and literature review, Curcuma longa L., Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff., Melastoma malabathricum L., and Cocos nucifera were confirmed to have enough scientific evidence regarding its safety and efficacy. Accordingly, those plants have the potential to be further developed.

scholarly journals Cyanide intoxication by apricot kernels: A case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Ekinci ◽  
Dincer Yildizdas ◽  
Alper Ates ◽  
Naime Gökay
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Apricot Kernels ◽  
Cyanide Intoxication

Acute cyanide intoxication is a serious healthcare problem due to its potentially life threatening and fatal toxic effects. Ingestion of cyanide containing foods is an important source of cyanide poisoning and apricot kernels contain significant amounts of such cyanogenic compounds. Herein we report a previously healthy 4- year-old boy admitted to our emergency department with complaints of vomiting and sudden onset of unconsciousness after ingestion of apricot kernels. He was diagnosed as acute cyanide poisoning and treated with a specific antidote; hydroxocobalamin. Our report concludes with previous cases of cyanide poisoning after ingestion of apricot kernels and a quick look at sources, manifestations and treatment of acute cyanide poisoning.

scholarly journals A Review on Herbal Drug Interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Anshu Chhabra ◽  
Gurvinder Singh ◽  
Yash Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Developed Nations

Herbal medicines are becoming popular worldwide, despite their mechanisms of action being generally unknown, the lack of evidence of efficacy, and inadequate toxicological data. An estimated one third of adults in developed nations and more than 80% of the population in many developing countries use herbal medicines in the hope of promoting health and to manage common maladies such as colds, inflammation, heart disease, diabetes and central nervous system diseases. To date, there are more than 11 000 species of herbal plants that are in use medicinally and, of these, about 500 species are commonly used in Asian and other countries. These herbs are often co-administered with therapeutic drugs raising the potential of drug–herb interactions, which may have important clinical significance based on an increasing number of clinical reports of such interactions.The interaction of drugs with herbal medicines is a significant safety concern, especially for drugs with narrow therapeutic indices (e.g. warfarin and digoxin). Because the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of the drug may be altered by combination with herbal remedies, potentially severe and perhaps even life-threatening adverse reactions may occur. Because of the clinical significance of drug interactions with herbs, it is important to identify drugs and compounds in development that may interact with herbal medicines. Timely identification of such drugs using proper in vitro and in vivo approaches may have important implications for drug development.  

scholarly journals Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Konney Laryea ◽  
Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Toxicological Assessment

The economic costs associated with morbidity and mortality due to malaria and malaria associated complications in many sub-Saharan countries and other malaria endemic regions of the world are huge. Reports of emergence of parasite resistance to current malaria drugs have complicated malaria treatment and require the development of new therapeutic agents. The folkloric use of medicinal plants for the management of malaria is well documented. This work evaluated the antiplasmodial activities and toxicity of some medicinal plants used to treat malaria and malaria-like symptoms in Ghana. Plant extracts were obtained by cold maceration in 70% ethanol. Antiplasmodial efficacies were assessed in vitro against 3 strains of Plasmodium falciparum strains (FCM, W2, and CAM06) and in vivo via the 4-day suppressive test in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity were assessed in mammalian cells and mice, respectively. All extracts were active against at least one of the Plasmodium falciparum strains in in vitro evaluations with IC50’s in the range of 4–116 μg/mL, whereas Bidens pilosa extracts, with a chemosuppression rate of 75%, was the most active plant in the in vivo experiments. All plant extracts displayed very weak to no cytotoxicity against the mammalian cell line used and exhibited very good selectivity towards the Plasmodium parasites. Syzygium guineense and Parinari congensis extracts were the most toxic in the acute toxicity tests. Altogether, the results indicate that the medicinal plants do possess impressive antiplasmodial properties and provide scientific basis for their use in traditional herbal medicine.

In Vitro Anti-Infective Screening Of Selected West African Medicinal Plants

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
VO Imieje ◽  
PS Fasinu ◽  
KO Ogbeide ◽  
NO Egiebor ◽  
A Falodun
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
West African

Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yafout ◽  
Amine Ousaid ◽  
Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani ◽  
Youssef Khayati ◽  
Amal Ait Haj Said
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Promising Source

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document