scholarly journals Trajectories of aquatic insect functional groups along the resistance/resilience axis when facing water flow changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Godoy ◽  
Francisco Valente Neto ◽  
Luciano Queiroz ◽  
Luis Holanda ◽  
Fabio Roque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Over Time

1. Understanding how differences in intensity and frequency of hydrological disturbances affect the resistance and resilience of aquatic organisms is key to manage aquatic systems in a fast-changing world. Organisms’ responses to environmental changes can be influenced by different life strategies. Some aquatic organisms have strategies that improve the permanence in aquatic systems, while others use strategies that enhance colonization. 2. Therefore, we carried out a manipulative experiment to understand the resistance/resilience of aquatic insects based on their functional characteristics to hydrological disturbances in streams in the Cerrado hotspot. 3. We placed 200 artificial substrates in five streams and submitted them to changing water flow regimes that differed both in frequency and intensity. Then we observed the response of the aquatic community for 39 days. We used a Hierarchical Bayesian strategy approach to estimate the probabilities of permanence and colonization of each life strategy group (nine groups). 4. We observe that the most intense changes in the water flow tend to affect the permanence of almost all groups. However, this effect was reduced in intensity over time. On the other hand, less frequent disturbances, regardless of intensity, tend to reduce the permanence of most groups of aquatic insects over time. The difference in the effect of disturbance regarding intensity (higher or lower) may be related to a greater dispersal capacity of some groups. 5. These results are worrisome in a scenario of reduced riparian vegetation around streams and with the expectation of precipitation to become more concentrated in shorter periods of time due to climate change in the Cerrado hotspot. Together, these anthropogenic changes tend to increase the effect of runoff on the lotic systems and, consequently, reduces the permanence of many groups of aquatic insects in their habitat, particularly those with traits associated with permanence.

The Effects of Environmental Changes Caused by Human Activities on the Biological Communities of the River Don (Azov Sea Basin)

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Volovik
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
River System ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Main River ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Don River ◽  
Average Water

The Don River is the main river system in the Azov Sea Basin. The average water flow is about 28 km3 per year. The biota of the river system is characterized by a rich vegetation and animal life including aquatic organisms. Great changes in the environment of the River Don have been observed since the period 1930 - 1960, when large numbers of dams were constructed, diverting water flow for heavy industry, energy production, agriculture and other uses. Simultaneously, water pollution increased. As a consequence, the biota of the region has been impacted negatively. Some of the detrimental effects are the decreased reproduction of commercially important fish species, and the much reduced catches of these fish. This report reviews the changes that have occurred in the ecosystem of the River Don Basin.

Radiocesium-bearing microparticles cause a large variation in 137Cs concentration in the aquatic insect, Stenopsyche marmorata, in the Ota River, Fukushima, Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Ishii ◽  
Hikaru Miura ◽  
Jaeick Jo ◽  
Hideki Tsuji ◽  
Rie Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Caddisfly Larvae ◽  
Fdnpp Accident ◽  
Food Particles

<p>Radiocesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs), which are insoluble, Cs-bearing, silicate glass particles, have been found in terrestrial and freshwater environments after the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident in Japan. Few studies have investigated the distribution of CsMPs in freshwater ecosystems and their uptake by aquatic organisms. In this study, we determined the uptake of CsMPs by aquatic insects in the Ota River in Fukushima. Although aquatic insects are usually measured for radioactivity in bulk samples of several tens of insects, we investigated the variability of <sup>137</sup>Cs concentration in individual aquatic insects, and the influence of CsMPs on them. Measurement of <sup>137</sup>Cs concentrations in detritivorous caddisfly (Stenopsyche marmorata) larvae and carnivorous dragonfly larvae showed that 3 of 47 caddisfly larvae had considerably higher radioactivity, whereas no such outliers were observed in dragonfly larvae. These caddisfly larvae were confirmed to contain the CsMPs emitted from Unit 2 of the FDNPP, using a scanning electron microscope and radioactivity measurements after isolation of the CsMPs. CsMPs were also found in potential food sources of caddisfly larvae, such as periphyton and drifting particulate organic matter, indicating that larvae may ingest CsMPs along with food particles of similar size. Our study demonstrated that CsMPs could be taken up by aquatic insects and possibly by the fish consuming them. The existence of CsMPs can result in sporadic, extremely high <sup>137</sup>Cs concentrations, and large variations in samples, and consequently obscure the actual transfer and temporal trends of <sup>137</sup>Cs in freshwater ecosystems.</p>

Preliminary Results on Aquatic Insects in the Me Linh Station for Biodiversity, Vinh Phuc Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Van Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Functional Feeding Groups ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Feeding Groups ◽  
Preliminary Results

An intensive field survey on aquatic insects of Me Linh Station for Biodiversity in Vinhphuc province was conducted in December 2015. Specimens were collected at 8 different sites and aquatic insects were collected both quantitatively by Surber net and qualitatively by hand net, pond net. As a result, a total of 110 aquatic insect species belonging to 98 genera, 49 families and 9 orders were recognized. Among these, the order Ephemeroptera had the highest species number with 26 species, followed by Odonata with 25 species, Trichoptera with 18 species, Coleoptera with 15 species, Hemiptera with 11 species, Diptera with 9 species. Lepidoptera, Plecoptera and Megaloptera had the lowest of species number, represented by 3 species of Lepidoptera, 2 species of Plecoptera and 1 species of Megaloptera. Besides, the quantitative analysis results and the functional feeding groups were provided.

Potential of arsenic bioremediation by a cyanobacterium isolated from the Salado River in the Atacama Desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Pablo Pérez-Portilla ◽  
Juan Araya ◽  
Karem Gallardo ◽  
Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña
Keyword(s):  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic ◽  
Salado River ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Cyanobacteria and microalgae are recognized as excellent metal(loid)s-bioremediators of aquatic systems. We isolated a cyanobacterium from the Salado River in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, which was identified as Cyanobium sp. Growth inhibition bioassays were conducted with arsenic and cadmium, and tolerance of Cyanobium to these metals was estimated. Removal of arsenic was assessed under different pH conditions and over time. We showed that the Cyanobium strain isolated from the Salado River has a greater tolerance to the arsenic and cadmium compounds than other species commonly used in metal(loid)s-bioremediation. Removal of up to 90% of arsenic was obtained in alkaline conditions, within the first 3 hours of exposure suggesting that Cyanobium sp. isolated from the Atacama Desert could be further studied with biotechnological purposes and to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of adaption to arid environments.

Spatial and seasonal variability of emergent aquatic insects and nearshore spiders in a subtropical estuary

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Zapata ◽  
S. Mažeika P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Insect Community ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Subtropical Estuary ◽  
Adult Aquatic Insects

Variability in the density and distribution of adult aquatic insects is an important factor mediating aquatic-to-terrestrial nutritional subsidies in freshwater ecosystems, yet less is understood about insect-facilitated subsidy dynamics in estuaries. We surveyed emergent (i.e. adult) aquatic insects and nearshore orb-weaving spiders of the families Tetragnathidae and Araneidae in a subtropical estuary of Florida (USA). Emergent insect community composition varied seasonally and spatially; densities were lower at high- than low-salinity sites. At high-salinity sites, emergent insects exhibited lower dispersal ability and a higher prevalence of univoltinism than low- and mid-salinity assemblages. Orb-weaving spider density most strongly tracked emergent insect density rates at low- and mid-salinity sites. Tetragnatha body condition was 96% higher at high-salinity sites than at low-salinity sites. Our findings contribute to our understanding of aquatic insect communities in estuarine ecosystems and indicate that aquatic insects may provide important nutritional subsidies to riparian consumers despite their depressed abundance and diversity compared with freshwater ecosystems.

In vitro infection experiments with eggs of the nematode Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 (sensu lato) targeting aquatic insect larvae (Odonata: Coenagrionidae and Libellulidae; Trichoptera: Integripalpia) as possible intermediate hosts

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Dziekońska-Rynko ◽  
Jerzy Rokicki ◽  
Katarzyna Mierzejewska
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Contracaecum Rudolphii ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Aquatic Insect Larvae

AbstractThe availability of aquatic insects (Odonata: Coenagrionidae, Libellulidae and Trichoptera: Integripalpia) as potential intermediate hosts for the nematode Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 sensu lato was studied under laboratory conditions. The infective material consisted of nematode eggs, newly hatched larvae, as well as in vitro infected cyclopoid copepods. High prevalence and intensity of infection associated with a low mortality of aquatic insect larvae suggests that they may serve as intermediate hosts for C. rudolphii and constitute a major reservoir of C. rudolphii larvae in aquatic habitats.

scholarly journals Impact of Methoxychlor on Selected Nontarget Organisms in a Riffle of the Souris River, Manitoba

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sebastien ◽  
Reinhart A. Brust ◽  
David M. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Life Cycle Stage ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Invertebrate Drift ◽  
Insect Community ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
High Propensity

The insecticide methoxychlor was applied at 300 μg∙L−1 for 15 min to a riffie on the Souris River, located about 18 km downstream from Souris, Manitoba. Physical, chemical, and biological variables were measured and aquatic insect community structure was monitored using drift, emergence trap, and artificial substrate samplers. All taxa monitored, irrespective of functional feeding group, drifted catastrophically for 4–24 h immediately following methoxychlor addition. Different species demonstrated varying abilities to recoionize artificial substrates following treatment. Species having a high propensity to drift naturally, recolonized most rapidly. Taxa that required the longest period to recoionize following methoxychlor treatment were generally univoltine, had a low propensity to drift, and a limited ability to disperse as adults. Impact of methoxychlor was influenced by the prevalent life-cycle stage of some species at the time of treatment. Catostomus commersoni fry and juvenile Orconectes virilis were more sensitive to methoxychlor than previous research on mature individuals has indicated. Invertebrate drift appeared to be more sensitive to pesticide treatment than benthic invertebrates on artificial substrates. Species richness and total numbers of drift were significantly reduced for at least 33 d following treatment, whereas richness and numbers on artificial substrates were significantly lower for only 4 and 8 d, respectively.

scholarly journals Lake water dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics revealed from monthly measurements of radiocarbon in the Fuji Five Lakes, Japan

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ota ◽  
Yusuke Yokoyama ◽  
Yosuke Miyairi ◽  
Shinya Yamamoto ◽  
Toshihiro Miyajima
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Human Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Reservoir Age

Lakes are sensitive recorders of anthropogenic activities, as human society often develops in their vicinity. Lake sediments thus have been widely used to reconstruct the history of environmental changes in the past, anthropogenic, or otherwise, and radiocarbon dating provides chronological control of the samples. However, specific values of radiocarbon in different carbon reservoirs due to the different pathways of radiocarbon from the upper atmosphere to the lake, called the radiocarbon reservoir age, is always difficult to evaluate because of dynamic processes in and around lakes. There are few systematic studies on radiocarbon reservoir ages for lakes owing to the complex radiocarbon transfer processes for lakes. Here, we investigate lake waters of the Fuji Five Lakes with monthly monitoring of the radiocarbon reservoir effects. Radiocarbon from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for groundwater and river water is also measured, with resulting concentrations (Δ14C) at their lowest at Lake Kawaguchi in August 2018 (–122.4 ± 3.2‰), and at their highest at Lake Motosu in January 2019 (–22.4 ± 2.5‰), despite a distance of 25 km. However, winter values in both lakes show similar trends of rising Δ14C (about 20‰). Our lake water DIC Δ14C results are compared to previously published records obtained from sediments in Lake Motosu and Lake Kawaguchi. These suggest that total organic carbon and compound-specific radiocarbon found in sediments are heavily influenced by summer blooms of aquatic organisms that fix DIC in water. Thus, future studies to conduct similar analyses at the various lakes would be able to provide further insights into the carbon cycle around inland water, namely understanding the nature of radiocarbon reservoir ages.

scholarly journals Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Schreuder ◽  
Francisca C. Velkers ◽  
Alex Bossers ◽  
Ruth J. Bouwstra ◽  
Willem F. de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Over Time

Associations between animal health and performance, and the host’s microbiota have been recently established. In poultry, changes in the intestinal microbiota have been linked to housing conditions and host development, but how the intestinal microbiota respond to environmental changes under farm conditions is less well understood. To gain insight into the microbial responses following a change in the host’s immediate environment, we monitored four indoor flocks of adult laying chickens three times over 16 weeks, during which two flocks were given access to an outdoor range, and two were kept indoors. To assess changes in the chickens’ microbiota over time, we collected cloacal swabs of 10 hens per flock and performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The poultry house (i.e., the stable in which flocks were housed) and sampling time explained 9.2 and 4.4% of the variation in the microbial community composition of the flocks, respectively. Remarkably, access to an outdoor range had no detectable effect on microbial community composition, the variability of microbiota among chickens of the same flock, or microbiota richness, but the microbiota of outdoor flocks became more even over time. Fluctuations in the composition of the microbiota over time within each poultry house were mainly driven by turnover in rare, rather than dominant, taxa and were unique for each flock. We identified 16 amplicon sequence variants that were differentially abundant over time between indoor and outdoor housed chickens, however none were consistently higher or lower across all chickens of one housing type over time. Our study shows that cloacal microbiota community composition in adult layers is stable following a sudden change in environment, and that temporal fluctuations are unique to each flock. By exploring microbiota of adult poultry flocks within commercial settings, our study sheds light on how the chickens’ immediate environment affects the microbiota composition.

scholarly journals Aquatic insects are dramatically underrepresented in genomic research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Hotaling ◽  
Joanna L. Kelley ◽  
Paul B. Frandsen
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Insect Genome ◽  
Terrestrial Insect ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Terrestrial Insects ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractAquatic insects comprise 10% of all insect diversity, can be found on every continent except Antarctica, and are key components of freshwater ecosystems. Yet aquatic insect genome biology lags dramatically behind that of terrestrial insects. If genomic effort was spread evenly, one aquatic insect genome would be sequenced for every ∼9 terrestrial insect genomes. Instead, ∼24 terrestrial insect genomes have been sequenced for every aquatic insect genome. This discrepancy is even more dramatic if the quality of genomic resources is considered; for instance, while no aquatic insect genome has been assembled to the chromosome level, 29 terrestrial insect genomes spanning four orders have. We argue that a lack of aquatic insect genomes is not due to any underlying difficulty (e.g., small body sizes or unusually large genomes) yet it is severely hampering aquatic insect research at both fundamental and applied scales. By expanding the availability of aquatic insect genomes, we will gain key insight into insect diversification and empower future research for a globally important taxonomic group.Simple SummaryAquatic insects comprise 10% of all insect diversity, can be found on every continent except Antarctica, and are key components of freshwater ecosystems. Yet aquatic insect genome biology lags dramatically behind that of terrestrial insects. If genomic effort was spread evenly, one aquatic insect genome would be sequenced for every ∼9 terrestrial insect genomes. Instead, ∼24 terrestrial insect genomes have been sequenced for every aquatic insect genome. We argue that the limited availability of aquatic insect genomes is not due to practical limitations—e.g., small body sizes or overly complex genomes—but instead reflects a lack of research interest. We call for targeted efforts to expand the availability of aquatic insect genomic resources to gain key molecular insight into insect diversification and empower future research.

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