STUDY OF CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND PRESENT IN TUBE-WELL WATER SAMPLE OF NIPANI TOWN AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH

Landfill leachate is a hazardous pollutant generated from a landfill site. Discharge of landfill leachate has caused a major contamination to the environment and detrimental to human health. This chapter introduces an alternative method to treat recalcitrant pollutant in leachate by using ozonation with catalyst. The production of hydroxyl radical in ozonation was not enough to oxidize complex molecular structure in the leachate. Theoretically, the addition of catalyst enhances the capacity of radical and accelerates the chemical reaction. The effectiveness of ozonation with Fenton (O3/Fenton), hydrogen peroxide (O3/H2O2), and zirconium tetrachloride (O3/ZrCl4) in removing pollutant such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and improvement of biodegradability by using this process were also discussed in this chapter. Comparison in term of treatment cost and benefits of the application of chemical as catalyst are briefly elaborated at the end of this chapter.

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Assessment of Soil Quality Irrigated with Tube Well Water at University Fadama Farm Jega, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero

Asian Soil Research Journal ◽

10.9734/asrj/2019/v2i230048 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

M. A. Augie ◽

M. A. Adegbite ◽

A. R. Sanda ◽

I. Ahmed ◽

M. Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Water Sample ◽

Soil Sample ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Science And Technology ◽

Well Water ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

State University ◽

Tube Well

A research was conducted on the soils of teaching and research fadama farm of Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero located at Jega, with the aim of assessing the soil quality irrigated with tube well water of the study area. The entire University Fadama land was divided into three sections namely T1, T2 and T3 and from each section, three (3) composite soil samples were collected. Each soil sample was collected 2meters away from a tubewell where water sample was also collected. Three (3) samples of the tube well water were collected from the three demarcated areas T1, T2 and T3, making a total of nine (9) samples. These samples were collected in a clean 75cl water bottle provided with a cap. Each water sample was analysed for pH, total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K). Soil sample was analyzed for pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus. Result obtained showed that pH was 7.2, TDS 2.55 mg/l, EC 0.25 µs/cm, SAR 1.35, Mg 90.25, K 1.43 and RSC -3.8. Soil analysis showed that organic carbon content was 0.75 g/kg, total nitrogen 0.06 g/kg, Phosphorus 0.65 g/kg and CEC ranged 6.96-7.32 cmol(+)/kg. The study showed that soil in the area were low in fertility, therefore fertilizer of both organic and inorganic should be supplemented to make the soils more fertile. The soils were found to be free from salinity/sodicity problems at least for now.

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Manganese in potable water of nine districts, Bangladesh: Human health risk

10.21203/rs.3.rs-219919/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Aminur Rahman ◽

Md. Abul Hashem ◽

Md. Sohel Rana ◽

Md. Rashidul Islam

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Human Health ◽

Water Samples ◽

Potable Water ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

World Health ◽

Well Water ◽

Tube Well ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Safe drinking water is directly linked to good human health. An excessive amount of manganese (Mn) in drinking water supplies causes people show symptoms of neurotoxicity. In this study, the level of Mn in potable water sourced from tube wells located in 9 (nine) districts of Bangladesh was monitored. In total 170 (one hundred and seventy) water samples were collected and Mn was quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The levels of Mn found in the tube well water samples of Sirajganj, Meherpur, Chuadanga, Jhenaidah, Magura, Faridpur, Jashore, Satkhira, and Khulna were 0.37–1.86, 0.10–4.11, 0.30–0.76, 0.26–0.94, 0.01–0.18, 0.21–1.78, 0.08–1.23, 0.05–0.27 and 0.01–2.11 mg/L, respectively. Results revealed that Mn level was beyond the highest contaminated levels of 0.1 mg/L and 0.4 mg/L, which are recommended by Bangladesh Drinking Standard (BDS) and World Health Organization (WHO), respectively. The maximum Mn contaminated level reached up to 4.11 mg/L (mean: 0.53 mg/L). The Mn level in tube well water exceeded 51.1% and 75.9% set by the recommended value of WHO and BDS, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated hazard quotient (HQ) value for Mn was observed to be greater than unity, indicating both children and adults risked potential non-carcinogenic health issues. The water supply authorities should take steps to provide Mn-free drinking water for communities.

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Salinity-induced fluorescent dissolved organic matter influence co-contamination, quality and risk to human health of tube well water, southeast coastal Bangladesh

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 275 ◽

pp. 130053 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Mahbub Kabir ◽

Samia Akter ◽

Farah Tasneem Ahmed ◽

Mohammad Mohinuzzaman ◽

Md. Didar-ul-Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Human Health ◽

Well Water ◽

Coastal Bangladesh ◽

Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Tube Well

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Assessment of Drain Water Used for Irrigation in the Delhi Region

Journal of Health and Pollution ◽

10.5696/2156-9614-10.26.200610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (26) ◽

pp. 200610 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deepak Gola ◽

Arghya Bhattacharya ◽

Priyadarshini Dey ◽

Anushree Malik ◽

Shaikh Ziauddin Ahammad

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Human Health ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Drain Water ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Multiple Heavy Metals

Background. Industries such as electroplating, mining and battery production are major sources of heavy metal-rich waste entering nearby water bodies. Irrigation with heavy metal contaminated water can deteriorate soil quality as well as agricultural produce and have further toxic effects on human health. Objectives. The objective of the present study was to estimate the concentration of hazardous heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb), as well as physico-chemical variables (pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen) at sampling locations along the Najafgarh and Loha mandi drains in Delhi, National Capital Region, India. Methods. The present study evaluated the quality of wastewater from the Najafgarh and Loha mandi drains, which are used for irrigational purposes in the Delhi region. Drain water quality was monitored for a period of 2 years for physico-chemical variables (pH, chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen) as well as heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb). The two-year monitoring period (July 2012–March 2014) was chosen to represent three seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon. Results. Varied concentrations of multiple heavy metals were found due to the extensive discharge of untreated industrial effluents into the drain water. Punjabi Bagh of Najafgarh drain was the most contaminated sampling site with the maximum concentration of Zn (12.040 ± 0.361 mg L−1), followed by Cr (2.436 ± 0.073mg L−1) and Cu (2.617 ± 0.078 mg L−1). Conclusions. Consumption of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural products can cause deleterious human health effects, leading to further health problems. The presence of multi-heavy metal ions above the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) permissible limits indicated that drain water was not suitable for irrigational purposes, and adequate measures are required to remove the heavy metal load from drain water. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Temperature Present in Tube Well Water Sample of Nipani Town

International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture ◽

10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4013.f9czz ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Water Sample ◽

Well Water ◽

Tube Well

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Assessment of Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Well Water Samples in Ido Community, Nigeria

Microbiology Research Journal International ◽

10.9734/mrji/2021/v31i130284 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

N. P. Akani ◽

L. O. Amadi ◽

I. M. Amafina

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Water Samples ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Well Water ◽

Bacteriological Quality

This study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of well water samples in Ido community. Thirty water samples were collected from five different wells ( six samples from each well) and subjected to standard microbiological and physicochemical analysis. All physicochemical properties showed difference (p<0.05) in all the wells analyzed except temperature and turbidity. Temperature ranged between 25.3±3.50C and 26±2.350C; pH, 6.3±0.7 and 6.9±0.3; electrical conductivity, 127.6±1.9 and 157.8±7.7μs/cm; total suspended solids, 25.2±8.9 and 53.2±1.8mg/l; turbidity, 0.15±0.7 and 1.20±1.4NTU; dissolved oxygen, 4.40±2.8 and 5.35±2.1 mg/l; Biological Oxygen Demand, 9.40±2.8 and15.4±2.8mg/l; Chemical Oxygen Demand, 177.2±1.6 and 260.3±1.6mg/l; chloride, 59.8±8.5 and 101.2±2.6mg/l and total hardness, 246.6±1.9 and 395.6±2.7mg/l. All values fell within WHO standards except Chemical Oxygen Demand (WHO Standard 40mg/l) and total hardness (WHO Standard 100mg/l). Results of microbial population did not show any difference (p>0.05) across the wells. However, Total Heterotrophic Bacteria ranged from 2.15±0.91×104 to 5.3±0.86×104cfu/ml; total coliform, 3.00±0.77×104 to 6.18±0.73×104 cfu/ml; Total feacal coliform, 2.61±0.71×104 to 4.39±0.76×104 cfu/ml; Total vibrio count, 2.68±0.81× 103 to 4.4±0.86×103 cfu/ml; Total salmonella shigella count. 2.02±0.84×103 to 4.8±0.95×103 cfu/ml. Total coliform bacteria ranged from 220 to > 1600 coliform MPN index /100ml-1, while thermo tolerant coliform bacteria ranged from 220 to 1600 coliform MPN index /100ml-1. A total of forty bacterial isolates belonging to ten genera were identified. They include species of Bacillus 22 (26.4%), Staphylococcus 14(16.8%), Vibrio 13(15.7%), Serratia 6(7.3%), Enterobacter 6(7.3%), Chromobacterium 4(4.8%), Salmonella 4 (4.9%), Shigella 4(4.8%) and E. coli 4(4.8%). This result highlights the fact that well water in Ido community are not safe microbiologically for drinking without additional treatment such as boiling or disinfection and this could lead to outbreak of water borne diseases. Good and proper environmental and personal hygiene is advocate especially by the users of those wells to prevent their contamination with bacterial pathogens.

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Appraisal of Heavy Metal Presence and Water Quality having Microbial Load and Associated Human Health Risk: A study on tube-well water in Nalitabari township of Sherpur district, Bangladesh

Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources ◽

10.33002/nr2581.6853.040204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 48-64

Author(s):

Md. Rayhan Ali ◽

Md. Omar Faruque ◽

Md. Tarikul Islam ◽

Md. Tarek Molla ◽

Md. Shakir Ahammed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Fecal Coliforms ◽

Plate Count ◽

Well Water ◽

Heterotrophic Plate Count ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Physiochemical Parameters ◽

Tube Well

This article is based on a study aimed to determine physiochemical parameters, fecal coliform, total coliforms, heterotrophic plate count, arsenic, iron and lead of water to evaluate their effects on human health. Analysis was carried out on tube-well water collected from Nalitabari township of Sherpur District in Bangladesh. The dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity and electrical conductivity were in the ranges of 4.30 to 7.30 ppm, 350 to 792 mg/l, 0.2 to 0.5%, and 715 to 1,970 μS/cm. The pH values were slightly lesser or more than permissible value. Due to the vicinity to the latrines, 17 tube-wells’ water was contaminated by fecal coliforms. The highest heterotrophic plate count was 7.5×103 cfu/ml in ward-8 of the town. Eschericia coli and Vibrio cholerae were identified in ratio of 30.56% and 18.06%, respectively, in the tube-well water, resulting into diarrhea among children. About 6.94% of tube-well water was contaminated with arsenic. 3.25% and 4.5% respondents were suffering from skin diseases and headache, respectively. So, an alternative source of drinking water should be arranged for a better public health of present and next generations.

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