scholarly journals Bioactivity of extracts of Centaurea polyclada dc. (Asteraceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Granger ◽  
Emilie Samson ◽  
Severine Sauvage ◽  
Anisha Majumdar ◽  
Poonam Nigam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

The free radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity, and brine shrimp toxicity of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Centaurea polyclada, an endemic Turkish species, were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtiter plate-based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. The DCM and MeOH extracts of C. polyclada exhibited free radical-scavenging ability with RC50 values 1.17 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively. Among solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the fraction eluted with 60% MeOH in water demonstrated the highest level of free radical-scavenging activity (RC50 = 0.016 mg/mL). Only the DCM extract showed considerable antibacterial activity against all nine test strains except Escherichia coli, with MIC ranging from 1.25 to 2.50 mg/mL. This antibacterial activity pattern was also observed with solid-phase extraction fractions of the DCM extract with varied potencies. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps (LD50 = >1.00 mg/mL).

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Rumex obtusifolius (Polygonaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Harshaw ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Brahmachari Vadla ◽  
Gadria Saif-E-Naser ◽  
Satyajit Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Rumex Obtusifolius ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

Rumex obtusifolius L. (Polygonaceae), commonly known as 'broad-leaf dock', is one of the most common Irish wayside weeds, and it also occurs in silage fields, on river banks, in ditches and on waste grounds. The ethnobotanical uses of this species include its use as an antidote to nettle, depurative, astringent, laxative, and tonic, and in the treatment of sores, blisters, burns, cancer and tumors. The bioactivities of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of the leaves of R. obtusifolius were assessed using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the newly developed micro-titer-based antimicrobial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and the brine shrimp lethality assay. The most potent free radical scavenging activity was displayed by the MeOH extract with a RC50 value of 7.80 x 10-2 mg/mL. Among the fractions obtained from solid-phase extraction (SPE) of the MeOH extract, the 50% aqueous methanolic SPE fraction exhibited the highest levels of free radical scavenging property (RC50 = 1.05 x 10-2 mg/mL). While the n-hexane extract did not show any antibacterial activity at test concentrations, the DCM extract was active only against Escherichia coli. However, the MeOH extract as well as the 50% and 80% SPE fractions of the MeOH extract showed significant antibacterial property against all bacterial strains tested. None of the extracts or fractions exhibited any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanol Extract of Urtica Crenulata

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
M. S. Rana ◽  
M. M. Zaman ◽  
S. A. Uddin ◽  
R. Akter
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Stem Extract

The antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of Urtica crenulata (syn: Laportea crenulata Gaud) stem has been investigated in the present study. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Urtica crenulata methanol extract were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the plant extract (500 μg/disc) was also carried out by disc diffusion technique. Stem extract showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging effect compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 value of ascorbic acid and stem extract was found 14.72 μg/ml and 1468.9 μg/ml, respectively. In antibacterial experiment, Urtica crenulata stem extract showed 8, 14 and 10 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, respectively and 9 and 8 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus but no activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 value of the extract was found 104.0 μg/ml, which indicates that the extract has high cytoxic effect. The present study demonstrates that methanol extract of Urtica crenulata stem has significant cytotoxic effect. The extract also showed some moderate antibacterial and minimum significant antioxidant effects.  Keywords: Urtica crenulata;  Antioxidant; Antibacterial; Cytotoxic; BHT. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872             J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 169-177 (2010) 

Composition of Dithyrea wislizenii fruit extract and free-radical scavenging activity of its constituents

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 652-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Montaut ◽  
Julie Grandbois ◽  
Laura S. Rossi ◽  
Sonia Kamal ◽  
James Khouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Glucolesquerellin (2), glucohesperin (3), quercetin 3-O-sophoroside (4), and quercetin 3-O-sophoroside-7-O-glucoside (5), isolated from the fruit of Dithyrea wislizenii , were quantified by HPLC. The fruit extract and flavonoids were not found to be toxic by using a brine shrimp lethality assay. The fruit extract and the flavonoids and glucosinolates were submitted to a free-radical scavenging activity assay with the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•). The concentration of quercetin (6) (a positive control for the flavonoids) able to scavenge 50% of DPPH• (SC50) was 32 ± 2 µmol/L (or 4 ± 1 µg/mL), which was about 27 times more potent than the crude extract. Compounds 4 and 5 had a SC50, the concentration of the compound required to scavenge 50% of the DPPH•, of 78 ± 1 µmol/L and 113 ± 10 µmol/L, respectively. The positive control for the glucosinolates, glucoraphasatin, (1) had a SC50 of 1768 ± 60 µmol/L. The glucosinolates 2 and 3 had a SC50 of 7819 ± 1968 and 970 ± 63 µmol/L, respectively.

scholarly journals Solid-phase extraction of antioxidant compounds from commercial cranberry extract and its antiradical activity

2007 ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Tumbas ◽  
Sonja Djilas ◽  
Jasna Canadanovic-Brunet ◽  
Gordana Cetkovic ◽  
Sladjana Savatovic
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Spin Resonance

This study is concerned with the fractionation and determination of major antioxidant compounds (phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and vitamin C) in commercial cranberry extract. The total content of phenolics, flavonoids and total and monomers of anthocyanins, determined spectrophotometrically, was 1.67 mg/g, 0.41 mg/g, 5.12 mg/g and 3.32 mg/g. The content of vitamin C, determined volumetrically, was 121.74 mg/g. Commercial cranberry extract was dissolved in 80 % acetone and the solution was fractionated using solid phase extraction (SPE) in order to abstract vitamin C, neutral and acidic phenols. The free radical scavenging activity of the cranberry extract and its fractions was investigated on stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reactive hydroxyl radicals employing electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The most effective fractions were those containing vitamin C (AADPPH= AAOH=100%), neutral (AADPPH=89.50% and AAOH=43.11%) and acidic (AADPPH=83.98% and AAOH=38.58%) phenols. The presence of vitamin C, abstracted from cranberry extract, was determined by Fe(III)-mediated ascorbate oxidation which yields characteristic ESR doublet spectrum of ascorbyl radical.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Centaurea persica boiss. (Asteraceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyajit Sarker ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Srikanth Gujja ◽  
Shazi Begum ◽  
Sezgin Celik
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The free-radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Centaurea persica, a Turkish medicinal plant, were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtiter plate based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. Additionally, the disc diffusion assay was also used to assess antibacterial activity. Only the MeOH extract of C. persica exhibited a significant free-radical-scavenging property in the DPPH assay, with an RC50 value of 0.025 mg/mL. However, in the TLC-based qualitative assay, petroleum ether and DCM extracts showed an extremely low level of free-radical-scavenging property. Among the solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the fractions eluted with 60% and 80% MeOH in water exhibited the highest level of free-radicalscavenging activity (RC50 = 0.010 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively). While DCM extract showed reasonable antibacterial activity against five out of the nine test strains both in the disc diffusion assay and in the resazurin assay, the MeOH extract was highly active against both Escherichia coli and ampicillin-resistant E. coli strains. Among the solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, fractions eluted with 80% MeOH in water and 100% MeOH displayed significant antibacterial potencies against both E. coli species. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps (LD50 = >1.00 mg/mL).

scholarly journals Preliminary Free Radical Scavenging, Brine Shrimp Lethality, Antimicrobial and Thrombolytic Activities of Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K. Schum.

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Chandra Dey ◽  
Mohammd Firoz Khan ◽  
Mohammad S Rahman ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality

Bangladesh is a good repository of natural products. Numerous plants are available to facilitate the traditional treatments. Proper scientific evaluations are essential to explore the plant derived drugs. With this view, the crude methanol extract of leaves of Aganosma dichotoma (Roth) K. Schum. and its Kupchan fractions were screened for free radical scavenging, brine shrimp lethality, antimicrobial and thrombolytic activities. Among all extractives, the chloroform soluble fraction demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value 18.21 ?g/ml. Moreover, the chloroform soluble fraction showed significant brine shrimp lethality having LC50 value of 3.98 ?g/ml. On the other hand, the petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform soluble materials revealed mild to moderate antimicrobial activity with the zone of inhibition ranging from 7 to 14 mm. In the thrombolytic assay, the carbon tetrachloride soluble partitionate showed the highest clot lysis (30.48%). This is the first report of the comprehensive investigations of different extractives of A. dichotoma for the abovementioned bioassays. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i2.22337 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17(2): 177-181, 2014

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF CUCURBITA PEPO VAR. FASTIGATA SEED EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
ROSHNI RS SONI ◽  
MANOJ BALI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antifungal Potential

Objective: The current study aims to study the antioxidant and antimicrobial and antifungal potential of the methanolic extract of Cucurbita pepo var. fastigata seeds (MECS). Methods: Extraction of the seeds has been carried out with solvents of increasing polarity (chloroform, acetone, and methanol) and the phytochemical study of the methanolic extract have been carried out using standard methods. The free radical scavenging activity of all the extracts was evaluated by DPPH and H2O2 methods. Standard disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antibacterial and antifungal activities. Results: Phytochemical evaluation showed the maximum presence of triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins and small amount of Coumarins. Methanolic extract revealed momentous antioxidant activity as compared to chloroform and ethyl acetate extract. Hence, methanolic extract of C. pepo. seeds (MECS) at a dose level of 100, 200 and 300 μg/ml was evaluated for antioxidant potential. Maximum free radical scavenging activity of methanolic seed extract of cucurbita pepo var. fastigata has been found at a dose of 300 μg/ml to be 63±0.16 % by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl model and at a value of 78% at 300 μg/ml with H2O2 model. Methanolic extract also showed the presence of antibacterial activity. Conclusion: Presence of phytochemicals in the methanolic extract is responsible for the antioxidant potential. Extracts were investigated for antibacterial activity using the standard disc diffusion assay method against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and for the antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The seed extract showed the presence of antibacterial activity, but the antifungal activity was found to be absent in the extract.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Antioxidant Potential of a Novel Flavone “6,7,4′-Trimethyl Flavone” Isolated from Wulfenia amherstiana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Maria Kakar ◽  
Muhammad Usman Amin ◽  
Saad Alghamdi ◽  
Muhammad Umar Khayam Sahibzada ◽  
Nisar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Wulfenia amherstiana belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family and various plants of this family are known for their biological activities. The present study was focused on the isolation of bioactive compounds including a novel flavone 6,7,4′-trimethyl flavone (TMF) along with three known flavonoids such as quercetin, rutin, and a steroid β-sitosterol which were isolated from the ethanolic extract of W. amherstiana (Himalayan Wulfenia) through column chromatography and purified by using HPLC. Their structures were identified and elucidated through electron ionization mass spectroscopy (EIMS), 1DNMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), and 2DNMR (COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of this novel compound were evaluated through agar well diffusion method, while antioxidant and cytotoxic activities were assessed through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging assay and brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. The NMR data revealed that TMF is a novel compound. TMF showed potential antibacterial and antifungal activities against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 128 μg/ml) and Candida albicans (MIC = 128 μg/ml). The cytotoxic potential of TMF was determined from brine shrimp lethality assay with LD50 of 127.01 μg/ml. The free-radical scavenging potential of TMF at various concentrations implicated its strong antioxidant activity in vitro. The results revealed that TMF demonstrated substantial antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans, strong antioxidant activity, and moderately cytotoxic activity.

scholarly journals Investigation of cytotoxicity and in-vitro antioxidant activity of Asparagus racemosus root extract

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ismail Hossain ◽  
Farzana Anwar Sharmin ◽  
Sadika Akhter ◽  
Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Mohammad Shahriar
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Scavenging Activity

This attempt is made to address the phytoconstituents, free radical scavenging activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of five different extracts of Asparagus racemosus roots. Preliminary phytochemical examination of the crude extracts of Asparagus racemosus root disclosed the existence of different sort of chemical groups such as flavonoids, tannin, saponin, alkaloids, carbohydrate. The root displayed significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with highest IC50 value showed by ethanol extract with a value of 78.15 µg/ml followed by methanol and petroleum ether having value of 106.44 µg/ml and 273.31 µg/ml respectively as opposed to that of the scavenging effects of ascorbic acid and BHT of 5.698 µg/ml and 8.816 µg/ml respectively. The highest reducing power was showed by ethanol extract followed by methanol and petroleum ether as opposed to that of the reducing potential of ascorbic acid and BHT. The fractions represented good cupric reducing capacity with increasing concentration taking ethanol extract in the top position. The ethanol extract yielded 108.78±2.77 mg/gm gallic acid equivalent phenolic content and methanol sub-fraction yielded 164.77±1.73 mg/gm quercetin equivalent flavonoid content that was highest among five extracts. Ethanol extract of Asparagus racemosus was found to possess the highest total antioxidant capacity (639.925±64.78) mg/gm followed by methanol (616.92±53.88) mg/gm and petroleum ether (469.17±52.95) mg/gm ascorbic acid equivalent respectively. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, LC50 values for ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether, n-hexane and chloroform were found to be 0.674 µg/ml, 0.719 µg/ml, 0.984 µg/ml, 2.157µg/ml and 1.514 µg/ml respectively. N-hexane and chloroform extract showed least activity in all the measures. The results suggest that Asparagus racemosus is a valuable source  of antioxidant and has significant cytotoxic activity hence could eliminate many diseases related to free radical.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11615 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 250-257 

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