scholarly journals Embryo development and corresponding factors affecting in vitro germination of Cymbidium faberi × C. sinense hybrid seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengtong Li ◽  
Jianzhong Bao ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
Chungui Liu ◽  
Hui Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Storage Materials ◽  
Globular Stage ◽  
Hybrid Seeds

A better understanding of embryo development would provide insights into seed quality and subsequent germination events in the interspecific hybridization of Cymbidium faberi ?Jiepeimei? ? C. sinense ?Qijianheimo?. At the mature stage, 26.1% of the ovules were abnormal. Most of the hybrid embryos could develop normally. Abortions mainly occurred at the zygote (9.5%) and 2-4-celled embryo (15.1%) stages. No germination was observed at 90 and 105 days after pollination (DAP), when the embryo was at the early globular stage, with abundant organelles but no storage materials. During 110-130 DAP, the globular embryo was formed and the starch grains began to accumulate in plastids. The hybrid seeds collected at 120 DAP showed initiation of germination. Germination significantly increased at 135 DAP and was maximal at 150 DAP, during which period the hybrid embryos developed into the late globular stage. The storage materials, i.e. lipid and protein bodies, began to accumulate and the filamentary structures derived from suspensor cells still persisted. After the seeds matured (160 DAP), the germination percentage declined sharply. Safranin staining revealed that the outer seed coat was totally cuticularized and the inner seed coat appeared as a cuticle layer enclosing the embryo proper tightly, which may be the main factor inhibiting the subsequent germination of hybrid seeds. In conclusion, 150 DAP should be the opportune time for the in vitro germination of C. faberi ?Jiepeimei? ? C. sinense ?Qijianheimo? hybrid seeds.

IN VITRO GERMINATION AND CALLUS FORMATION IN PINEAPPLE HYBRID SEEDS (ANANAS COMOSUS (L.) Merr.)

1997 ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Benega ◽  
M. Isidrón ◽  
E. Arias ◽  
A. Cisneros ◽  
J. Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Hybrid Seeds

scholarly journals Effect of drying, pelliculation and storage on the physiological quality of eggplant seeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natassia Zamariola ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Antônio Augusto Gomes ◽  
Michelle Fonseca Jácome ◽  
Leandro Vilela Reis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
And Storage

The use of methods and technologies such as drying and film coating can bring significant contributions to the farmer. This experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of drying and film coating on the physiological quality of eggplant seeds during storage. Hybrid seeds UGA MS1 produced by the company Hortiagro - Ijaci, MG were used. Seeds were subjected to two types of drying: slow (room temperature) and quick (oven with forced air circulation at 35 ºC). The chemical treatment was performed with the Captan product at a dose of 250 grams per 100 kilograms of seed and for the recoating were used three doses of polymer: (0, 3 and 6 mL.kg-1 of seeds). The physiological quality of seeds was evaluated every three months until reaching the period of nine months using germination test, seedling emergence test and seedling establishment. There is a reduction of physiological seed quality during the storage. The slow drying of eggplant seeds results in better quality seeds. The use of polymer reduces the germination percentage, germination speed index and the percentage of seedling emergence.

scholarly journals The influence of light spectra, UV-A, and growth regulators on the in vitro seed germination of Senecio cineraria DC.

Revista CERES ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Pimentel Victório ◽  
Nina Cláudia Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Maria Apparecida Esquibel ◽  
Alice Sato
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
White Light ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of light spectra, additional UV-A, and different growth regulators on the in vitro germination of Senecio cineraria DC. Seeds were surface-sterilized and inoculated in MS medium to evaluate the following light spectra: white, white plus UV-A, blue, green, red or darkness. The maximum germinability was obtained using MS0 medium under white light (30%) and MS + 0.3 mg L-1 GA3 in the absence of light (30.5%). S. cineraria seeds were indifferent to light. Blue and green lights inhibited germination. Different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.1; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1) and indole-3-acetic acid IAA (0.1; 0.3 and 1.0 mg L-1) were evaluated under white light and darkness. No concentration of GA3 enhanced seed germination percentage under white light. However, when the seeds were maintained in darkness, GA3 improved germination responses in all tested concentrations, except at 1.0 mg L-1. Under white light, these concentrations also increased the germination time and reduced germination rate. Germination rate, under light or darkness, was lower using IAA compared with GA3.

scholarly journals Embryo Development of Cypripedium formosanum in Relation to Seed Germination In Vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-I Lee ◽  
Nean Lee ◽  
Edward C. Yeung ◽  
Mei-Chu Chung
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Zygotic Embryogenesis ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Significant Difference

This investigation documents the key anatomical features in embryo development of Cypripedium formosanum Hayata, in association with the ability of embryos to germinate in vitro, and examines the effects of culture media and seed pretreatments on seed germination. A better understanding of zygotic embryogenesis for the Cypripedium L. species would provide insights into subsequent germination events and aid in the in vitro propagation of these endangered species. In seeds collected at 60 days after pollination (DAP), soon after fertilization, no germination was recorded. The best overall germination was found at 90 DAP (≈70%), at which time early globular to globular embryos with a single-celled suspensors can be observed. After 135 DAP, the seeds germinated poorly. At this time the inner integument shrinks and forms a tight layer, which encloses the embryo, the so-called “carapace.” Using Nile red stain, a cuticular substance was detected in the carapace, which may play a role in the impermeability of the mature seed and may help the seeds survive in the stringent environment. At maturity (after 210 DAP), the embryo proper has an average size of eight cells along its length and six cells across the width. Lipids and proteins are the main storage products within the embryo. To improve seed germination, experiments were conducted to test the suitability of various media and pretreatments of seeds. When different media were used, except for the Harvais medium at 120 DAP, there was no significant difference in seed germination at three different developmental stages tested. Soaking mature seeds in 1% NaOCl or treating them with ultrasound may slightly increase the germination percentage. For seed germination, our results indicate that the timing of seed collection outweighs the composition of medium and the seed pretreatments.

scholarly journals Invitro germination of Bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.) seeds for clonal propagation

2020 ◽  
pp. 449-453
Author(s):  
INDHUMATHI K
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Aegle marmelos, commonly known as Bael, is one of the most important medicinal plants of Indian tradition. All parts of the tree viz. leaf, fruit, bark and root have medicinal properties and have been used in many traditional medicine systems. The present study trial has been taken up at Horticultural College & Research Institute, Coimbatore to establish a protocol for in vitro germination of seeds to use it further for clonal propagation. The investigation revealed that the seeds without seed coat gave more number of multiple shoots (5.57) where as the seeds with seed coat gave single seedling. The days taken for germination was lesser in seeds without seed coat (14.76 days) than the the seeds with seed coat (20.59 days). The longest seedling was observed in the seeds with seed coat (2.09 cm) compared to that of seeds without seed coat (1.22 cm). the days taken for budbreak, number of shoots were higher in the MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.5 mgl-1. Comparison between the explants from in vitro and field grown seedlings showed that the time taken for culture response was much earlier in the in vitro derived seedlings. All the explants showed better response in the basal MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.5 mgl-1

scholarly journals SYNCHRONIZING THE in vitro GERMINATION OF Psidium guineense Sw. SEEDS BY MEANS OF OSMOTIC PRIMING

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Adriana Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Mailson Monteiro do Rego ◽  
Manoel Abilio de Queiroz ◽  
Bárbara França Dantas ◽  
Wagner Campos Otoni
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT The Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense Swartz) is seed-propagated and, being native to the Caatinga biome, may frequently have uneven germination.Thus, we aimed to evaluate the synchronization of the in vitro seed germination of three accessions of the Brazilian guava, using water, polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at different potentials and times of osmotic priming. Seeds from three accessions of the Brazilian guava (Y85, Y93,and Y97) from the UNEB/BA Germplasm Active Bank were subjected to the following pretreatments: -0.6, -1.0, -1.4, and -1,8 MPa PEG 6000; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 24h; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 48h; water for 24 and 48h; and non-primed seeds as the control. The experimental design was therefore a 10x3+1 factorial scheme. We assessed the germination percentage (G), mean germination time (MGT), germination speed (GS), and germination speed index (GSI). Data was subjected to analysis of variance followed by a means test (Duncan at 5% probability) and regression. There was interaction between the priming treatments and accessions for all evaluated features, except G. PEG 6000 decreased the MGT (from 6 to 8 days) and increased GS and GSI of seeds from all three accessions at potentials -1.0 to -1.5 MPa.Water-priming had a positive effect on MGT, GS, and GSI of accession Y85 seeds. KNO3 negatively affected germination of seeds from all three accessions. Thereby, we could synchronize seed germination of accessions Y85 and Y97 with PEG 6000.

Improvement of soybean somatic embryo development and maturation by abscisic acid treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lining Tian ◽  
Daniel C. W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Globular Stage ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Stage Embryo

Recovery of tissue culture-derived plants through somatic embryogenesis is a useful system for genetic engineering of soybean. The effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on soybean somatic embryogenesis, development, and maturation was investigated. ABA at 1, 10, 50, 100, and 500 µM were applied at different stages of embryo development; namely, at the globular stage in suspension culture, at the development stage and at the maturation stage on solid media. ABA promoted embryo growth and development when applied at the globular stage. Embryo size, after 15 d and after 1 mo on development medium, was significantly greater than that without exposure to ABA. ABA promoted normal embryo morphogenesis and 62% more normal embryos developed when embryos were treated with ABA at the globular stage. ABA treated-embryos showed an increased tolerance to partial desiccation (from 24% to 78%) and exhibited an increased germination capability relative to non-ABA-treated controls (54% versus 8%). Somatic embryos appeared to undergo a decreasing sensitivity to ABA during maturation. ABA did not show an effect when applied during embryo development and maturation stages. A protocol for more normal embryo formation and improved embryo germination is reported. Key words: Glycine max, somatic embryogenesis, in vitro culture

scholarly journals Longevity and germination of Juniperus communis L. pollen after storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Kormuťák ◽  
Peter Bolecek ◽  
Martin Galgóci ◽  
Dušan Gömöry
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Pollen Tube Length ◽  
Common Juniper

AbstractPollen storage belongs among the most important activities associated with pollen handling. It overcomes the differences in pollen shedding and ovule receptivity during controlled pollination experiments. It is especially important for species like common juniper (Juniperus communis L.) with an extremely low quality of seeds due to pollination failure. Additionally, it is a substantial part of germplasm preservation programmes in pollen banks. In the present paper, the effect of short-term storage of pollen was studied using pollen samples from five shrubs in an in vitro germination test. Two temperature regimes were tested. The pollen viability of freshly collected pollen varied considerably between individual shrubs, exhibiting 67.3–88.6% germination rate and 248.0–367.3 µm of pollen tubes. Storage at + 4 °C for four months was accompanied by a profound decline in pollen viability. The germination percentage was reduced to 49.2–75.2% and the pollen tube length to 32.5–69.0%, depending on individual shrubs. The corresponding decline in pollen viability characteristics during storage at − 20 °C was only negligible in two of the tested shrubs. In the remaining three shrub samples, an increase in germination percentage was observed. Pollen tube growth responded more sensitively to freezing, but, on average, the decrease in length was lower than that at + 4 °C. The rate of reduction in pollen tube length varied between 11.5 and 45.4%. Cytological events accompanying in vitro germination of freezer-stored pollen exhibited some delay in releasing the exine from pollen grains during the early stages of germination as compared with freshly collected pollen. In conclusion, short-term storage of the common juniper pollen in a freezer is better for the preservation of its viability than storage at + 4 °C.

scholarly journals High throughput in vitro seed germination screen identified new ABA responsive RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligases in Arabidopsis thaliana

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-575
Author(s):  
M. Pavicic ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
K. Mouhu ◽  
K. Himanen
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
E3 Ligases ◽  
Ring Type ◽  
Physiological Performance

Abstract Seed quality is an important factor for seedling vigour as well as adult plant resilience. The key quality attributes are related to physical characteristics, physiological performance, genetic background and health status of the seeds. Many ways to address seed quality attributes have been developed and recently many of them have featured automated high throughput methods. In our study, we addressed two of the seed quality attributes, namely physiological performance and genetic background by analysing germination rates in our mutant collection. These mutants represent ubiquitin E3 ligases that transcriptionally respond to abscisic acid (ABA). This plant hormone is an important regulator of germination and seedling establishment. To facilitate in vitro germination screens of large seed collections a high throughput image-based assay was developed. As a read out of the germination on ABA treatment the cotyledon emergence was detected with top view chlorophyll fluorescence camera. By applying the ABA treatment during germination, RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligase mutants were identified, showing either resistant or sensitive responses to ABA. In conclusion, a scalable high throughput screen for in vitro germination assay was established that allowed fast screening of tens of mutants in a hormone supplemented media.

In Vitro Investigation of Biopriming on Seed Quality Parameters in Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.)]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok S Sajjan ◽  
Sujaya Waddinakatti ◽  
R B Jolli ◽  
Geetha D Goudar
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Vigour Index

The in vitro investigation was conducted during the kharif 2017 in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Vijayapura. The experiment comprised of nine biopriming treatments along with control. The experiment was laid out in CRD with three replications. The seeds were subjected to in vitro studies and data was analysed statistically. The seed bioprimed with Rhizobium leguminosarum @ 20 per cent recorded higher seed germination percentage (90.50 %), shoot length (19.27 cm), root length (12.38 cm), seedling length (31.65 cm), seedling dry weight (373.0 mg), seedling vigour index I (2864), seedling vigour index II (33.75), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (1.010 OD value) and lower electrical conductivity (0.107 dS m-1) followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 per cent, Fluorescent pseudomonad sp. @ 20 per cent as compared to control.

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