scholarly journals Biochar improves the morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of white willow seedlings in heavy metal-contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Mokarram-Kashtiban ◽  
Seyed Hosseini ◽  
Masoud Kouchaksaraei ◽  
Habibollah Younesi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
White Willow ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Biochar is an efficient soil amendment used for promoting plant resistance to heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soils. There is a need for further investigation of its impacts on plants and soil. This study was undertaken as a pot experiment to assess the effect of biochar (0, 2.5, and 5% mass fractions) on the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of white willow seedlings (Salix alba L.) cultured in uncontaminated soil and mixed soil contaminated with HM (Cu, Pb, and Cd). Additionally, some chemical properties and HM bioavailability were evaluated. Biochar increased height and diameter, root elongation, leaf area and dry biomass of the seedlings in both soils. Its addition to the contaminated soil reduced electrolyte leakage, the malondialdehyde and proline contents but increased the chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate in the leaf. Use of biochar (especially at 5% rate) in both soils, increased soil pH, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon and available P and K, while in the contaminated soil the availability of Cu, Pb, and Cd decreased. The results showed that biochar is a suitable amendment to contaminated soils that improves plant properties by improving soil chemical features and immobilizing HMs.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils from a Korean Military Shooting Range: Evaluation of Pb Sources Using Pb Isotope Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7099
Author(s):  
Inkyeong Moon ◽  
Honghyun Kim ◽  
Sangjo Jeong ◽  
Hyungjin Choi ◽  
Jungtae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Phases

In this study, the geochemical properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils from a Korean military shooting range were analyzed. The chemical behavior of heavy metals was determined by analyzing the soil pH, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and Pb isotopes. In total, 24 soil samples were collected from a Korean military shooting range. The soil samples consist of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite/illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. Lead minerals, such as hydrocerussite and anglesite, which are indicative of a transformation into secondary mineral phases, were not observed. All soils were strongly contaminated with Pb with minor concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn. Arsenic was rarely detected. The obtained results are indicated that the soils from the shooting range are contaminated with heavy metals and have evidences of different degree of anthropogenic Pb sources. This study is crucial for the evaluation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in shooting ranges and their environmental effect as well as for the establishment of management strategies for the mitigation of environmental risks.

Research Progress in Enhancement Technology of Phytoremediation

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Yi Yun Liu ◽  
Shuang Cui ◽  
Qing Han ◽  
Qian Ru Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Article Analysis

Due to the influence of human, industrial and agricultural activity, a large amount of toxic and harmful heavy metal enter into the soil environment. Heavy metal can easily bio-accumulate through food chain, which cause serious damage to human health. Phytoremediation emerges as a new technology in exploration of effective methods for remediation and rebuild of heavy metal contaminated soils. Although phytoremediation shows great potential in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, there still exists many problems in practical application. This article analysis the problems existing in phytoremediation, summarizes the research progress of the technology in application from all the perspective of phytoremediation processes.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of cadmium-contaminated paddy soil using an autotrophic and heterotrophic mixture

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 26090-26101
Author(s):  
Menglong Xu ◽  
Yazi Liu ◽  
Yan Deng ◽  
Siyuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Remediation Technology ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Contaminated Paddy Soil

Bioremediation can be a promising and effective remediation technology for treating Cd contaminated soils. Cooperative bioremediation using heterotrophic and autotrophic mixtures proved to be an efficient, short-term bioremediation strategy for heavy metal contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acid Leaching on the Removal of Heavy Metals and Soil Fertility in Contaminated Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Yao Chu ◽  
Tzu-Hsing Ko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Acid Leaching

Heavy metal-contaminated soils were leached with various acid reagents, and a series of treatments was assessed to understand soil fertility after acid leaching. Aqua regia digestion and a five-step sequential extraction procedure were applied to determine heavy metal distribution. The average total concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb for contaminated soil were 1334, 25, 263, and 525 mg·kg−1 based on the ICP/AES quantitative analysis. Other than Pb extracted by H2SO4, over 50% removal efficiency of other heavy metals was achieved. A five-step sequential extraction revealed that the bound-to-carbonate and bound-to-Fe-Mn oxides were the major forms of the heavy metals in the soil. The addition of organic manure considerably promoted soil fertility and increased soil pH after acid leaching. Seed germination experiments demonstrated that after acid leaching, the soil distinctly inhibited plant growth and the addition of manure enhanced seed germination rate from 35% to 84%. Furthermore, the procedure of soil turnover after acid leaching and manure addition greatly increased seed germination rate by 61% and shortened the initial germination time. Seed germination in untreated soil was superior to that in acid-leached soil, illustrating that the phytotoxic effect of acid leaching is more serious than that of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Bio Remedial Potential for the Treatment of Contaminated Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Hasnain Raza ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
The World

As anthropogenic activities rise over the world, representing an environmental threat, soil contamination and treatment of polluted areas have become a worldwide concern. Bioremediation is a sustainable technique that could be a cost-effective mitigating solution for heavy metal-polluted soil regeneration. Due to the difficulties in determining the optimum bioremediation methodology for each type of pollutant and the lack of literature on soil bioremediation, we reviewed the main in-situ type, their current properties, applications, and techniques, plants, and microbe’s efficiency for treatment of contaminated soil. In this review, we describe the deeper knowledge of the in-situ types of bioremediation and their different pollutant accumulation mechanisms.

scholarly journals Identification of Microbial Profiles in Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soil from Full-Length 16S rRNA Reads Sequenced by a PacBio System

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonsuk Hur ◽  
Soo-Je Park
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition

Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem as it adversely affects crop production and human activity. In addition, the microbial community structure and composition are altered in heavy-metal-contaminated soils. In this study, using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained by a PacBio RS II system, we determined the microbial diversity and community structure in heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Furthermore, we investigated the microbial distribution, inferred their putative functional traits, and analyzed the environmental effects on the microbial compositions. The soil samples selected in this study were heavily and continuously contaminated with various heavy metals due to closed mines. We found that certain microorganisms (e.g., sulfur or iron oxidizers) play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. Using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) analysis, we predicted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional categories from abundances of microbial communities and revealed a high proportion belonging to transport, energy metabolism, and xenobiotic degradation in the studied sites. In addition, through full-length analysis, Conexibacter-like sequences, commonly identified by environmental metagenomics among the rare biosphere, were detected. In addition to microbial composition, we confirmed that environmental factors, including heavy metals, affect the microbial communities. Unexpectedly, among these environmental parameters, electrical conductivity (EC) might have more importance than other factors in a community description analysis.

scholarly journals Removal of Cadmium and Lead from Contaminated Soils Using Sophorolipids from Fermentation Culture of Starmerella bombicola CGMCC 1576 Fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Qi ◽  
Xiaoming Xu ◽  
Chuanqing Zhong ◽  
Tianyi Jiang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Starmerella Bombicola

Soil contaminated with Cd and Pb has caused sharp decrease of cultivatable soil and has been attracting increasing attention. Biosurfactants are efficient in solving the problem. However, little information is available about the influence of sophorolipids (SLs) on the remediation of Cd- or Pb-contaminated soil. The sophorolipids produced by Starmerella bombicola CGMCC 1576 were used to study the effects of Cd and Pb removal in batch soil washing from artificially contaminated soil. The removal efficiency of crude total SLs was better than both distilled water and synthetic surfactants. Furthermore, 83.6% of Cd and 44.8% of Pb were removed by 8% crude acidic SLs. Acidic SLs with high water solubility were more effective than lactonic SLs in enhancing remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. The complexation of Cd with the free carboxyl group of the acidic SLs was observed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy study, and this complexation was effective in heavy metal removal from the soil. The fermentation broth of S. bombicola, without further preparation, removed 95% of Cd and 52% of Pb. These results suggested that SLs produced by S. bombicola could function as potential bioremediation agents for heavy metal-contaminated soil.

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