scholarly journals Knowledge and occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among health care workers and medical students

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Markovic-Denic ◽  
Irena Ostric ◽  
Andrija Pavlovic ◽  
Dimitra Kalimanovska-Ostric
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Health workers and medical students are at occupational risk of blood-borne diseases during the accidents, that is, via percutaneous injury or entry of blood or body fluids through the mucosa or injured skin. Objective: to review and analyze the knowledge, attitudes and perception of risks of blood-borne diseases of the clinical course students and health workers as well as the frequency of accidents. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out among the students of the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade, and health workers of the Clinical Center of Serbia. The subjects responded anonymously to questionnaire specially designed for the study. Results: Both students and health workers were aware, in a high percentage, of the fact that the risk of hepatitis B spread was about 30%. Significantly more students gave affirmative reply that blood as biological material was a potential hazard of HIV infection spread (p=0.001), and significantly more students knew that HIV would not be spread by sweat (p=0.001). Hepatitis B vaccination was administered only to 24.1% of students and 71.4% of health workers. About 10% of students and 65.5% of health workers experienced some accident. There was no significant difference of accidents between nurses/technicians and physicians (p>0.05), as well as of accidents and a total length of service (p>0.05). The majority of accidents occurred during the use of needle/sharp object (in 27.3% of students and 33.1% of health workers). About 40% of students and slightly over a half of the workers reported the accidents to appropriate authorities. Additional education in this field is considered necessary by 73% of students. Conclusion: During the studies and via continuous medical education it is necessary to upgrade the level of knowledge on prevention of accidents, what would, at least partially, influence their reduction.

scholarly journals Knowledge about blood-borne pathogens and the prevalence of needle stick injuries among medical students in Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuk Marusic ◽  
Ljiljana Markovic-Denic ◽  
Olivera Djuric ◽  
Dragana Protic ◽  
Emilija Dubljanin-Raspopovic
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Sharp Object ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Needle Sticks

AbstractIntroductionMedical students are mainly exposed to needle stick and sharp object injuries in the course of their clinical activities during studying. They are at high risk due to their undeveloped skills, restricted clinical experience, lack of knowledge and risk perception. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of needle stick injuries of the fourth and final year medical students, and to estimate their knowledge about blood-borne pathogens disease transmission and standard precautions.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, in February 2014. The students were invited to self-administer a questionnaire of 26 closed questions prepared for this study.ResultsThe questionnaire was filled in and returned by 637 students. The prevalence of needle sticks and sharp object injuries was 29.5%. Needle stick injuries were the most common type of accidents, more frequent among the fourth compared to the sixth year students (p=0.002). The majority of accidents occurred in patient rooms (53%) and the emergency department (15%). 54% of participants reported an accident to the responsible person. Students without accidents had a significantly better perception of risk (3.79 vs. 3.35; p<0.05). Out of the total participating students, only 16.6% (106/637) received all three doses of Hepatitis B vaccination, while 16.2% were partially vaccinated.ConclusionsThere is a need for additional theoretical and practical education of our students on blood exposure via accidents, raising the awareness of the necessity of hepatitis B vaccination, and introducing the unique/comprehensive procedure for accident reporting for students and healthcare workers in the entire country.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND ANTI HBS ANTIBODY LEVELS AMONGST HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND MEDICAL STUDENTS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Aditya Rana ◽  
Anuradha Sood
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: Hepatitis B(HBV) is a blood borne virus and it is one of the most important occupational hazards among healthcare workers (HCWs) & Medical students. This study aimed to measure the anti-HBs titres and to assess the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B in HCW and medical students. It was a prospective,descriptive and cross sectional hospital base Material and method: d study. Medical students and healthcare workers who had received all three doses of hepatitis B vaccination were included in the study. A total of 200 subjects , aged between 18 and Result: 62 years were taken. 182 were vaccinated and 18 were unvaccinated. 85 were males and 115 females. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B was nil. Antibody titres were >100mIU/ml in 51.6% , 10-100mIU/ml in 16.4% & <10 mIU/ml in 31.8% respectively.Negative correlation of decreasing antibiotic titer and age was seen. HCW and medical students are at hi Conclusion: gher risk due to their continuous exposure to blood products. Vaccination should be compulsory to the HCW and medical workers in the institution as Hepatitis B is a preventable disease. Monitoring of antibody titers should be done from time to time to see waning off antibody titers after vaccination

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices toward prevention of hepatitis B infection among medical students in a high-risk setting of a newly established medical institution

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Rathi ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Jitendra Majhi ◽  
Shalini Jain ◽  
Panna Lal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Medical Institution ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: India is in the intermediate hepatitis B virus endemicity zone with hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among the general population ranges from 2% to 8%. Among health-care workers, seroprevalence is two to four times higher than that of the general population. AIM: The aim of the study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of medical students regarding hepatitis B. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted from March to April 2018. Students were invited to the department on specified dates for awareness and immunization against hepatitis B. Their KAP was assessed with the help of a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: With a response rate of 81.3%, a total of 161 students participated in the study out of 198. Out of the 161 study participants, only 13 (8%) students had received a completed course of hepatitis B vaccination in the past, 30 (18.7%) students had a history of inability to complete the three doses of hepatitis B vaccination, and the rest 118 (73.3%) students were never immunized against hepatitis B. The knowledge about the risk of acquiring the disease at the hospital or high-risk setting was present in less than half of the students. The average knowledge score was 10.63 out of 16 and average healthy practice score was 2.94 out of 4. On applying Pearson correlation test, it was found that there was a positive correlation of knowledge and practices of the students (P = 0.012), implying that better knowledge of the disease has a positive effect on the practices exercised by an individual. CONCLUSION: Newly enrolled students and other individuals attached to a high-risk setting such as a medical institution should be screened for immunization status during initial medical examination as the number of unimmunized persons, especially against hepatitis B is high.

scholarly journals Assessment of health-promoting lifestyle profile and its relation with well-being of medical students: A cross sectional.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 921-927
Author(s):  
Subhan Ullah ◽  
Mubarak Ali Anjum ◽  
Khalid Parvez ◽  
Uzma Sagheer ◽  
Ghulam Abbas Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Promoting Lifestyle

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine the importance and assessment of a health-promoting lifestyle and its possible association with well-being of medical students. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Aziz Fatima Medical and Dental College Faisalabad. Period: June to July 2020. Material & Methods: The English version of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and WHO-5 Well-Being Index were used in our study. Results: The research was conducted with 205 medical students. From which 102(49.8%) belongs from 4-year class and 103(50.2%) from 5-year class. Based on the table, the mean age of the total participants was 22.45(±1.03) years. Among the participants, the mean score of a health-promoting lifestyle was 133.36 ±18.90, which is interpreted as moderate. Lifestyle mean score is greater in 5th-year class as compare to 4th-year class but no significant difference was found because p value is greater than 0.05 there was a significant relationship between well-being and health-promoting lifestyle. Age and gender, were associated with students lifestyles. Independent t test is used to compare the mean difference in gender and MBBS class. Chi square test is used to find the significant association between well-being categories with gender and MBBS class. Pearson correlation coefficient method is used to measure the correlation between well being and healthy lifestyles. Conclusion: A health-promoting lifestyle of students in this study was moderate and they did not have an acceptable level of physical activity. The medical students’ curriculums need to be improved to enhance health promoting lifestyles.

scholarly journals Decrease in Anti-HBs Antibodies over Time in Medical Students and Healthcare Workers after Hepatitis B Vaccination

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. V. Sahana ◽  
N. Sarala ◽  
S. R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Antibody Titres

Background. Hepatitis B is one of the most important occupational hazards among healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to measure the anti-HBs titres among the medical students and HCWs vaccinated against hepatitis B virus and to determine the association between anti-HBs levels and time since vaccination. Materials and Methods. In this cross-sectional study, medical students and healthcare workers who had received all three doses of hepatitis B vaccination and completed at least six months after vaccination since the last dose were included. 3 ml blood was collected from subjects (n=340) and anti-HBs titre was estimated using ELISA. Results. A total of 340/400 subjects were aged between 18 and 60 years; 204 were females and 136 males. The median and interquartile range for time since vaccination were 5 and 5 years, respectively. Duration since vaccination was ≤5 years in 223 (65.5%), 6–10 years in 84 (24.7%), and >10 years in 33 (9.70%); among them, antibody titres were >10 mIU/ml in 94.1%, 79.7%, and 72.7% subjects, respectively. There was significant decline in antibody titres as duration of postvaccination increased. Conclusion. The proportion of subjects who were unprotected after 5 and 10 years after vaccination were 20% and 27%, respectively. The need for a booster dose can be made mandatory at least for healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals Study to Assess the Status of Hepatitis B Vaccination and Factors Affecting Antibody Titers Level for Hepatitis B to Various Health Care Workers and Medical Students in Tertiary Healthcare Setup in Himachal Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Aditya Rana ◽  
Subhash Chand Jaryal ◽  
Anuradha Sood
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Antibody Titers

Background: Hepatitis B(HBV) is one of the most important occupational hazards among the medical student and healthcare workers(HCW's) due to risk of exposure to infected bodily fluids and blood. This study aimed to assess status of HBV vaccination and factors affecting anti-HBs titres levels for HBV in HCW and medical students. Material and Method: It was a prospective, descriptive and cross sectional study done at the Department of Microbiology, DRPGMC Kangra at Tanda(H.P). Randomly 215 HCW’s and medical students were taken in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results: Total of 215 subjects were included in the study. Males were 89 and females were 126. 182 subjects were vaccinated and 33 were unvaccinated for hepatitis B. Out of 182 vaccinated 137 were completely vaccinated. Significant correlation was seen with decrease in antibody titers with gender, duration of vaccination and smoking. Conclusion: Vaccination should be mandatory for every HCW and medical student entering the health institutions. The factors affecting the antibody titers must be evaluated and antibody titers must be reviewed from time to time. The need for a booster dose can be made mandatory at least for healthcare professionals. Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Vaccination, Antibody titers, HCW.

scholarly journals ANTI HBS TITRE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1167-1169
Author(s):  
Nahdia Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Usman Hussain ◽  
Iqra Qamar ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Poor Responders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
B Virus

Introduction: The doctors and paramedical staff are at high risk of developingHepatitis B, infection. Hepatitis B vaccine is mandatory for medical students prior to admissionin medical colleges. After completion of vaccination determination of anti HBS is not in practice.All over the world some people remain non responders and don’t develop adequate antibodytitre essential for protection against hepatitis B virus. This study is therefore designed to estimatethe anti HBs titre among the medical students, who have completed three doses of hepatitisB vaccine. Objectives: To determine the serum anti HBs antibodies among the outgoing finalyear MBBS students who have received complete 03 doses of hepatitis B vaccine. StudyDesign: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration: This study was conductedfrom November 2010 to December 2015 at Biochemistry department Punjab Medical College incollaboration with Nawaz Medicare Hospital Faisalabad. Material and Methods: Two hundredand fifty nine female medical (MBBS) students from outgoing classes during the period ofNovember 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. All subjects were at the ageof 22-24 years at the time of sampling. Each received 03 doses of injection Engerix B, 10mcg/0.5ml each in a schedule of 0, 01, 06 months since the last 05 years. The blood sampleswere allowed to clot and serum was separated. The anti HBs and HBsAg were determined by3rd generation ELISA method. Results: A total 259 female medical students from outgoing finalyear MBBS classes were enrolled in this study. Among these subjects 48 (18.5%) had serumanti HBs levels < 10 IU/L, 77 subjects (29.7%) have levels 10-20 IU/L, 116 subjects (44.8 %)have serum levels 21-100 IU/L, while 18 subjects (10%) have > 100 IU/L serum anti HBs levels.Conclusion: The incidence of non responders and poor responders is higher among thevaccinees in this study as compared to foreign studies after five years of Hepatitis B vaccination.

scholarly journals Acceptability of voluntary counselling and testing among medical students in Jos, Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Comfort Ajuma Daniyam ◽  
Patricia Aladi Agaba ◽  
Emmanuel Agaba
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Voluntary Counselling ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Voluntary Counselling And Testing

Background: Various preventive strategies have been employed to curb the spread of HIV infection as there is presently no cure. Abstinence, avoidance of multiple sexual partners, condom use, voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) and treatment of HIV-infected individuals form the cornerstone of HIV prevention. This study assessed the acceptability of VCT among medical students in a single institution in Nigeria Methodology: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to clinical medical students of the University of Jos in a cross-sectional study. Results: Out of a total of 368 students surveyed, 178 (50.7%) have had VCT. There was no significant difference between the proportion of males and females who had had VCT previously (48.9% of males and 56.3% of females; χ2 = 1.65, OR = 0.76 95% CI: 0.46-1.20; p = 0.19). The majority of the respondents (83.1%) would want to have VCT. Fear of a positive test result was the main reason given by those who would be unwilling to be tested. Gender had no effect on the willingness of the subjects to have VCT as 81.8% of males and 87.1% of females were predisposed to it (χ2 = 1.95; OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.31-1.26).  VCT acceptability was similar among sexually active and inactive respondents (80.2% and 80.2% respectively; χ2 = 0.018, p = 0.99). Conclusion: Awareness of VCT services and acceptability of VCT among medical students is high. These students can be role models for the optimization of VCT services.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections among the healthcare workers despite low vaccination coverage for hepatitis B in Mumbai

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmesh K. Shah ◽  
Samit S. Jain ◽  
Amol A. Khot ◽  
Amit R. Gharat ◽  
Girish C. Rajadhyaksha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Difference

<p class="ABS"><span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Background</span><span class="Bold">:</span> The risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections through exposure to blood or its products and contact with other body fluids is high amongst health care workers (HCWs). Despite potential risks, a proportion of HCWs never get vaccinated. This study aimed to investigate the vaccination practices and the prevalence of HBV infection in HCWs. <span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Aims:</span> To determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV, their possible association with occupational and non-occupational risk factors. We also studied the prevalence of vaccination for hepatitis B in different subgroups of study population. <span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Materials and Methods:</span> In this cross-sectional study, total 1347 hospital staffs were screened for hepatitis B and hepatitis C. HBV is detected by HBsAg testing, and HCV is detected by anti-HCV testing by ELISA method. Positive results were confirmed by HBV DNA testing (Qualitative) and HCV RNA testing (Qualitative). A questionnaire used to collect data from study participants was pre-designed by the authors. <span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Results:</span> Out of total 1347 hospital staffs screened, 6 (0.4%) were HBsAg-positive and 2 (0.1%) were anti-HCV-positive. Only 54% had a history of complete vaccination, and 0.3% had incomplete vaccination. Vaccination coverage was highest in residents (76.7%), medical students (68.9%), nursing (66.1%), and teachers (61.4%) and lowest in servants (5.4%), office staff (6.6%), and lab technicians (24.3%). Awareness about the risk factor for transmission of HBV and HCV and complication related to them was 77.7%. It was highest in teachers (93.9%) and residents (97.8%), lowest in servants (16.3%). No statistically significant difference in the exposure to various risk factors among those who are HBsAg or anti-HCV-positive and HBsAg or anti-HCV-negative. <span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Conclusions:</span> The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection is not high in hospital staff than general population. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage was below expectation in all the subgroups even in resident doctors and teachers.</p><div> </div>

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