scholarly journals Positive correlation between micronuclei and necrosis of lymphocytes in medical personnel occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Petrovic ◽  
Andreja Leskovac ◽  
Gordana Joksic
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interphase Cell ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

BACKGROUND: Current radiation protection standards are based on premise that any radiation dose may result in detrimental health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate extent of the DNA damages (measured by induction of micronuclei) and interphase cell death in circulating lymphocytes of medical personnel exposed to ionizing radiation. METHODS: Baseline micronuclei were assessed using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by flow cytometry for human white blood cells to identify cells that displayed apoptosis-associated DNA condensation. Necrotic cells were analyzed simultaneously. All parameters were compared with corresponding controls. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference (t = 4.54, p = 0.002) was found between exposed and control group in the yield of baseline micronuclei. The level of baseline micronuclei correlated positively with necrosis of leucocytes (r=0.09, p=0.68 in exposed group, r=0.02, p=0.97 in controls). An inverse correlation between baseline micronuclei and apoptosis was noted in both groups of examinees (r = -0.26, p = 0.27 in exposed group, r = -0.09, p=0.80 in controls). The data obtained also suggested an inverse correlation between necrosis and apoptosis (r = -0.37, p = 0.11 in exposed group, r = -0.89, p = 0.001 in controls). CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry being a rapid, fast, and accurate method is strongly recommended in evaluation of radiation injuries. The integration of apoptosis and necrosis into micronucleus assay could be very important in the assessment of cumulative effects of ionizing radiation in occupationally exposed medical personnel.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic abnormalities in lymphocytes evaluated with micronucleus assay in medical personnel occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-939
Author(s):  
Nevenka Velickova ◽  
Misko Milev ◽  
Tatjana Ruskovska ◽  
Biljana Petrova ◽  
Bojana Nedeljkovik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paired Student ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxicity of ionizing radiation on medical personnel using the micronucleus assay and to determine the human health risk. Paired Student?s t-test shows significant statistical difference between the total number of binucleated (BN) cells with micronuclei within the two groups (exposed and control) (t=6,812; p<0,05). The mean of MN frequencies in the exposed group increased in comparison with the mean of MN frequencies in the control group. The formation of small and large micronuclei indicates that medical personnel who are exposed on radiation in their work place, have a chromosomal instability and a risk of cancer.

Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes of hospital staff occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Eken ◽  
Ahmet Aydın ◽  
Onur Erdem ◽  
Cemal Akay ◽  
Hatice Tuba Sanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cbmn Assay ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Ionizing radiation is known to induce mutations and cell transformations, predominantly by causing single-strand and double-strand DNA breakage, thereby leading to chromosome instability and carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxic effects in hospital staff exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation in comparison with a selected control group, by using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The study included 40 exposed radiology staff and 30 control subjects. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) was significantly increased in radiation-exposed groups compared with control persons (p < 0.05). The frequency of SCE did not show any significant difference in the exposed individuals in comparison to the controls. Our results showed that low-level chronic occupational exposure to ionizing radiation causes an increase of MN frequency in chromosomes, even though the absorbed doses were below the permissible limits. Our studies indicate that the CBMN assay is considered to be sensitive test in contrast to SCE analysis to evaluate chromosomal damage induced by ionizing radiation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of micronuclei in oral mucosa of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation: a pilot study from Celaya, México

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Padilla-Raygoza ◽  
María del Rocio Adame Gutiérrez ◽  
Itza Zelene Moreno Martínez ◽  
Vicente Beltran-Campos ◽  
Silvia del Carmen Delgado-Sandoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction: Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation can potentially lead to adverse health effects, including cancer and genetic defects. Genetic damage caused by radiation can be detected if micronuclei are observed. The objective of this pilot study was to detect the presence of micronuclei in cells of the oral mucosa in inidividuals occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation.Methods:  We implemented a pilot case-control study in which we compared oral mucosa micronuclei in 30 medical and nursing personnel in radiology centers in Celaya, Mexico, with 30 volunteers not exposed to ionizing radiation recruited from a public University. The oral mucosa was brushed and the amount of micronuclei was quantified. Chi-square test or t-test for two proportions were used to compared ionizing radiation and genetic damage between exposed and non-exposed groups.Results: The exposed group had an average of 5.37 ± 3.49 micronuclei and the non-exposed had 0.37 ± 0.61 (P<0.01). In the exposed group, 90% of participants exhibited genetic damage compared to 6.67% in the unexposed group (P<0.05).Conclusion: In this pilot study, medical and nursing staff from radiology centers presented with higher genetic damage compared to control group. Further studies are needed to identify the prevalence of genetic damage due to occupational radiation exposure in Mexico.

scholarly journals Effects of Sevoflurane Exposure on Apoptosis and Cell Cycle of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes, and Immunologic Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhimin ji ◽  
Wanjun Wu ◽  
Fan zhou ◽  
Junfang Hu ◽  
Qiuping Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Waste anesthetic gases (WAGS) leaked from new-type halogenated inhalational anesthetics such as sevoflurane were reported to pose a risk for the health of operation room personnel. The effects of WAGS on peripheral blood lymphocytes remain yet controversial. Purpose: The present study was undertaken to examine whether occupational exposure to sevoflurane has detrimental effects on the peripheral blood lymphocytes of exposed medical personnel in vivo. Methods: A cohort of 56 medical residents were divided into exposed group (n=28) and control group (non-exposed group) (n=28). Gas chromatograph was used to measure the concentration of sevoflurane in the medical resident’s breathing zone during surgeries under inhalation anesthesia in exposure group. The collection time lasted for one hour. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from venous blood and then apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood was harvested to analyze the lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) were quantified by immunoturbidimetry.Results: The average concentration of sevoflurane in exposed group was 1.03 ppm with a range from 0.03 ppm to 2.24 ppm. Sevoflurane had no significant effect on the apoptosis and cell cycle of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the exposed group relative to the control group (P>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the lymphocyte subsets and the levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Occupational exposure to low-level sevoflurane has no significant effect on the peripheral blood lymphocytes of operating room staff, but this conclusion needs to be confirmed by multicenter and long-term follow-up studies with large samples.Trial registration number and date of registration：ChiCTR2000040772, December 9, 2020 (Retrospective registration)

Evaluation of genotoxicity of pan masala employing chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay in bone marrow cells of the mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
BN Mojidra ◽  
K. Archana ◽  
AK Gautam ◽  
Y. Verma ◽  
BC Lakkad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marrow Cells

Pan masala is commonly consumed in south-east Asian and other oriental countries as an alternate of tobacco chewing and smoking. Genotoxic potential of pan masala (pan masala plain and pan masala with tobacco known as gutkha) was evaluated employing chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) assay in vivo. Animals were exposed to three different doses (0.5%, 1.5% and 3%) of pan masala plain (PMP) and gutkha (PMT) through feed for a period of 6 months and micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations were studied in the bone marrow cells. Induction of mean micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) and normochromatic erythrocyte (MNNCE) was higher in both types of pan masala treated groups with respect to control group. Both pan masala plain and gutkha treatment significantly induced the frequency of MNPCE and MNNCE in the bone marrow cells, indicating the genotoxic potential. Furthermore, slight decline in the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes was also noticed, suggesting the cytotoxic potential even though the ratio was statistically non significant. A dose-dependent, significant increase in chromosome aberration was observed in both types of pan masala treated mice with respect to control. However, no significant difference in micronucleus and chromosomal aberration induction was noticed between two types of pan masala exposed (PMP and PMT) groups. Results suggest that both types of pan masala, i.e. plain and gutkha, have genotoxic potential.

Study on Kidney Function in Female Workers Exposed to Perchlorethylene

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vyskočil ◽  
S. Emminger ◽  
J. Tejral ◽  
Z. Fiala ◽  
E. Ettlerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Dry Cleaning ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

1 Biochemical markers of kidney damage were examined in 16 female workers chronically exposed to tetrachlorethylene (TCE) in five dry-cleaning shops. The results were compared with those obtained in 13 females non-occupationally exposed to organic solvents. 2 The intensity of exposure was monitored by personal environmental monitoring. The time-weighed average exposure to TCE amounted to 157 mg m-3 (range 9-799 mg m-3). A satisfactory agreement was found between the concentration of TCE in ambient air sampled with the charcoal tube method and with a passive dosimeter. 3 The urinary excretion of lysozyme was increased in the exposed group. No difference was found in the urinary excretion of albumin, β2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, total proteins or glucose. The prevalence of abnormal values of biochemical parameters in the exposed group did not differ from that observed in the control group. No correlation was found between the level of TCE exposure and biochemical parameters. 4 The present study suggests that chronic exposure to TCE does not lead to renal damage.

scholarly journals Tinnitus in Noise Exposed Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Bai ◽  
Jianping Yu ◽  
Hong Du ◽  
Zhuang Shen ◽  
Hongyan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Past History ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exposed Workers

Abstract Background Tinnitus in noise exposed workers is worse, which seriously affects the normal life and work. Workers with tinnitus often complain that even going to see the doctor is ineffective. They think tinnitus is caused by occupational noise exposure, which makes tinnitus worse. To find the truth the investigation and analysis of tinnitus including reason, treatment and effect and hearing level was proceeded among all noise-exposed workers in railway transportation mechanical manufacturers in Beijing in 2015. Methods Cross-section study was conducted. 519 noise-exposed workers were selected as exposed group, 515 non noise-exposed workers were selected as control group. Self-designed questionnaire was used in the way of face-to-face to get subjects’ information including social statistical data, occupational history, past history and living habits. Results The incidence of tinnitus was 36.6% among noise-exposed workers, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2 = 40.725, P < 0.05). Meanwhile the incidence of seeing the doctor was 15.8%. The incidence of tinnitus was significantly different in different subgroups of exposed group (χ2 = 6.072, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between using earphones and tinnitus (P > 0.05). In the exposed group the incidence of hearing abnormal in workers with tinnitus was significantly higher than those without tinnitus (χ2 = 18.570, P < 0.05). Conclusions Right knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) would be helpful for workers with tinnitus. Occupational health education and supervision of noise-exposed workers should be further strengthened in this industry. Personal protection should be enhanced so as to improve occupational health.

Genotoxic risk in health-care professionals occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva-Júnior ◽  
Ronan Adler Tavella ◽  
Caroline Lopes Feijo Fernandes ◽  
Alexandra Silveira Mortola ◽  
Gianni Goulart Peraza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
External Control ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential influence of occupational ionizing radiation (IR) exposure on health professionals, assessing DNA damage using the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays and analyzing relative risks, correlations, and associated factors between outcomes and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Blood and buccal samples were collected from 36 workers, who actively participated in an imaging sector of a hospital, who were either exposed to IR directly or indirectly (9 internal control and 27 exposed), and 27 individuals living in the same city but with no occupational exposure (external control, unexposed/healthy). All radiation dosages performed on the 36 workers were less than 20 mSv/y, not exceeding the effective dose limit for occupational exposure. A questionnaire identified socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with the outcomes. The results of the MN assay showed a significant difference between both internal control and the exposed group when compared to the external control. For the comet assay, there were significant differences between the percent of tail DNA of the exposed group and external controls, but no difference was found between the exposed group and internal controls. Relative risk associations were found in time of exposure, hours worked per week, and perceived stress. Correlations were found between the outcomes and age, consumption of alcohol, and frequencies of X-rays during life. Variables that showed to be significant in the adjusted analysis were skin color and recent exposure to radiation. Albeit limited, the findings of this study suggest genotoxicity in both blood and buccal mucosa cells of workers exposed directly or indirectly to IR and that lifestyle and socioeconomic factors are associated and correlated with the risk of developing these outcomes.

Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma Serotonin Level and Quantitative Neutrophil PRV-1 Assay in Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4740-4740
Author(s):  
Cody A. Koch ◽  
Terra L. Lasho ◽  
Ayalew Tefferi
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disease ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Myeloid Metaplasia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

Abstract In a prospective study of 100 subjects, an ELISA assay was used to measure platelet-rich plasma (PRP) serotonin levels in patients with polycythemia vera (PV; n=26), essential thrombocythemia (ET; n=14), myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM; n=26), secondary or spurious polycythemia (SP; n=20) and controls (n=14). Neutrophil PRV-1 expression was concurrently assayed by real-time PCR in 69 patients (23 PV, 17 SP, 12 ET, 7 MMM, 10 controls). Table 1 outlines the median and range of measured values across the different study groups. Table 1 Controls SP PV ET MMM Age in years N/A 49 (18–77) 64 (32–83) 52 (18–81) 60 (22–80) Plt count x 109/L N/A 249 (157–371) 509 (191–940) 613 (284–1100) 259 (64–955) PRP serotonin; ng/109 plts 567 (360–1071) 609 (369–1780) 205 (0–496) 385 (137–1026) 90 (0–278) PRV-1/GAPDH ratio 1.28 (1.20–1.43) 1.23 (1.13–1.38) 1.03 (0.84–1.28) 1.24 (0.99–1.44) 1.25 (1.11–1.40) A highly significant difference (p &lt; 0.0001), in PRP serotonin levels, was seen among the different disease categories and control group (table 1). The lowest levels were registered for MMM and PV with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.015) but a large degree of overlap. The results in both were significantly as well as markedly lower than those of controls as well as SP with only slight overlap in the PV group and no overlap in the MMM group (p &lt; 0.0001; table 1). The PRP serotonin levels in patients with ET were significantly reduced compared to both controls (p = 0.019) and SP (p = 0.002) and significantly increased compared to both PV (p = 0.0008) and MMM (p &lt; 0.0001). However, there was a substantial degree of overlap in values between ET and other disease categories and controls. Neither aspirin nor cytoreductive therapy correlated with PRP serotonin levels (p = 0.116 and p = 0.148, respectively). Similarly, within a specific disease category, PRP serotonin level did not significantly correlate with platelet count, hemoglobin level, leukocyte count, spleen size, disease duration, or gender. However, an inverse correlation with age was noted only in MMM. In general, there was not a significant correlation between PRP serotonin level and neutrophil PRV-1 expression in each of the three myeloproliferative disease variants. Tests of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in distinguishing PV from SP were 92, 95, and 93% for the PRP serotonin assay and 78, 95, 86% for neutrophil PRV-1 assay, respectively. The current study suggests that PRP serotonin concentration might be considered as one of several biological markers that complement each other for the diagnosis of PV.

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