scholarly journals Use of California mastitis test, somatic cells count and bacteriological findings in diagnostics of subclinical mastitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Varatanovic ◽  
M. Podzo ◽  
T. Mutevelic ◽  
K. Podzo ◽  
B. Cengic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Racial Origin ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Reaction Intensity ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Continuous Use

We have performed diagnostics of sub clinical mastitis in three different cow breeds with comparison of California mastitis test results, somatic cells count at quarter level and with bacteriological findings confirmation in order to justify their appliance in mastitis diagnostics. In total, 90 cows or 360 quarters of mammary gland have been examined. In 63.3 % of the examined cows, with different racial origin, positive reaction to California mastitis test have been established. Usually, positive reaction have been found in milk of one and two quarters, with reaction intensity of one and two plus. SSC higher than 200.000 in 1 ml is established in 60 % of cases and the most often causes of mastitis were staphylococcae, streptococcae and mixed infections. With continuous use of this methods it is possible to timely detect presence of sub clinical mastitis and so to obtain satisfactory results in prevention and therapy of mastitis, as well as improvement in amount and quality of milk.

scholarly journals Research on subclinical mastitis and its ethiology in different breeds of cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-374
Author(s):  
N. Varatanovic ◽  
B. Cengic ◽  
E. Imsirevic
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Quality Of Milk

Detection of subclinical mastitis in five different breeds of cows were done on the territory of a municipality Kljuc, through all four year seasons by using the California mastitis test, at the level of the udder?s quarter with a certificate of bacteriological findings in order to justify their application in the diagnosis of mastitis. In total, 2150 cows of different breed composition: Simmental 1090, red Holstein 322, Holstein-Friesian 340, montafon 108 and various crossbreeds of 290 in total. After 1978 tested cows, 56.02% of cases had positive reactions to the California mastitis test. The most common positive reaction we found in the milk was in one or two quarters with the intensity of the reaction of one and two plus. The most common causes of mastitis were staphylococci, streptococci and mixed infections. Continuing use of these methods it is possible to timely detect the presence of subclinical mastitis and get satisfactory results in the prevention and treatment of mastitis as well as increasing the quantity and improving the quality of milk.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS EFFECTS ON LIVE WEIGHT, BODY CONDITION SCORE (BCS) AND EXTERNAL UDDER MEASUREMENTS OF DORPER SHEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Amirah Wan-Azemin ◽  
Asmad Kari ◽  
Nadiawati Alias
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Dorper Sheep ◽  
Quality Of Milk

Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland that can be classified as clinical and subclinical mastitis. The clinical mastitis can be diagnosed based on clinical signs, whilst subclinical mastitis mostly through somatic cell count (SCC). This study was carried out to determine the subclinical mastitis effects on live weight, body condition score (BCS) and external udder traits of Dorper sheep. A total 16 Dorper ewes were selected and screened for mastitis using the Californian mastitis test (CMT). The live weight, BCS and external udder traits (i.e. udder length (UL), udder width (UW), rear udder depth (RUD), cistern depth (CD) and teat length (TL) of the ewes were measured. The subclinical mastitis did not affect the live weight and BCS of Dorper ewes. Whilst for external udder measurements; the highest average of udder length, udder width, rear udder depth and cistern depth were indicated in CMT score as strong positive which shows that the measurement values of external ewes’ udder are increased when the strength detection of CMT scores increased and vice versa. However, all of the external udder parameters measured were not statistically (P>0.05) affected by the mastitis infection scores. The present results indicate that live weight, BCS and all external udder parameters did not influence the subclinical mastitis detected in the milk’s samples of the ewes. This study suggests that subclinical mastitis does not directly affected by morphology alteration of external udder traits, live weight or BCS, however it is likely affect the quality of milk produced.

scholarly journals PENYULUHAN MASTITIS SUBKLINIS DAN KEGIATAN UJI CALIFORNIA MASTITIS TEST PADA SAPI PERAH DI KOPERASI UNIT DESA KECAMATAN NGANCAR, KABUPATEN KEDIRI, JAWA TIMUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Yulianna Puspitasari ◽  
Wiwiek Tyasningsih ◽  
Jola Rahmahani ◽  
Suwarno Suwarno ◽  
Sri Chusniati
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSubclinical mastitis is an inflammation of the udder that often attacks livestock, especially milk-producing livestock. The impact of the subclinical mastitis losses is quite large, including a drastic decrease in the quantity and quality of milk, but no pathological changes were found in cows. The Karya Bhakti Village Unit Cooperative (VUC) is a center for milk production in the Kediri Regency which accommodates dairy cows' milk products from people's farms in the Kediri Regency. The low awareness of farmers in the management of livestock health care and hygiene results in low productivity and quality of milk and the high incidence of subclinical mastitis. This encourages counseling about subclinical mastitis. The socialization method used for counseling were carried out by presenting material about subclinical mastitis with lecture techniques (power point slides), videos about the method of early detection of subclinical mastitis using California Mastitis Test (CMT), conducting demonstrations of testing milk samples using the CMT method and discussion about the material that has been delivered as an indicator of the success of counseling. This series of counseling activities is an effort to reduce the incidence of subclinical mastitis through increasing public knowledge and understanding. This activity also has a positive impact by reducing infectious diseases, especially subclinical mastitis in livestock so that the health of livestock and products from livestock will also be guaranteed both in terms of quality and quantity.Keywords: mastitis, subclinical mastitis, cows, Counseling, CMTAbstrakMastitis subklinis merupakan radang ambing yang sering menyerang hewan ternak khususnya ternak penghasil susu. Dampak kerugian mastitis subklinis diantaranya penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas susu secara drastis, namun tidak ditemukan adanya perubahan patologis pada sapi.  Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Karya Bhakti merupakan KUD yang menjadi sentra penghasil susu di Wilayah Kabupaten Kediri yang menampung hasil susu sapi perah dari peternakan – peternakan rakyat di Wilayah Kabupaten Kediri. Rendahnya kesadaran peternak dalam manajemen kesehatan ternak dan hiegienitas kandang mengakibatkan rendahnya produktivitas dan kualitas susu serta masih tingginya angka kejadian mastitis subklinis.  Angka kejadian mastitis subklinis yang tinggi ini mendorong untuk dilakukan penyuluhan mengenai mastitis subklinis. Metode sosialisasi yang digunakan untuk penyuluhan adalah menggunakan alat peraga berupa slide power point yang berisikan materi mastitis subklinis, video metode deteksi dini mastitis subklinis menggunakan California Mastitis Test(CMT), demonstrasi CMT pada sampel susu serta tanya jawab seputar materi yang telah disampaikan sebagai salah satu indikator keberhasilan penyuluhan. Rangkaian kegiatan penyuluhan ini sebagai upaya untuk menekan angka kejadian mastitis subklinis melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat. Kegiatan ini juga memberikan dampak positif dengan menurunnya penyakit infeksi khususnya mastitis subklinis pada hewan ternak sehingga kesehatan hewan ternak dan produk asal hewan ternak juga akan terjamin baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitasnya.Kata Kunci: mastitis, mastitis subklinis, sapi perah, penyuluhan, CMT

Variations in the levels of acute-phase proteins and lactoferrin in serum and milk during bovine subclinical mastitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aarsha Raj ◽  
Vinodkumar Kulangara ◽  
Tresamol P. Vareed ◽  
Deepa P. Melepat ◽  
Latha Chattothayil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Bacterial Organism

Abstract Variations in the levels of acute phase proteins and lactoferrin in serum and milk for diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows are described in this research paper. Milking animals from two organized dairy farms in Kerala, India, were screened by California Mastitis Test (CMT), Electrical Conductivity test (EC) and Somatic Cell Count (SCC) test to identify animals affected with sub clinical mastitis (SCM). The concentrations of acute phase proteins (APP) Haptoglobin (Hp), C- reactive protein (CRP), Albumin, Lactoferrin (Lf) and α- 1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) in milk and Hp, Albumin, Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and CRP in the serum of 40 normal cows and 40 cows affected with sub clinical mastitis were assessed. Solid phase ELISA was employed for assessment of all parameters except the albumin levels, for which spectrophotometry was used. The values of Hp in milk; and SAA, AGP and Lf in serum, were significantly elevated in the group with sub clinical mastitis. Such variations were found to be independent of the specific bacterial organism causing the disease. These results show that significant variations exist in the levels of acute phase proteins Hp, AGP and Lf in milk, and SAA in serum of animals affected with subclinical bovine mastitis that are not affected by specific bacterial etiology.

THE ROLE OF COW PROCESSING IN IMPROVEMENT MILK QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
G. A. Larionov ◽  
◽  
O. Yu. Сhecheneshkina ◽  
E. S. Yatrusheva ◽  
N. I. Yendierov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor of determining the level of sanitary and hygienic indicators of the quality of milk produced is the hygiene of milking cows. The study of the role of hygiene of milking is of great importance for a correct understanding of the ways of solving the problem of obtaining high quality milk. Special attention of scientists and practitioners in recent years are focused on the development and implementation of highly effective detergents and disinfectants in the production of milk of cows. Many researchers and practitioners have directed their work to developing measures to prevent the entry of pathogenic microflora into milk during and after milking cows. In spite of many researches carried out, aimed at controlling the number of somatic cells in milk with the use of different products based on lactic acid, chlorhexidine and iodine, the problem of high quality milk production remains unresolved. In our work results of researches on the use of probiotic means for treatment of udders of cows are given. Processing the udder of cows with probiotic means before milking by Skin Cleaner, after milking by PIP Cow Teat Cleaner reduced the amount of somatic cells in cow milk 12,8-84,0%. The use of probiotic means Biomastim lowed somatic cell count of 18,4-51,9%. Microbiological contamination of milk using probiotic means for processing the udder before milking Skin Cleaner, after milking PIP Cow Teat Cleaner decreased 4,9- 70,4 times. The application of probiotic means Biomastim after milking on the teats led to the decrease in milk of cows QMAFAnM 5,0-6,6 times.

scholarly journals The Impact of Mastitis on Reproductive Parameters of Dairy Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
F. Zigo ◽  
A. Adamová ◽  
M. Vasiľ ◽  
J. Elečko ◽  
S. Ondrašovičová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Service Period ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of mastitis and its impact on the reproductive parameters in a herd of 180 dairy cows. Based on the herd records 127 cows of Slovak spotted cattle and their crosses with red Holstein were selected for study between 1—2 months after calving. The examination of the health status of the mammary glands consisted of: the clinical examination of the udder, the California mastitis test (CMT) supplemented by the collection of mixed milk samples, and the laboratory examination of bacterial pathogens causing the mastitis. In addition to the mam­mary investigation, reproduction indicators such as the length of the insemination interval, the service period, the intercalving period and the insemination index were also analyzed. The results of this study indicated: a high incidence of mastitis (41.6 %), especially latent (21.2 %), subclinical (15.7 %) and clinical (4.7 %) forms were most common in the herd. The most frequently isolated bacteria from the infected milk samples were: coagulase negative staphylococci (54.1 %), S. aureus (16.9 %), Streptococcus spp. (15.0 %), A. viridans (7.5 %) and Ent. faecalis (6.4 %). According to the available literature, the optimum values of the intercalving period were 365—400 days, the insemination interval 55—80 days, the insemination index 1.2—2 and the service period 60—110 days. In comparison, our results showed increased, unsatisfactory reproductive values in the group of dairy cows with clinical mastitis. While in healthy cows as well as in groups of cows with latent and subclinical mastitis, all of the reproductive indicators were within the optimal levels.

scholarly journals Preliminary study of homeopathic treatment of subclinical mastitis evaluated through somatic cells count (SCC) and California mastitis test (CMT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Zilda Cristiani Gazim ◽  
Orlando Seiko Takemura ◽  
Luiz Cláudio Monteiro da Silva ◽  
Carlos Massambani ◽  
Roberson Eduardo Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Homeopathic Treatment ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Study

The present paper presents the results of homeopathic treatment of 25 Holstein breed cows aged 3 to 8 years old diagnosed with subclinical mastitis through California Mastitis Test (CMT). Animals were divided into 3 groups according with infection level. A homeopathic complex was developed on the grounds of clinical aspects, including Phosphorus 30x, Phytolacca 30x, Silicea 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x and biotherapic of Staphylococcus aureus 200x. The remedy was added to salt and was administered to cattle 100g/cow/day for 75 days. CMT were carried out every 2 weeks to control incidence and severity of mastitis; somatic cells count (SCC) was performed at the beginning and the end of treatment. CMT showed significant improvement in regression of infection level all throughout the study; final SCC showed decrease in 82% of animals, signaling thus efficacy of the homeopathic treatment. Keywords:  Subclinical mastitis; Dairy cows; Homeopathy; California Mastitis Test, Somatic Cells Count.   Estudo preliminar do tratamento homeopático da mastite subclínica avaliado por contagem de células somáticas (SCC) e California Mastitis Test (CMT) Resumo Este artigo apresenta os resultados do tratamento homeopático de 25 vacas raça Holstein entre 3 e 8 anos de idade diagnosticadas com mastite subclínica através do California Mastitis Test (CMT). Os animais foram divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com o nível da infecção. Foi preparado um complexo homeopático com base nos achados clínicos, composto de: Phosphorus 30X, Phytolacca 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Silicea 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x s 30X, Phytolacca 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Silicea 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x e bioterápico de Staphylococcus aureus 200x. O complexo foi acrescentado no sal e administrado na dose de 100g/vaca/dia. O CMT foi realizado a cada 2 semanas a fim de monitorar a incidéncia e gravidade da mastitie; a contagem de células somáticas (SCC) foi realizada ao início e no final do tratamento. Os valores do CMT mostraram melhora significativa no sentido de regressão do nível da infecção ao longo do estudo; o valor final da SCC diminuiu em 82% dos animais, apontando para a eficácia do tratamento homeopático. Palavras-chave:  Mastite subclínica; Vacas leiteiras; Homeopatia; CMT, contagem de células somáticas.   Estudio preliminar del tratamiento homeopático de la mastitis sublínica evaluado mediante recuento de células somáticas (SCC) y California Mastitis Test (CMT) Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados del tratamiento homeopático de 25 vacas raza Holstein entre 3 e 8 años de edad diagnosticadas com mastitis sucblínica mediante California Mastitis Test (CMT). Los animales fueron divididos en 3 grupos según el nível de la infección. Fue compuesto un complejo homeopático con base en la presentación clínica, incluyendo Phosphorus 30X, Phytolacca 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Silicea 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x y bioterápico de Staphylococcus aureus 200x. El complejo fue agregado en sal y administrado a los animales en la dosis de 100g/vaca/día. CMT fue realizado cada 2 semanas para monitorizar la incidencia y gravedad de la mastitis; recuento de células somáticas (SCC) fue realizado al inicio y al final del tratamiento. CMT mostró mejoría significativa en el sentido de regresión del nivel de la infección a lo largo del estudio; el valor final del SCC disminuyó en 82% de los animales, apuntando para la eficacia del tratamiento homeopático. Palabras-clave:  Mastitis subclínica; Vacas lecheras; Homeopatía; CMT, recuento de células somáticas.   Correspondence author:  Zilda Cristiani Gazim, [email protected] How to cite this article:  Barzon CD, Medeiros F, Moraes RE, Silva LCM, Massambani C, Takemura OS, Gazim ZC. Preliminary study of homeopathic treatment of subclinical mastitis evaluated through somatic cells count and California mastitis test. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]; 7(24): 147-151. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/292/364.  

Isolation and characterization of mastitis pathogens and milk composition changes in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during winter season

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Thakur ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Gajendra Kumar Aseri ◽  
Archana Verma ◽  
Sikander S. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Quality Of Milk

Present investigation was carried out to study the prevalence of bacterial pathogens in clinical and subclinical mastitis in buffaloes during winter season. A total of 118 Murrah buffaloes were screened using California mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples were collected and analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, SNF, pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) and Somatic Cell Counts (SCC). Out of 118 milk samples, 60 samples (50.84%) were negative for CMT and 58 samples (49.15%) were detected positive for mastitis incidence. Milk pH and EC was significantly higher (p<0.05) in mastitis affected samples than the normal ones, however, protein, fat, SNF and lactose were lower (p<0.05). SCC ranged between 1.28-1.48 x 105 cells/ml (in normal milk samples as compared to 3.85-6.21x 105 cells/ ml (p<0.05) in mastitis milk samples. Out of 58 samples only 51 samples exhibited bacterial growth. The culturally examined and characterized samples revealed S. aureus (35.29%) as the predominant bacteria followed by S. agalactiae with an isolation rate of 25.49%. The incidence of coliforms bacteria was not detected in any of the sample cultured and examined. It was concluded that mastitis incidence adversely affect quality of milk by increasing the SCC, pH and EC of milk. Appropriate measures needs to be taken to prevent the incidence of S. aureus bacteria which was the major causative agent.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Sensitivity to Antibiotics and Bacteriocins of Pathogens Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Family Dairy Herds of Central Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Fabiola León-Galván ◽  
José E. Barboza-Corona ◽  
A. Arianna Lechuga-Arana ◽  
Mauricio Valencia-Posadas ◽  
Daniel D. Aguayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis

Thirty-two farms (n=535cows) located in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, were sampled. Pathogens from bovine subclinical mastitis (SCM) and clinical mastitis (CLM) were identified by 16S rDNA and the sensitivity to both antibiotics and bacteriocins ofBacillus thuringiensiswas tested. Forty-six milk samples were selected for their positive California Mastitis Test (CMT) (≥3) and any abnormality in the udder or milk. The frequency of SCM and CLM was 39.1% and 9.3%, respectively. Averages for test day milk yield (MY), lactation number (LN), herd size (HS), and number of days in milk (DM) were 20.6 kg, 2.8 lactations, 16.7 animals, and 164.1 days, respectively. MY was dependent on dairy herd (DH), LN, HS, and DMP<0.01, and correlations between udder quarters from the CMT were around 0.49P<0.01. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were mainly identified, as well asStaphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus uberis,Brevibacterium stationis,B. conglomeratum, andStaphylococcus agnetis. Bacterial isolates were resistant to penicillin, clindamycin, ampicillin, and cefotaxime. Bacteriocins synthesized byBacillus thuringiensisinhibited the growth of multiantibiotic resistance bacteria such asS. agnetis,S. equorum,Streptococcus uberis,Brevibacterium stationis, andBrachybacterium conglomeratum, but they were not active againstS. sciuri, a microorganism that showed an 84% resistance to antibiotics tested in this study.

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