scholarly journals Motives of Pilgrims for visiting Monasteries Visoki Decani and Pecka Patrijarsija

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Milena Nedeljkovic-Knezevic ◽  
Maja Mijatov ◽  
Tatjana Pivac ◽  
Sladjana Nedeljkovic
Keyword(s):  
Christian Church ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
The People ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The Republic

The period of returning the people to religion, that is evident in the last two decades, increased the number of the pilgrimage tours all over the world, including the Republic of Serbia. This research is oriented towards determination of different motives of Orthodox Christian Church Pilgrims from Serbia for visiting two monasteries important for Serbian medieval cultural heritage, catalogued on the UNESCO World Heritage List, the Monastery Visoki Decani and the Monastery Pecka Patrijarsija, as monasteries of high cultural and historical importance, with rich traditional spirituality, authentic architecture and fresco painting heritage. Both monasteries have significant role in the religious life of Serbians, but they also represent important symbols of the national identity among the Serbian people. Nowadays, the pilgrimage tours for visiting these monasteries are occurring in difficult conditions for Serbian citizens, due to the problem related to the safety and security situation and political conditions. This research was conducted in order to identify are there differences in pilgrims? motivation for travelling, according to their socio-demographic characteristics. Thus, the focus on researching the motives of Serbian citizens for conducting the pilgrimage tours to these monasteries is significantly enhanced by the fact that visits to these monasteries involve even a risk for the life safety among the Serbian pilgrims. For conducting the research, we used the questionnaire with the identified 6 factors as possible motives for the pilgrimage.

The Influences and Importance of the UNESCO World Heritage List: The Case of Plaošnik, Ohrid

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Milojković ◽  
Milan Brzaković ◽  
Marko Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Religious Architecture ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

The World Heritage List was created as a result of the need to protect and conserve cultural and natural heritage. The Ohrid region is one of only 28 sites on UNESCO’s World Heritage List that are both cultural and natural sites. Ohrid is one of the oldest human settlements in Europe, boasting exquisite medieval religious architecture, as well as urban architecture from the 18th and 19th centuries. The site of Plaošnik is a large archaeological and historic location in Ohrid’s old town that witnessed all cultural eras from prehistory to Ottoman, but most importantly it was the location of the oldest Slavic monastery and the first Slavic University in the Balkans. In 2007, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Macedonia prepared a controversial plan of activities for the instauration of St. Clement’s University at Plaošnik. The main interest of this study is the position of cultural heritage in the evolution of a town, and the treatment of heritage in this process, shown through the case of Plaošnik; it focuses on the influence of pressure for (re)development projects on the key elements of an area recognized by the World Heritage List, as well as the influence of the World Heritage List, as an international legal instrument, on the preservation of these features.

scholarly journals GDAŃSK NA LIŚCIE ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA UNESCO – 20 LAT STARAŃ I NIEWYKORZYSTANYCH SZANS

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Marcin Gawlicki
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Republic

The abstract of this article presents efforts undertaken during the last two decades, to put Gdańsk – one of the oldest cities of the Republic of Poland – on UNESCO World Heritage List and, based on archival materials and the author’s own experience, analyses the reasons for the ineffectiveness of those attempts. The criteria to achieve this goal have been subject to a number of changes and modifications. The development of conservation concepts of the last decades, especially seeing the intangible heritage values, has created an opportunity for a broad appreciation of places, typically attributable to the reflexive points of modern history. It is the Solidarity Shipyard, perpetuated in the public consciousness, which still remains such a place. Whether it will prove worthy of the World Heritage List, should be decided by the persons responsible for its contemporary protection.

scholarly journals Alexandru Popa, Frontiera Imperiului Roman din Dacia în drum spre Lista patrimoniului mondial. Pro bleme și responsabilităţi pentru cercetarea arheologică, protecția patrimoniu lui și turism / The Limes of the Roman Empire in Dacia on its way to the World Heritage List. Problems and responsibilities for archaeological research, heritage preservation and tourism

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-184
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Heritage Protection

Today, limes is an en vogue term in Romania. Scientific research, heritage protection and, more recently, politic discourse – they all deal, directly or indirectly, with issues regarding the Frontiers of the Roman Empire in today’s Romania. In the context of nominating the Frontiers of the Roman Empire as a serial site of UNESCO World Heritage, each of the previously mentioned domains has its responsibilities towards the monument itself. In this study I focus on explaining the different understandings of the term limes. Next, I found it rather important and well-timed to discuss the main tasks and obligations of archaeological research, of the industry of tourism and of archaeological heritage protection in Romania throughout the entire process of nominating and inscribing the Limes on the UNESCO List, as well as after this process is long over.

scholarly journals Uzbekistan is Pearl of the East

2018 ◽  
pp. 438-446
Author(s):  
Alisher Abdualiev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
The World ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Tea Ceremony

The author describes the rapidly developing tourism industry in Uzbekistan. The country purports to become one of the most frequented tourist attractions in the world, as attested to by its many achievements. Since 1993, the country has been a member of the UN World Tourism Organization. The author dwells on the results of tremendous work on the overhaul of the tourist industry, transport and hotel infrastructure. The country has also seen the development and perfection of the appropriate legal framework and new national terminology standards. The author points out that the establishment of programmes for the development of tourism opportunities in various regions of Uzbekistan is ongoing, whereby nearly 450 projects are planned. The regions work upon development of agri- and ecotourism. The measures on simplification and bringing to the world standards the visa process and registration of foreign citizens became highly important for Uzbekistan. The author concludes that such measures have resulted in an increase of number of tourists by 32,7 percent, as compared with the previous year. The export of tourist services has increased by 18,3 percent. According to the author, the main attractions of Uzbekistan for foreign tourists are peace, stability, the atmosphere of mutual respect and welfare; the resources available allow developing all kinds of tourism. Nowadays, Uzbekistan can boast about business, recreation, historical and architectural, folklore and ethnographical, religious and other kinds of tourism. The author emphasizes ecotourism is an important direction. Uzbekistan is a nice place for randonneurs, fans of bicycle touring, etc. The author pays attention to relations between Uzbekistan and Ukraine. It is said that the two states are in search of new forms of cooperation, with Ukraine being a tourist partner of Uzbekistan. The author also describes the cognitive aspect of the aforementioned tourism, namely about peculiarities of Uzbek families. Respect for elder people, tea ceremony as an element of hospitality, rules of etiquette while staying in an Uzbek house, and interesting traditions all serve to multiply the desire to visit the sunny Uzbekistan. Keywords: the Republic of Uzbekistan, tourist sphere, International Organization for Standardization (ISO), UNESCO World Heritage, Uzbekistan-Ukraine relations.

scholarly journals Legal Analysis of the Mass Corruption Phenomenon of Board Members and Criminal Liability

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Jonasmer Simatupang
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Indonesia unitary state ia a legal state based on the constitution. In a country that adheres to democracy, the law become the supreme commander in a effort to eradicate criminal cases and included acts of corruption corruption crime in Indonesia is a social issues that has never been exhausted to be discussed, in the world of law, this has been included in  the category of extradionary crime because is not only harms the state, but the practice also violates the social and economic rights of the community a large so that eradication action must also be carried out with extradionary legal force. A pattern or phenomena of bulk corruption is recently revealed by the people’s deputy officials. Almost the world room of the representative of the people of good people at the local people until the center was ever searched and representative of the people were brought to committing corruption in a way of like a budget, received a bribe and so forth. The practice has occured in the area of North Sumatera and city Malang. Various of these cases made the reputation of the people’s institutions deterioting among the people. Through this writing by analizing and investigating more deeply technical and systematic practice of the board members in the distorting the budget.

scholarly journals Social Unrest and Spiritual Agitation in Present-Day Japan

1922 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-322
Author(s):  
Masaharu Anesaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
International Justice ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Social Reconstruction ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

In many aspects of social life Japan shares with the whole world the consequences of the World War, particularly in the intricate connections between social unrest and spiritual agitation. Japan had passed through two wars in recent times; they aroused the nation to national self-consciousness, but they brought also many new problems. Yet those wars were fought far from Japan itself, and did not bring home the disasters and miseries of war. In the World War Japan took a part, but it remained for the people a matter of distant lands. Thus they were comparatively indifferent to the various issues raised by the war, such as the combat between militarism and democracy, the questions of international justice and the self-determination of nations, the problems of peace and social reconstruction. Moreover, their indignation against the aggressive Occident led the people to discredit the pleas of the allies against Germany, and often to incline to sympathize with the German claim of “a place in the sun.” These circumstances tended to keep the Japanese comparatively untouched by the problems created by the war. But the collapse of the great empires and the final outcome of the war could not fail to produce a profound impression among the Japanese. Although the people at large did not realize the whole situation, yet the gravity of the changes and problems was more or less fully grasped, and serious thought was stirred on social and religious questions.

The Irish Race Conference, 1922, reconsidered

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (127) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Keown
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Family Reunion ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Irish People ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Race ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
World Organisation

The Irish Race Conference met in Paris at the end of January 1922 to initiate a new world organisation that would link the people of Ireland with their cousins around the globe. The gathering of delegates attracted comment wherever the Irish had settled, and even the Belfast Telegraph noted its opening ceremonies. The South African Irish newspaper, The Republic, heralded the conference as a ‘family reunion on a world wide scale’, but, like many family gatherings, disagreement was to follow in its wake. The idea of a conference was first mooted in February 1921 by the Irish Republican Association of South Africa (I.R.A.S.A.), to support the efforts then being made to win international recognition for an independent Irish republic. However, the I.R.A.S.A. did not see its work stopping there, envisaging the creation of a worldwide organisation that would link the Irish overseas with their compatriots at home. Over the following months the idea was developed into plans for an Irish International that would pursue a programme of social, cultural and economic objectives in Ireland and abroad. As The Republic explained, It is not the Ireland of four millions that we are thinking of now, nor even merely the potential Ireland of ten or fifteen millions. We are thinking also of the Greater Ireland, the Magna Hibernia across the seas, the millions of Irish people throughout the world. Though these Irish are now citizens of their adopted lands, they must not be, and they are not, wholly lost to Ireland. They also are to share in the great destiny of their motherland.Just how such wide-ranging aims were to be realised would prove a matter of dissent among delegates when they assembled twelve months later in Paris. But in February 1921 the proposal inspired only enthusiasm and hope for the future.The idea of the conference was a product of the belief prevalent at the time that the Irish had ‘yet to give to the world the best which is in them’. The official programme for the new race organisation captured this sentiment, declaring the organisers’ belief that ‘Ireland has much to give to the world’. It was widely expected that this potential would be realised once the Irish were free to govern themselves. It is thus ironic that it was ultimately over the relationship between the new Irish government and the overseas Irish that the conference, and all its worthy ambitions, would founder.

scholarly journals History of self-determination of the people of Donbass. experience of the Soviet Republic of Donetsk and Krivoy Rog

2019 ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Vladislav V. Gruzdev ◽  
Dmitriy A. Babichev ◽  
Natal'ya A. Babicheva
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Historical Past

The article is devoted to the burning problem that arose in 2014 in the Ukraine, in the regions of Lugansk and Donetsk, and that concerns the right of the people of Donbass to self-determination. This problem is not only of a local territorial nature, but it is also one of the most complex debatable problems of international law. Since the right to self-determination contradicts the principle of territorial integrity of the state, the consideration and solution of this issue is the most burning for the whole population living on the territory of the self-proclaimed people's republics of Lugansk and Donetsk. In the article, the authors analyse the concept of "self-determination of the people" and give a generalised characteristic of it, approving that it is the right of every nation to solve the issues of state structure, political status, economic, social and cultural development independently and at its own discretion. The author also examines the historical past of the people of Donbass, where, in terms of the Republic of Donetsk and Krivoy Rog and various documentary historical and legal materials, we come to the conclusion that the population of Donbass has the right to social, economic, cultural, spiritual and other development just as all the recognised countries of the world.

scholarly journals HUMANIZING VILNIUS OLD TOWN BY THE SUMP MEASURES: WHEN LESS IS MORE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Burinskienė ◽  
Vaida Vabuolytė ◽  
Gintaras Stauskis
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
The People ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Smart Traffic ◽  
Traffic Organization ◽  
The City ◽  
Town Area

The Old Town of Vilnius City is a valuable site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the most important tasks is to protect the area from noise, pollution, and vibration caused by transport. Currently, over 30,000 vehicles cross the Old Town core daily, most of which do not have a destination in the Old Town, and drivers only use a shorter route to connect within the city. To this purpose, the Vilnius City Municipality has developed a Loop Traffic Scheme in the Old Town of Vilnius, which allows only loop traffic, i.e. for entry/exit to/from a specific restricted area. The main purpose of the article is the discussion and evaluation of measures how the Old Town area can be returned to the people (i.e., pedestrians, cyclists, public transport) to minimize traffic flows and eliminate transit traffic. To achieve smart solutions and to open public spaces for Old Town residents and visitors, we compare different traffic organization and parking measures, analyse their efficiency. We propose integrating innovative technological solutions and smart tools (parking, ridesharing system, integrated pedestrian and bicycle routes, smart traffic control, etc.) by using the best practices of other cities. As a result, we propose the methodology for humanizing open spaces in the Old Town area and beyond.

scholarly journals ROLA „LIGI POLSKICH MIAST I MIEJSC UNESCO” W OCHRONIE DZIEDZICTWA KULTUROWEGO

2017 ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Fiderewicz
Keyword(s):  
Good Condition ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Registered Office ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Annual Amount ◽  
Unesco Sites

„League of Polish Cities and UNESCO Sites” [„Liga Polskich Miast i Miejsc UNESCO”] was founded in 2004, on the 2nd Forum of Polish Cities and UNESCO Sites in Jawor. The League was established by local government representatives and curators of Polish UNESCO List Sites. In 2005 the Local Tourist Organisation Association „League of Polish Cities and UNESCO Sites” was set up, which was officially registered in and started to operate 2006. The League is located in Toruń, and it has its registered office in the Toruń City Hall.The statutory objective of the League is to initiate and support actions aimed at maintaining in good condition Polish cities and sites inscribed in the World Heritage List, ensuring their proper use and promotion. According to the League, a model action guaranteeing conditions for proper protection of UNESCO sites is the creation of dedicated funds, similar to the National Fund for the Revaluation of Historic Buildings and Monuments in Krakow, with an annual amount of funds granted from the budget of the Chancellery of the President of the Republic of Poland. Similar actions could be undertaken with regard to the Historic Monuments.In 2012 the League established a financial support scheme, financed from its own funds, in the form of a grant for the purpose of pursuance of the Association’s statutory tasks, in particular financing necessary investments in conservation work, restoration works and other works carried out on sites inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

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