scholarly journals Footnote in a global history: On histories of feminisms

Sociologija ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-89
Author(s):  
Adriana Zaharijevic
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Global History ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Nancy Fraser ◽  
Alternative Reading ◽  
Citizenship Regime

The paper attempts to offer an alternative reading of the history of Yugoslav feminism. It focuses on birth and development of feminism during socialism, and its aftermath in times of war and disintegration of the common state. What were the trajectories of feminism that emerged in a socialist state? What were its chosen paths when both socialism and the state ceased to exist? The conceptual framework the paper uses draws upon the notion of citizenship regime, which offers a more intricate picture then those customarily used in elaborations of (post-)Yugoslav feminism - either those that compare feminism and nationalism, or those that rely on the wider comparison of feminism and capitalism. In the light of the latter remark, Nancy Fraser?s article ?Feminism, Capitalism, and the Cunning of History? proved to be valuable for the argument on the complexities of (post-) Yugoslav feminism. Thus, the paper calls for a meticulous reading of the paradoxes of the local history of feminism.

scholarly journals AN INTRODUCTORY REVIEW ABOUT DEFENCE MANAGEMENT: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
P. Balathandayutham ◽  
V. Muralidharan
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
The State ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
The Common ◽  
Acquisition Management ◽  
The Military ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Actual Control ◽  
Introductory Review

The concept of management refers to the process to plan, to organize, to staff, to direct and to control the activities in any organization for achieving the common goal in a very systematic manner. Further, the term management refers to both a method of science art to empower individuals and to make an institution more efficient and effective when compared to the state without the manager and the management. As a process of the institution, the management lies amidst the policy formation for and the actual control and command of the forces in the military sector. management covers elements like management of the resources of sector, management of the personnel in the field and acquisition management.

scholarly journals A Conceptual History of Civil Society: From Greek Beginnings to the End of Marx

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris DeWiel
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
French Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ways Of Life

The idea of civil society has undergone a renaissance in recent years, but missing from this literature is an explanation for its historical transformation in meaning. Originally civil society was synonymous with political society, but the common modem meaning emphasizes autonomy from the state. This paper traces this historical transformation within the context of the history of ideas, and suggests that the critical event was an eighteenth-century reaction against the rationalistic universalism associated with the French Enlightenment. The continued significance of the question of universalism is suggested by the fact that universalistic Marxist Leninist theories provided the ideological underpinnings for the destruction of civil society in Eastern European nations. The paper concludes that three elements are essential to the modern understanding of civil society: its autonomy from the state, its interdependence with the state, and the pluralism of values, ideals and ways of life embodied in its institutions.

Discussant

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Natalia Sadomskaya
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Interesting Article ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Prague Spring ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems

I'll start with culture. Today we have been speaking principally about culture in the republics. I would like to address the common problems facing the post-Soviet republics. I agree with Edward Allworth that there is a crisis or trauma not only for the national intellectuals, but for intellectuals as a whole. This is especially a trauma for intellectuals who were supported by the state. They had very comfortable lives inside the institutes and the cultural unions. Now these privileges are disappearing. Previously intellectuals’ lives were characterized by a kind of self-adoration of their positions, of their purity, of their disengagement from political life, and this stance is now also in crisis. Recently, I read a very interesting article which said that today nobody wants to engage in the escapist literature that was once so popular. Nobody wants to hear about themes of history, of Egypt, the Silver Age, and so on because politics is now the hot topic in cultural life. A similar situation occurred in the Prague Spring, and we know that the results in this case were very fruitful. Havel, who was a very sophisticated journal writer, became a very contemporary, very active, and essential writer. And I consider this crisis, this struggle of intellectuals, a good sign. The people who will survive will be those whom other people read. Conversely, Chengiz Aitmatov, who was long a friend of the national struggle, who made a name for himself as a writer concerned with conditions in Kirgizia, and who was a defender of the national traditions, now prefers to be Ambassador to Luxembourg. While I was very surprised by this, this is also typical of the struggle to which I refer. Secondly, as Professor Allworth noted, it is true that Kazakh leaders

ADZHIEL TRACT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LOCAL HISTORY OF THE CRIMEAN AZOV REGION: KEY RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Sergey V. YARTSEV ◽  
Viktor G. ZUBAREV ◽  
Sergey L. SMEKALOV
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
History Of

The object of the research is the peculiarities of the historical process on the Kerch Peninsula in the context of the local history of one of its regions. The authors conduct a detailed study of the most inhabited region of the Crimean Azov region – the Adzhiel tract, located in the western part of the peninsula to the territory adjacent to the Kazantip Bay. This gully, which goes in the north-western and south-eastern direction, fences off a significant part of the Kerch peninsula and represents one of the natural protective boundaries of the Eastern Crimea. The subject of research is to reconstruct the historical picture of the area, to define the main results and prospects for further research. Relying on a wide range of sources, primarily on the archaeological material of their own perennial excavations in the specified area, with the use of the source analysis method, the authors consider the known facts and events of the ancient history of the Kerch Peninsula in a new way. The methodological basis of the work is objectivity and historicism, which contributed to conducting of unbiased research. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time on a wide material, the stages of the historical development of one of the regions of the Kerch Peninsula were highlighted and the actual directions for further research in this area were identified. Due to the abundance of water and fertile soil, the Adzhiel tract was almost always inhabited by people. However, the most intense events occurred in the tract in the era of the Bosporus kingdom, when a system of defensive fortifications of the western borders of the state functioned here. Perhaps this system was more complicated than it previously seemed. This is indicated by the remains of another, previously unknown tower discovered by the authors in 2018. Thus, the authors conclude that the further prospects of research in the Adzhiel tract are connected both with the detailed reconstruction of the defence system of the Bosporus on the western frontiers of the state and also with the continuation of the study of Christian antiquities, including medieval time, and the religious life of the population of the Khazar Khaganate.

scholarly journals Crimean Correspondents of Academician V. I. Vernadsky (1920s–1930s)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Nepomnyashchy ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Pedagogical Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Written Sources

Referring to a corpus of epistolary sources kept in the personal archival fund of academician V. I. Vernadsky in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (correspondence sent to him from Crimea) and documents from the St Petersburg branch of the RAS Archive and the Department of Written Sources of the State Historical Museum, the author restores some aspects of the daily life of Crimean local history of the 1920s–1930s. Vernadsky’s attention to people and events on the peninsula are connected with a dramatic period of his biography, i.e. his unexpected tenure as rector of the University of Taurida (October 1920 — January 1921). Thanks to the participation of the university in the activities of the Taurida Scientific Association, the academician formed a social circle of scientists from different fields of knowledge in Crimea. The analysis of Vernadsky’s correspondence helps define his range of interests related to Crimean affairs after his departure from Crimea. Vernadsky, not indifferent to the fate of Taurida University (M. V. Frunze Pedagogical Institute) (during the years in question described as Crimean University), was interested in the fate of the prominent professors who he worked with at the university in 1920. Thanks to the Crimean correspondence of A. I. Markevich, the leader of the local history movement, the author has been able to clarify the fate of individual manuscripts by V. I. and G. V. Vernadsky and the history of transfer of funds of the pioneers of comprehensive exploration of the peninsula P. I. Köppen and H. H. Steven to the Archives of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The epistolary heritage of geologists P. A. Dvoichenko and S. P. Popova, Vernadsky’s former colleagues at Taurida University, makes it possible to recreate the pages of the research of the natural productive forces of Crimea carried out in those years. In his correspondence with professors E. V. Petukhov and N. L. Ernst, Vernadsky discussed individual issues that worried scientists.

A History of the Ottoman Fez before Mahmud II (ca. 1600–1800)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-183
Author(s):  
Youssef Ben Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Global History ◽  
Imperial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Point Of Departure

Abstract The history of the Ottoman fez is usually told with the nineteenth century as a point of departure. In the 1820s and 1830s, the reforms initiated by Sultan Mahmud II (r. 1808–39) elevated the red felt cap to the rank of official headgear of the Ottoman empire. But little is known about its history prior to its adoption by the state: where did the fez come from and how did it become so prevalent in the Ottoman empire? This essay examines the global history of the fez in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Taking Mahmud II’s reforms as an endpoint, it examines the process by which the headgear first came to be both culturally visible and commercially available in the Ottoman realm. Three aspects of this history are considered: the trans-imperial history of the fez as a commercial commodity, its cultural reception in the Ottoman world, and the establishment of a community of Tunisian fez merchants in early modern Istanbul.

Fated to Live in Interesting Times: Canada's Changing Citizenship Regimes

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Jenson
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
The State ◽  
Proper Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Triangular Relationship ◽  
Citizenship Regimes ◽  
Citizenship Regime

AbstractThis article presents a way of thinking about citizenship which incorporates theoretical elements of historical institutionalism and political economy. These provide the tools for identifying patterns of change in visions of the proper form of the triangular relationship among the state, the market and communities. These discourses, as well as the practices which result from it, are labelled the citizenship regime. The history of this concept is analyzed to account for some of the difficulties of contemporary Canada. There is now a double challenge. Increasingly, Quebec and the rest of Canada promote a different balance of responsibility among the state, market and communities. As well, neo-liberal efforts to reduce deficits and redesign government are challenging received ideas of solidarity. The result is that the pan-Canadian and Quebec's citizenship regimes are diverging.

scholarly journals Commons and the nature of modernity: towards a cosmopolitical view on craft guilds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert De Munck
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Commons ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
Craft Guilds

AbstractThis paper argues that historical research on late medieval and early modern craft guilds fails to escape teleological and anachronistic views, including when they are addressed as commons or ‘institutions for collective action’. These present-day conceptual lenses do not only create idealized views on guilds, but also of the contexts in which they operated, especially the state and the market. This is especially the case with neo-institutional views on the commons, which fall back on a transhistorical rational actor, who can choose between three options for the allocation of resources and surpluses, namely the state, the market and the common. The paper shows that guilds were fundamentally entangled with both the state and the market and that their ethic implied a less utilitarian and instrumental attitude towards natural resources. The consequence of this is that the history of the guilds offers different lessons to present-day commoners than those implied by present-day research. With an eye at launching a reflection on that, I argue in favour of a cosmopolitical perspective, which invites to take fundamentally different worldviews seriously. This includes questioning our own conceptual and analytical abstractions like the state, the market and the individual, up to and including the very distinction between nature and society or nature and politics, which are at the very basis of modern science itself.

scholarly journals A Sociological Comparative Study to Vladimir Lenin and Antonio Gramsci's views on the State

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Mahir A Aziz ◽  
Saleem P Elias
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Political Sociology ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Capitalist State

This theoretical study tries to illustrate, evaluate and compare Vladimir Lenin and Antonio Gramsci’s views on the state. In doing so the study will try to answer this vital question: to what extent Gramsci’s ideas were dependent upon those of Lenin and more specifically, to what extent is Gramsci’s analysis of the capitalist state ultimately no more powerful than that of Lenin? It should be emphasised that this study has been done according to a comparative methodology of the history of theory applied in the fields of sociology in general and political sociology in particular. Basically, this study has been done according to an explanatory approach applied in both fields of politics and political sociology. This study divided into eight sections. The first section devoted to the introduction. The second section deals with Lenin’s view on the revolution, power and the socialist state. The third section explains Gramsci’s view on the hegemony of the party and the state. Section four treats Gramsci’s view on hegemony and the civil society. Section five, however, is explaining Gramsci’s view on the proletariat, the leadership and the passive revolution. Section six will be dealing with Gramsci’s view on Western countries and his conception of civil society. Section seven evaluates and reviews both Lenin and Gramsci’s theories of the state. The last section presents the conclusion of the study.   

scholarly journals The history of the formation of notariat in Kostroma land

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Ivan N. Mel'nikov ◽  
Ol'ga A. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Law ◽  
State Archives

The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of the institution of notaries in Kostroma land. The work identifi es the main stages of the development of the institution of notaries in the development of the state and the sources of legal regulation of this area of law enforcement. In the process of the historical and legal analysis, the peculiarities of the practical activity of notaries, refl ected in the documents which are stored in the holdings of the State Archives of Kostroma Region, are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the judicial reform of 1864 and its role in the formation of the Russian notariat. The main purpose of the work was to assess the infl uence of historical experience on the current state of the institution of notaries, as well as to identify lost traditions in this area of jurisprudence. The results of this study may be of interest to specialists in the fi eld of history of law and local history.

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