scholarly journals New directions in development of city energy systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Branko Crncevic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
Policy Institute ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
First Time ◽  
Future Population

At the world level, the 20th century saw an increase from 220 million urbanites in 1900 to 2.84 billion in year 2000. The present century will match this absolute increase in about four decades. Developing regions, as a whole, will account for 93% of this growth [1]. Until now humankind has lived and worked primarily in rural areas. But the world is about to leave its rural past behind. Today we are witness, for the first time, that more than half of the globe?s population is living in towns and cities. The number and proportion of urban dwellers will continue to rise quickly. Urban population will grow to 4.9 billion by 2030. At the global level, all of future population growth will be in towns and cities [1]. Two centuries ago there was only one city on the planet that could say it had a million inhabitants - that was London. Today more than 400 cities can boast that - 408 to be precise, according to the Earth Policy Institute. But today a population of 1 million people means nothing; we are moving into the era of megacities of 10 million (and more) people. Today, there are 20 so-called megacities, whose population, and therefore energy needs, easily exceed some countries population, according to Earth Policy Institute. More people now live in Tokyo than Canada, for example [2]. Despite only occupying 2% of the world's surface area, they are responsible for 75% of the world's energy consumption.

Agrarian questions and environmental dilemmas redux

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-344
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rigg
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Human History ◽  
Urban Place ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

The world might have become, for the first time in human history, a majority urban place, but there are clearly important seams of research to mine in the Southeast Asian countryside. These six books amply show why there is a continuing interest in rural areas and agrarian living in the region.

scholarly journals Editorial

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hannah Ditchfield ◽  
Shuhan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Conference Proceedings ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Early Career Researchers ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Research ◽  
The University ◽  
Media And Communication ◽  
First Time

The first issue of for(e)dialogue is composed of a collection of papers given at the New Directions in Media Research (NDiMR) postgraduate conference in June 2015 at the University of Leicester. NDiMR is a one-day postgraduate focused conference organised by PhD students from the Department of Media and Communication. This conference has a similar aim and purpose of this journal as a whole which is to provide postgraduate students, PhD students and early career researchers with a platform and opportunity to develop and share their research and critically contribute to discussions of theory and methodology on a variety of Media and Communication issues. The NDiMR conference has been held annually since 2012, each year growing in size and attracting more delegates and presenters from across the world. However, this is the first time that some of the events’ presentation papers have been collected for a published conference proceedings.

Introduction

1980 ◽  
Vol 209 (1174) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Many ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Different Levels

Soon after the Royal Society’s Discussion Meeting on Technologies for Rural Health in December 1976 (published under the same title in Proc. R. Soc. Lond . B 199, 1-187 (1977)), it was suggested that a follow-up meeting would be valuable to deal with subjects omitted from the previous meeting for lack of time, and to review progress made towards the provision of health care to the underprivileged people living in rural areas around the world. We wondered at first whether there would be enough change and enough new material to justify another meeting. In the event, we found that things had undoubtedly changed, although not quite in the ways that had been expected. In the first place, international support has now been promised towards meeting many of the needs that were discussed. The W. H. O. /UNICEF joint meeting on Primary Health Care, held at Alma Ata in 1978, concentrated on ways to en­courage good health in rural areas. The call for ‘Health for all by the year 2000’ has gone round the world. The summer of 1979 brought the U. N. conference on Science and Technology for Development. The ‘Water Decade’ is almost upon us, and W. H. O. has increased its activity in providing laboratory and radiological services, training for different levels of auxiliary health care personnel, and looking at ways to ensure adequate supplies of suitable drugs and the many other things needed to improve the health of rural populations.

scholarly journals The Romanian Agrotourism Over the Last Two Decades: Good Old Places or New Attractions?

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Beatris Tenie ◽  
Gina Fîntîneru ◽  
Dragoș Smedescu ◽  
Alexandru Fîntîneru
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Services Quality ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Year 2000

Abstract Tourism represents an important economic activity for most of the countries all around the world. For Romania also, tourism plays an extremely important role in the economic development, contributing with 5.2% to GDP and with more than 500,000 for total employment, according to the 2017 WTTC report. Starting with the year 2000, the Romanian rural tourism and agrotourism, have seen a significant development in terms of infrastructure and services quality, political attention, legislative climate and qualified staff. In order to highlight the dynamics of Romanian agrotourism and to deliver insights about the greatest challenges of this activity in rural areas, the paper investigated the main offer and demand regional indicators of agro-tourist activity in Romania during the period 2000-2016, using the empirical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics.

Reflections from Inside the World of Empowered Women

2015 ◽  
pp. 50-74
Author(s):  
Bantu Lulu K Morolong
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Empowerment ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Critical Problems

Poverty is one of the most critical problems facing developing regions. In Lesotho, poverty is more deeply entrenched in the rural areas and closely linked to severe degradation of land on which rural livelihoods depend. Landlessness affects Basotho women more adversely than men who have better employment opportunities as mine labour migrants in South Africa. This chapter therefore, presents the case of Thota-ea-Moli Multi-Purpose Cooperative as a response to further threats of poverty to a community that lost its land to a government project. The chapter maps the historical trends of Basotho women's empowerment and their pivotal role in development and poverty alleviation through cooperatives. Having outlined the project design and implementation processes, its achievements and challenges are highlighted and their impact on Thota-ea-Moli women's economic and socio cultural empowerment. Future trends that hold promise for women's further empowerment are also presented.

The World Plan of Action: Is China Already Setting the Pace?

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-700
Author(s):  
William H. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
World Population ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The World ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Remarkable Progress

In a recent visit to the People's Republic of China, the author learned first-hand that its family planning program is making remarkable progress—not only in the large cities, but also, more slowly, in the rural areas where 80 per cent of China's population still lives. Since China is the world's most populous country, with some 800 million people, the author asks whether the goals and objectives set there may not provide useful guidance in formulating a world population policy. When the United Nations World Population Conference, 1974 is held in Bucharest, Romania, next August, hopefully the governments assembled will reach agreement on a World Plan of Action to deal with the problems of the population explosion, which are already threatening many developing countries. The author suggests that the nations of the world at this important Conference should acknowledge in their Plan, as China has, that the human race must stabilize world population as soon as possible, with a goal of reducing the present growth rate from 2 per cent to 1 per cent by the year 2000. Tables are included with projections of the world population to 2050 assuming a 50 per cent reduction in growth rate compared with the continuation of present rates.

Reflections From Inside the World of Empowered Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 1389-1407
Author(s):  
Bantu Lulu K Morolong
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Empowerment ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Critical Problems

Poverty is one of the most critical problems facing developing regions. In Lesotho, poverty is more deeply entrenched in the rural areas and closely linked to severe degradation of land on which rural livelihoods depend. Landlessness affects Basotho women more adversely than men who have better employment opportunities as mine labour migrants in South Africa. This chapter therefore, presents the case of Thota-ea-Moli Multi-Purpose Cooperative as a response to further threats of poverty to a community that lost its land to a government project. The chapter maps the historical trends of Basotho women's empowerment and their pivotal role in development and poverty alleviation through cooperatives. Having outlined the project design and implementation processes, its achievements and challenges are highlighted and their impact on Thota-ea-Moli women's economic and socio cultural empowerment. Future trends that hold promise for women's further empowerment are also presented.

Introduction: Intergenerational relationships in rural areas

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. CLARE WENGER
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Rural Aging ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Year 2000

It has taken gerontologists a long time to focus on the problems of rurality. More than half the older people in the world live in rural areas. The proportions of older people in local populations are higher in rural areas than in urban areas in most countries of the world. However, it was not until the year 2000 that the First Global Rural Aging Conference was held. This special issue looks as intergenerational relationships in rural areas and stems from an invited symposium at that conference.

International Telesupervision: The Clinical Fellowship Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
David W. Rule ◽  
Lisa N. Kelchner
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
East African ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
National Certification

Telepractice technology allows greater access to speech-language pathology services around the world. These technologies extend beyond evaluation and treatment and are shown to be used effectively in clinical supervision including graduate students and clinical fellows. In fact, a clinical fellow from the United States completed the entire supervised clinical fellowship (CF) year internationally at a rural East African hospital, meeting all requirements for state and national certification by employing telesupervision technology. Thus, telesupervision has the potential to be successfully implemented to address a range of needs including supervisory shortages, health disparities worldwide, and access to services in rural areas where speech-language pathology services are not readily available. The telesupervision experience, potential advantages, implications, and possible limitations are discussed. A brief guide for clinical fellows pursuing telesupervision is also provided.

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

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