scholarly journals A comprehensive numerical study of the ethanol blended fuel effect on the performance and pollutant emissions in spark-ignition engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motlagh Zangooee ◽  
Razavi Modarres
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Thermodynamic State ◽  
Point Injection ◽  
Blended Fuel

In the present work, the performance and pollutant emissions in a spark ignition engine has been numerically investigated. For this purpose, the coupled KIVA code with CHEMKIN is used to predict the thermodynamic state of the cylinder charge during each cycle. Computations were carried out for a four cylinder, four strokes, multi point injection system (XU7 engine). Numerical cases have been performed up to 30% vol. of ethanol. Engine simulations are carried out at 2000, 2500 and 3000 rpm and full load condition. The numerical results showed that pollutant emissions reduce with increase in ethanol content. Based on engine performance, the most suitable fraction of ethanol in the blend was found to be nearly 15% for the XU7 engine.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Engine Performance and Emissions for Port Injection of Ammonia into a Gasoline\Ethanol Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Farhad Salek ◽  
Meisam Babaie ◽  
Amin Shakeri ◽  
Seyed Vahid Hosseini ◽  
Timothy Bodisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Hc Emissions

This study aims to investigate the effect of the port injection of ammonia on performance, knock and NOx emission across a range of engine speeds in a gasoline/ethanol dual-fuel engine. An experimentally validated numerical model of a naturally aspirated spark-ignition (SI) engine was developed in AVL BOOST for the purpose of this investigation. The vibe two zone combustion model, which is widely used for the mathematical modeling of spark-ignition engines is employed for the numerical analysis of the combustion process. A significant reduction of ~50% in NOx emissions was observed across the engine speed range. However, the port injection of ammonia imposed some negative impacts on engine equivalent BSFC, CO and HC emissions, increasing these parameters by 3%, 30% and 21%, respectively, at the 10% ammonia injection ratio. Additionally, the minimum octane number of primary fuel required to prevent knock was reduced by up to 3.6% by adding ammonia between 5 and 10%. All in all, the injection of ammonia inside a bio-fueled engine could make it robust and produce less NOx, while having some undesirable effects on BSFC, CO and HC emissions.

scholarly journals Influence of Compression Ratio on Flywheel Dimension for a Naturally Aspirated Spark Ignition Engine: A Numerical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aan Yudianto ◽  
Peixuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Compression Stroke ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Proper Design

The proper design of the flywheel undeniably determines in tuning the engine to confirm the better output engine performance. The aim of this study is to mathematically investigate the effect of various values of the compression ratio on some essential parameters to determine the appropriate value for the flywheel dimension. A numerical calculation approach was proposed to eventually determine the dimension of the engine flywheel on a five-cylinder four-stroke Spark Ignition (SI) engine. The various compression ratios of 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5, and 11 were selected to perform the calculations. The effects of compression ratio on effective pressure, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), dynamic irregularity value of the crankshaft, and the diameter of the flywheel was clearly investigated. The study found that 2.5 increment value of the compression ratio significantly increases the effective pressure of about 41.53% on the starting of the expansion stroke. While at the end of the compression stroke, the rise of effective pressure is about 76.67%, and the changes in dynamic irregularity merely increase by about 1.79%. The same trend applies to the flywheel diameter and width, which increases 2.08% for both.

A Multiple-Zone Cycle Simulation for Spark-Ignition Engines: Thermodynamic Details

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald A. Caton
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A thermodynamic cycle simulation was developed for a spark-ignition engine which included the use of multiple zones for the combustion process. This simulation was used to complete analyses for a commercial, spark-ignition V-8 engine operating at a part load condition. Specifically, the engine possessed a compression ratio of 8.1:1, and had a bore and stroke of 101.6 and 88.4 mm, respectively. A part load operating condition at 1400 rpm with an equivalence ratio of 1.0 was examined. Results were obtained for overall engine performance, for detailed in-cylinder events, and for the thermodynamics of the individual processes. In particular, the characteristics of the engine operation with respect to the combustion process were examined. Implications of the multiple zones formulation for the combustion process are described.

scholarly journals Effect of Cylinder-by-Cylinder Variation on Performance and Gaseous Emissions of a PFI Spark Ignition Engine: Experimental and 1D Numerical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6035
Author(s):  
Luigi Teodosio ◽  
Luca Marchitto ◽  
Cinzia Tornatore ◽  
Fabio Bozza ◽  
Gerardo Valentino
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Combustion stability, engine efficiency and emissions in a multi-cylinder spark-ignition internal combustion engines can be improved through the advanced control and optimization of individual cylinder operation. In this work, experimental and numerical analyses were carried out on a twin-cylinder turbocharged port fuel injection (PFI) spark-ignition engine to evaluate the influence of cylinder-by-cylinder variation on performance and pollutant emissions. In a first stage, experimental tests are performed on the engine at different speed/load points and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates, covering operating conditions typical of Worldwide harmonized Light-duty vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC). Measurements highlighted relevant differences in combustion evolution between cylinders, mainly due to non-uniform effective in-cylinder air/fuel ratio. Experimental data are utilized to validate a one-dimensional (1D) engine model, enhanced with user-defined sub-models of turbulence, combustion, heat transfer and noxious emissions. The model shows a satisfactory accuracy in reproducing the combustion evolution in each cylinder and the temperature of exhaust gases at turbine inlet. The pollutant species (HC, CO and NOx) predicted by the model show a good agreement with the ones measured at engine exhaust. Furthermore, the impact of cylinder-by-cylinder variation on gaseous emissions is also satisfactorily reproduced. The novel contribution of present work mainly consists in the extended numerical/experimental analysis on the effects of cylinder-by-cylinder variation on performance and emissions of spark-ignition engines. The proposed numerical methodology represents a valuable tool to support the engine design and calibration, with the aim to improve both performance and emissions.

Numerical Investigation of Using 1-Butanol in a Port Fuel Injection Spark Ignition Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Ye Jian Qian ◽  
Zhi Fang Chen ◽  
Chun Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Port Fuel Injection

A numerical study is conducted in a port fuel-injection, spark-ignition engine fuelled with 1-butanol at different fuel/air equivalence ratios and inlet air temperatures. The effect of fuel/air equivalence ratio and inlet air temperature on the engine performance and emission characteristics is analyzed. The modeling results show that the incylinder pressure and temperature increases with the increase of fuel/air equivalence ratio. The slightly lean mixtures offer the maximum level of NOX emissions. In addition, preheating the inlet air can increase the incylinder pressure peak value and NOX emissions.

Supercharging the Double-Fueled Spark Ignition Engine: Performance and Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Pipitone ◽  
Stefano Beccari ◽  
Giuseppe Genchi
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Valve Train ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Boost Pressure

Internal combustion engine development focuses mainly on two aspects: fuel economy improvement and pollutant emissions reduction. As a consequence, light duty spark ignition (SI) engines have become smaller, supercharged, and equipped with direct injection and advanced valve train control systems. The use of alternative fuels, such as natural gas (NG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), thanks to their lower cost and environmental impact, widely spread in the automotive market, above all in bifuel vehicles, whose spark ignited engines may run either with gasoline or with gaseous fuel. The authors in previous works experimentally tested the strong engine efficiency increment and pollutant emissions reduction attainable by the simultaneous combustion of gasoline and gaseous fuel (NG or LPG). The increased knock resistance, obtained by the addition of gaseous fuel to gasoline, allowed the engine to run with stoichiometric mixture and best spark timing even at full load. In the present work, the authors extended the research by testing the combustion of gasoline–NG mixtures, in different proportions, in supercharged conditions, with several boost pressure levels, in order to evaluate the benefits in terms of engine performance, efficiency, and pollutant emissions with respect to pure gasoline and pure NG operation. The results indicate that a fuel mixture with a NG mass percentage of 40% allows to maximize engine performance by adopting the highest boost pressure (1.6 bar), while the best efficiency would be obtained with moderate boosting (1.2 bar) and NG content between 40% and 60% in mass.

The Effect of Gasoline/1-Butanol Blends on Spark-Ignition Engine Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Jian Qian ◽  
Zhi Fang Chen ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Tian Wei Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Automotive Engine ◽  
Blended Fuels

Butanol has been considered an attractive alternative fuel for automotive engine. In the present study, a numerical study is conducted in a spark-ignition engine fuelled with blends of gasoline and 1-butanol at different fuel/air equivalence ratios. The effect of fuel/air equivalence ratio on engine performance is analyzed. The results show that the peak pressure and peak temperature increases with the increasing of fuel/air equivalence ratio. With increased 1-butanol proportion, the incylinder pressure and incylinder temperature gradually decreases. In addition, effect of fuel/air equivalence ratio on nitrogen monoxide emission is depended on the proportion of 1-butanol in blended fuels.

Experimental Investigation of a Four Stroke Spark Ignition Engine Operated with Naphtha or Gasoline Blended LPG

2016 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer M. Abdulhaleem ◽  
Hind A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Energy Equivalent ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emission ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Energy Replacement

In this study experimental work has been conducted using liquid petroleum gas (LPG) as blended fuel with naphtha or gasoline in a spark ignition engine in order to reduce pollutants emissions and to improve engine performance. The fuel blended is done on energy replacement basis which means that the amount of LPG added has an amount of energy equivalent to the energy of naphtha or gasoline removed. The results showed that the LPG blended improve engine efficiency until about 20% blended ratio and reduces CO, CO2, and NOx but causes an increase in unburned hydrocarbon emission. The test carried out at constant compression ratio (6:1), under different load with variety percentage of LPG energy blending ratio of (10-25) %.

scholarly journals Experimental Assessment of the Performance and Emissions of a Spark-Ignition Engine Using Waste-Derived Biofuels as Additives

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5209
Author(s):  
Joaquim Costa ◽  
Jorge Martins ◽  
Tiago Arantes ◽  
Margarida Gonçalves ◽  
Luis Durão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

The use of biofuels for spark ignition engines is proposed to diversify fuel sources and reduce fossil fuel consumption, optimize engine performance, and reduce pollutant emissions. Additionally, when these biofuels are produced from low-grade wastes, they constitute valorisation pathways for these otherwise unprofitable wastes. In this study, ethanol and pyrolysis biogasoline made from low-grade wastes were evaluated as additives for commercial gasoline (RON95, RON98) in tests performed in a spark ignition engine. Binary fuel mixtures of ethanol + gasoline or biogasoline + gasoline with biofuel incorporation of 2% (w/w) to 10% (w/w) were evaluated and compared with ternary fuel mixtures of ethanol + biogasoline + gasoline with biofuel incorporation rates from 1% (w/w) to 5% (w/w). The fuel mix performance was assessed by determination of torque and power, fuel consumption and efficiency, and emissions (HC, CO, and NOx). An electronic control unit (ECU) was used to regulate the air–fuel ratio/lambda and the ignition advance for maximum brake torque (MBT), wide-open throttle (WOT)), and two torque loads for different engine speeds representative of typical driving. The additive incorporation up to 10% often improved efficiency and lowered emissions such as CO and HC relative to both straight gasolines, but NOx increased with the addition of a blend.

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