scholarly journals Investigations of influence of disinfection procedures on hygiene in private slaughterhouse

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-231
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Jankovic ◽  
Brana Radenkovic-Damnjanovic ◽  
Nedjeljko Karabasil ◽  
Milorad Mirilovic ◽  
Slobodan Maric
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Commission Decision ◽  
Skilled Professional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The objective of this work was to establish, on the grounds of obtained results for the total number of bacteria before and after completed disinfection, whether there are differences in the efficiency of disinfection performed by a professional and disinfection carried out by an unqualified employee in a private slaughterhouse. The material used in these investigations were samples of wet-dry swabs taken over a course of five weeks, before and after disinfection carried out by an unqualified employee and the skilled professional, from the following: the knife used for evisceration, the floor in the evisceration area, from the table serving for bristle removal, and from the floor underneath the bristle removal surface. The wet-dry swabs were taken according to the procedure described in the standard method ISO 18593 (Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal methods for sampling techniques from surfaces using contact plates and swabs). Analyzing the taken samples, the total number of bacteria was determined using the standard method ISO 4833 (Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of microorganisms - Colony-count technique at 30?C). Disinfection was carried out using a chlorine preparation (sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate) in a concentration of 0.02% and for an exposure period of 30 min. The results were interpreted on the grounds of the border values in evaluating the hygiene of the equipment, tools, and work surfaces, presented in Commission Decision 471/2001/ EC. The results of the investogations have shown that the disinfection performed by the skilled professional was more efficient than the disinfection performed by the unqualified person, as the total number of bacteria was significantly smaller (p<0.01) in the course of all 5 experimental weeks on the evisceration knife, the floor under the bristle removal surface, during weeks 1, 2 and 5, and on the floor in the evisceration area in weeks 1 and 5.

APPLICATION OF THE ATP-BIOLUMINESCENCE METHOD TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF SANITATION OF MILKING EQUIPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
P.A. Popov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Gruznov ◽  
S.V. Tokarev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Atp Bioluminescence ◽  
Microbial Number ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Bioluminescence Method

The article presents the results of determining the relationship between the total microbial number and microbial ATP on the surface of milking equipment before and after treatment with neutral anolyte ANK-SUPER. The possibility of using the ATP-bioluminescence method to control the quality of sanitation of milking equipment on dairy farms is shown. Laboratory studies revealed a proportional relationship between the level of bacterial ATP and the number of bacteria on the surface of milking equipment before and after sanitation.

Acute effect of smoking on rebreathing carbon monoxide, breath-hold carbon monoxide and alveolar oxygen

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-373
Author(s):  
Andrew J. T. Kirkham ◽  
Andrew R. Guyatt ◽  
Gordon Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Transient Effect ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Exchange Correction ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alveolar Oxygen

1. The rise (‘boost’) in carboxyhaemoglobin (HbCO) on smoking has been studied with alveolar carbon monoxide measurements before and after smoking a cigarette. We re-examined this in 28 subjects with HbCO values compared with rebreathing carbon monoxide [FAco(Rb)] and breath-hold alveolar carbon monoxide and oxygen concentrations, obtained after a 20 s breath-hold [FAco(Bh)] and FAo2(Bh), respectively]. Tests were done in the order FAco(Bh) and FAo2(Bh), FAco(Rb), FAco(Bh) and FAo2(Bh) before and after smoking a single cigarette, with HbCO being measured 1 min before and after smoking. 2. The changes were expressed as the relative boost: For HbCO the average value was 23.7%, but the FAco(Rb) boost was only 9.8%. The first post-smoking FAco(Bh) boost was 3.9% (5.0 min after smoking), rising to 8.5% 9.4 min later. 3. The FAo2(Bh) values fell from a mean of 15.4% before smoking to 14.3% (5.0 min after smoking) then recovered to 15.4% 9.4 min later, suggesting a transient effect on pulmonary gas exchange. Correction of the first post-smoke FAco(Bh) data for this effect increased the relative boost to 11.5%. Routine FAo2(Bh) measurements may be useful in further smoking studies. 4. We conclude that none of the alveolar sampling techniques gives a reliable measurement of the acute HbCO changes associated with smoking.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Surface Cleaning and Disinfection in a Brazilian Healthcare Facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aires G. Santos-Junior ◽  
Adriano M. Ferreira ◽  
Oleci P. Frota ◽  
Marcelo A. Rigotti ◽  
Larissa da S. Barcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bioluminescence Assay ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Hospital Cleaning

Background: Failures in the processes of cleaning and disinfecting health service surfaces may result in the spread and transfer of pathogens that are often associated with healthcare-related infections and outbreaks. Aims: To assess the effectiveness of environmental surface cleaning and disinfection in a hospital clinic. Method: The study was conducted in a nursing ward with 45 beds. A total of 80 samples from five high-touch surfaces were evaluated before and after cleaning and disinfection, using the following methods: visual inspection, adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay, aerobic colony count, Staphylococcus aureus colony count, and evaluation of resistance to methicillin. The data analysis used nonparametric comparative and correlative tests to observe any differences in the pre- and post- cleaning and disinfection results for the surfaces assessed. Results: Effective cleaning and disinfection had a significant effect on only two surfaces when measured for the presence of adenosine triphosphate, the inner bathroom door handle (p=0.007) and the toilet bowl (p=0.01). When evaluated for Staphylococcus aureus colony count, the toilet flush handle also demonstrated a significant effect (p=0.04). Conclusion: The effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection of the surfaces tested was not satisfactory. An educational intervention is recommended for the cleaning and disinfection staff and the nursing team at the healthcare facility. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The data in the study revealed that daily hospital cleaning and disinfection in the sampled sites are not sufficient in medical and surgical wards. Hospital cleanliness must be reevaluated from the point of view of materials, such as an adequate supply of clean cloths, in addition to establishing more precise cleanliness protocols and accurate monitoring systems.

scholarly journals Pilot Study: Does Contamination with Enniatin B and Beauvericin Affect the Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals Commonly Used in Animal Feeding?

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Valentina Serra ◽  
Giancarlo Salvatori ◽  
Grazia Pastorelli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Wheat Flours ◽  
Larger Sample

Increasing consumption of cereals has been associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases, as they contain phytochemicals that combat oxidative stress. Cereal contamination by the “emerging mycotoxins” beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENs) is a worldwide health problem that has not yet received adequate scientific attention. Their presence in feeds represents a risk for animals and a potential risk for humans because of their carry-over to animal-derived products. This preliminary study aimed to investigate if the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of corn, barley, and wheat flours could be influenced by contamination with increasing levels of BEA and ENN B. The highest TAC value was observed in barley compared with wheat and corn (p < 0.001) before and after contamination. No effect of mycotoxin or mycotoxin level was found, whereas cereal x mycotoxin exhibited a significant effect (p < 0.001), showing a lower TAC value in wheat contaminated by ENN B and in barley contaminated by BEA. In conclusion, barley is confirmed as a source of natural antioxidants with antiradical potentials. Additional studies with a larger sample size are necessary to confirm the obtained results, and investigations of the toxic effects of these emergent mycotoxins on animals and humans should be deepened.

Infant Dietary Experience and Acceptance of Solid Foods

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Sullivan ◽  
Leann L. Birch
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Control Food ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
Repeated Consumption

Objective. To examine the effects of dietary experience and milk feeding regimen on acceptance of their first vegetable by 4-to 6-month-old infants. Design. Longitudinal study, of 26-days duration, observing infants aged 4 to 6 months at the start of the study. Random assignment to treatments, within-subject control. Setting. General community in a medium-sized mid-western town. Subjects. Thirty-six infants and their mothers. Subjects were solicited through birth records and advertisements in local newspapers. Interventions. Infants were randomly assigned to be fed one vegetable on 10 occasions, either salted or unsalted peas or green beans, for a 10-day period. Outcome measures. Infant intake of the vegetable consumed during the 10-day exposure period; intake of salted and unsalted versions: (1) before the 10-day exposure period, (2) immediately after the exposure period; and (3) after a 1-week period of delay. Intake of a control food was also measured before and after repeated consumption of the vegetable. Adult ratings of the infants' videotaped responses during test feedings were also obtained before and after the exposure period. Results. After 10 opportunities to consume the vegetable, all infants significantly increased their intake (P &lt; .001). Although they did not differ initially, infants fed breast milk showed greater increases in intake of the vegetable after exposure and had an overall greater level of intake than formula-fed infants. Adult ratings of the infants' nonverbal responses correlated positively with infant intake. Conclusions. Infants increase their acceptance (reflected both in changes in intake and in behavioral response) of a novel food after repeated dietary exposure to that food. Relative to formula-feeding, breast-feeding may facilitate the acceptance of solid foods.

Healthcare Workers’ Mobile Phones as a Possible Vehicle of Nosocomial Pathogens and the Role of Different Disinfectants in their Decontamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Rana E. Elgabeery ◽  
Radwa A. Eissa ◽  
Sohair M. Soliman ◽  
Naglaa F. Ghoname
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After

Background: As Mobile Phones (MPs) aren’t cleaned routinely and have been touched during patient’s examination, they may become contaminated with hospital pathogens. Objectives: Screen MPs of Health care workers (HCWs) for pathogens and verify the effect of disinfectants in their decontamination. Methods: A questionnaire was submitted by 160 HCWs in Tanta University Hospitals. Samples were taken from their MPs and subjected to pour plate counting before and after disinfection. Standard identification and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates were done. Results: Colony count was greater in MPs used while caring for patients or inside restroom, and was less in regularly cleaned MPs. All tested disinfectants reduced the colony count significantly. Pathogens were isolated from 84.38% of samples and 36.25% of them were Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms (MDROs). Conclusion: Using MPs at critical care areas and restroom may contribute to their contamination with pathogens. Regular disinfection of MPs can reduce this contamination.

Efficacy of Germicidal Hand Wash Agents in Hygienic Hand Disinfection1

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Z. SHEENA ◽  
M. E. STILES
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Hand Wash ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Finger Tip ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Better Than

The efficacy of hygienic hand wash procedures for food handlers using germicidal soaps and hand dips was studied by measuring changes in numbers of microorganisms released from hands before and after each of two successive 15-s treatments. Both hand rinse and finger tip imprint sampling techniques were used. The experiment consisted of two (6 × 6) Latin square designs, each including a non-germicidal soap control. Of the hand dip agents, including sodium hypochlorite (50 ppm available chlorine), iodophor (25 ppm available iodine) and a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) (930 ppm benzalkonium chloride), only the QAC gave a statistically significant decrease in the number of bacteria released when tested by the finger imprint technique. This experiment included a bar soap containing 1.0% trichlorocarbanilide which gave results equivalent to the non-germicidal soap control. Of the hand wash agents, 4% chlorhexidine gluconate and iodophor (0.75% available iodine) resulted in significant decreases in numbers of bacteria released when tested by either sampling technique. Products containing Irgasan DP 300 (0.25% active ingredient at the use concentration), tribromosalicylanilide (0.5%) and para-chloro-meta-xylenol (0.325%) were no better than the non-germicidal soap control under the conditions of this experiment. Identification of 3,591 aerobic isolates from finger imprint plates indicated that Staphylococcus epidermidis and Micrococcus spp. were the predominating organisms (85.3%) released from the hands.

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