scholarly journals The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the tumor and peritumoral tissue as prognostic marker in breast cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Cvetkovic ◽  
Bojan Milosevic ◽  
Aleksandar Cvetkovic ◽  
Srdjan Ninkovic ◽  
Jovana Jovankic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peritumoral Tissue

Background/Aim. Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women all over the world. Tumor microenvironment represents one of the main regulators of tumorigenesis. We investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) concentration in peritumoral tissue as a prognostic marker in the breast cancer patients. Methods. The ELISA test was used to determine a total MMP-9 concentration in carcinoma and peritumoral tissue sample in the patients with breast cancer. Comparison of MMP-9 protein expression with the clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Results. Peritumoral tissue at 3 cm distance from the tumor produces more MMP-9 than the tumor itself. The ratio of concentrations of MMP-9 in the tumor and peritumoral tissue considerably changes in favor of peritumoral tissue with the increase of tumor size and the involvement of axillary lymph nodes. In N0 stage, the concentration ratio of MMP-9 in the tumor and peritumoral tissues was 1 : 1.44, but in the N2 stage, the ratio was 1 : 26.5. Conclusion. In patients with breast cancer even in an early stadium there is a change in MMP-9 concentration in peritumoral tissue. We can extract the group of patients at increased risk for the development of lymph node metastasis. A statistically significant difference between the concentrations of MMP-9 in the peritumoral tissue and cancer tissue exists only in case of metastatic disease not in MO stadium implying need for early detection of still unknown metastases in such patients.

scholarly journals A nomogram to predict the high-risk RS in HR+/HER2-breast cancer patients older than 50 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yu ◽  
Jiayi Wu ◽  
Ou Huang ◽  
Jianrong He ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Luminal Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Her2 Breast Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) testing can predict the prognosis for luminal breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, patients > 50 years with RS > 25 have improved survival with adjuvant chemotherapy. The current study aimed to develop a nomogram with routine parameters to predict RS. Methods We included patients diagnosed with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative who underwent the 21-gene RS testing and aged > 50 years. The primary outcome was high-risk RS (> 25). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify significant predictors. A predictive nomogram based on logistic model was developed and evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The nomogram was internally validated for discrimination and calibration with bootstrapping method, and externally validated in another cohort. We then assessed the nomogram in different subgroups of patients and compared it with several published models. Results A total of 1100 patients were included. Five clinicopathological parameters were used as predictors of a high-risk RS, including tumor grade, histologic subtype, ER expression, PR expression, and Ki-67 index. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.798 (95% CI 0.772–0.825) and optimism adjusted AUC was 0.794 (95% CI 0.781–0.822). External validation demonstrated an AUC value of 0.746 (95% CI 0.685–0.807), which had no significant difference with the training cohort (P = 0.124). Calibration plots indicated that the nomogram-predicted results were well fitted to the actual outcomes in both internal and external validation. The nomogram had better discriminate ability in patients who had tumors > 2 cm (AUC = 0.847, 95% CI 0.804–0.890). When compared with four other existing models, similar AUC was observed between our nomogram and the model constructed by discriminate Lee et al. Conclusions We developed a user-friendly nomogram to predict the high-risk RS in luminal breast cancer patients who were older than 50 years of age, which could guide treatment decision making for those who have no access to the 21-gene RS testing.

Molecular evaluation of HIF-1α gene variation and determination of its frequency, and association with Breast Cancer susceptibility in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Mir ◽  
Faisel M. Abu-Duhier ◽  
Ibrahim Altedlawi Albalawi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gene Variation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inheritance Model

Aim: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is responsible in regulating oxygen homeostasis in tissues. HypoxiaInducible Factor α (HIF1-α) is a central effector of the hypoxic response. HIF-1α protein overexpression has been shown to have prognostic relevance in breast cancer. HIF-1α polymorphism is associated with increased breast susceptibility reported by several case controls studies but results remained controversial. Therefore, we studied the relationship between the HIF1α gene polymorphism with the breast cancer risk in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was consisted of 114 histologically confirmed Breast cancer patients and 117 sex -matched healthy women. HIF-1α genotyping was done by Amplification refractory mutation system PCR method. The HIF-1α gene genotypes were correlated with different clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients. Results: A significant difference was observed in genotype distribution of HIF-1α gene variation C1772T between breast cancer cases and sex matched healthy controls (p=0.001). Our findings showed that the HIF- 1α variant was associated with an increased risk of Breast cancer for HIF-1α CC vs CT genotype OR = 0. 38, 95% CI = (0. 22 -0. 65), P = 0.005) in codominant inheritance model. The significant association was reported for HIF1A for genotypes CC vs (CT+ TT) OR = 0. 39, 95% CI = (0. 231 -0. 67), P = 0.007) in dominant inheritance model tested. In case of recessive inheritance model, a significant association of HIF-1 alpha gene variants was reported for CC VS -(CC+ CT) vs TT) OR = 3.10, 95% CI = (0. 12- 77.03), P = 0.56). During the allelic comparison, A allele significantly increased the risk of Breast cancer with odd ratio (OR = 0. 66, 95% CI = 0. 53 -1. 21, P = 0.04) and risk ratio RR= 0. 51 (0. 32 -0. 80) P= 0.004). A significant association of HIF1α polymorphism was reported with stage as well as distant metastasis of the disease. Conclusion: A significant association of HIF- 1α-CT heterozygosity and T allele significantly increased the susceptibility and is associated with the metastasis of Breast cancer. Further studies with larger data set and well-designed models are required to validate our findings.

Prognosis and non-sentinel lymph node status of the breast cancer patients with micrometastatic sentinel lymph nodes.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (27_suppl) ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
M. Takahashi ◽  
H. Jinno ◽  
T. Hayashida ◽  
S. Hirose ◽  
M. Mukai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Axillary Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

140 Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a more sensitive and accurate nodal staging procedure than axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Because of detailed pathologic evaluation in SLNs, more nodal micrometastases have been identified. However, it remains controversial whether to perform ALND for patients with micrometastases in SLNs and their prognostic significance is also a matter of debate. The purpose of this study is to determine the non-sentinel lymph node (NSLN) status and prognosis of the patients with micrometastatic SLNs. Methods: A prospective database of 1,012 clinically node-negative, T1-T2 breast cancer patients, who underwent SLNB from January 2002 to Dec 2010 at Keio University Hospital was analyzed. SLNs were detected using a combined method of isosulfun blue dye and small-sized technetium-99m-labeled tin colloid. Intraoperative frozen examination was performed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. SLNs, fixed and embedded in paraffin, were additionally diagnosed with HE staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Results: Micrometastases in SLNs were found in 69 (6.8%) of 1,012 patients. Thirty eight (55.1%) of 69 patients with micrometastatic SLNs underwent immediate or delayed ALND and revealed no NSLN metastasis. Among 31 (44.9%) patients with micrometastatic SLNs who omitted ALND and axillary radiation therapy, no axillary lymph node recurrence has been observed after a median follow-up of 50 months, although 29 patients (93.5%) in these 31 patients received adjuvant systemic therapy. There is no significant difference in recurrence free survival between the patients with micrometastatic and negative SLNs (98.0% vs. 95.7%, respectively). Conclusions: These date suggested that it may not be necessary to perform ALND for the patients with micrometastatic SLNs and the presence of micrometastases in SLNs may not worsen prognosis with proper systemic therapy.

MRI versus breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI) in the detection of synchronous breast cancer: A prospective head-to-head trial.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (27_suppl) ◽  
pp. 72-72
Author(s):  
L. J. Kirstein ◽  
J. L. Keto ◽  
D. P. Sanchez ◽  
T. Fulop ◽  
I. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

72 Background: Literature suggests that MRI identifies additional mammographically and sonographically occult cancers in 8-10% of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. We have reported comparable sensitivity of BSGI to MRI in the detection of the known index cancer. We sought to prospectively compare BSGI to MRI in the identification of additional occult malignancies in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer from June 1, 2009 through February 4, 2011 were consented for an IRB approved protocol in which they underwent both breast MRI and BSGI. Each imaging study was read by a dedicated breast radiologist, with one reading all MRI, and another reading all BSGI studies. All subsequent biopsies were performed percutaneously under image guidance and reviewed by dedicated pathologists. The identification of additional occult breast cancers by MRI and BSGI was compared. Results: Eighty-five patients underwent both MRI and BSGI. Twenty-one patients elected to undergo mastectomy without further management of imaging findings and were excluded, leaving 64 eligible patients. No additional lesions were found in 22 patients. Twenty-one patients had benign pathology on biopsied imaging findings. Metastatic axillary lymph nodes, satellite lesions or larger extent of disease was identified in 11 patients. Eleven occult breast cancers were identified in 10 patients (15.6%), 6 on MRI alone (9.4%), 3 on BSGI alone (4.7%), and 2 by both modalities (3.1%). There was no significant difference in the identification of occult cancer between MRI and BSGI (chi-square 0.77, p>0.1; Table). Conclusions: BSGI has previously been shown to be as sensitive as MRI for detecting known invasive and in situ breast carcinoma. This study shows that BSGI is equally sensitive to MRI in the detection of synchronous mammographically and sonographically occult cancers in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Further research is needed to identify the false positive rates of BSGI and the effect on surgical management in comparison to MRI. [Table: see text]

The effects of tamoxifen on homocysteine levels in breast cancer patients

Open Medicine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-453
Author(s):  
Aydan Eroğlu ◽  
Yonca Eğin ◽  
Nejat Akar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

AbstractTamoxifen is widely used in the treatment of breast cancer and associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism (TE). An elevated homocysteine is one of the risk factors for TE. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of tamoxifen on serum homocysteine levels in breast cancer patients. We performed a case-control study in 20 female subjects to evaluate the relationship between homocysteine levels, and 5,10-methylenetetrahyrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) 19-bp intron-1 deletion polymorphisms in breast cancer patients and in control subjects. It was observed that homocysteine levels were decreased during tamoxifen therapy, but this finding was not statistically significant. There was also no statistically significant difference in homocysteine levels between the two groups (p> 0.05). MTHFR C677T and DHFR 19-bp deletion polymorphisms were not associated with serum homocysteine value in either group.

scholarly journals Differences in clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and survival outcomes between older and younger breast cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmat Abdel-Razeq ◽  
Sereen Iweir ◽  
Rashid Abdel-Razeq ◽  
Fadwa Abdel Rahman ◽  
Hanan Almasri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractIn developing countries, breast cancer is diagnosed at a much younger age. In this study we investigate the dichotomies between older and young breast cancer patients in our region. The study involved two cohorts; older patients (≥ 65 years, n = 553) and younger ones (≤ 40 years, n = 417). Statistical models were used to investigate the associations between age groups, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. Compared to younger patients, older patients were more likely to present with advanced-stage disease (20.6% vs. 15.1%, p = .028). However, among those with non-metastatic disease, younger patients tended to have more aggressive pathological features, including positive axillary lymph nodes (73.2% vs. 55.6%, p < .001), T-3/4 (28.2% vs. 13.8%, p < .001) and HER2-positive disease (29.3% vs. 16.3%, p < .001). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was significantly better for the younger (72.1%) compared to the older (67.6%), p = .035. However, no significant difference was observed in disease-free survival (DFS) between the two groups.In conclusion, younger patients with breast cancer present with worse clinical and pathological features, albeit a better OS rate. The difference in DFS between the two groups was not insignificant, suggesting that older women were more likely to die from non-cancer related causes.

Predicting axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer patients by ultrasonography

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11075-11075
Author(s):  
N. Rokutanda ◽  
J. Horiguchi ◽  
Y. Koibuchi ◽  
R. Nagaoka ◽  
Y. Iino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Axillary Node ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Node Involvement

11075 Background: About 20% of breast cancer patients eligible for sentinel node (SN) biopsy have axillary node metastases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of preoperative ultrasonography (US) for SN involvement. Methods: Between October 2004 and May 2006, a total of 141 breast cancer patients without clinically node involvement were eligible for SN biopsy. The size (length and height) and cortical thickness of lymph nodes (LN) was measured by US before surgery. Results: Twenty-four (20%) of 141 patients had pathologically involved LN (Positive Group), and 118 (80%) were negative for LN metastases (Negative Group). No LN was detected in 25 patients (21%) of the negative group by US. The number of detected LN was more in the positive group than the negative group (1.59 vs 1.13, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the size of LN between the two groups. The cortical layer of LN was thicker in the positive group than the negative group (3.11 vs 2.12, p<0.05). Eighteen patients had the LN with more than 4mm of cortical thickness, nine (50%) of which revealed pathologically LN involvement. Conclusions: The measuring of cortical thickness is useful for predicting axillary LN involvement by US. This approach may improve the selection of patients for SN biopsy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Non-sentinel lymph node status and prognosis of the breast cancer patients with micrometastatic sentinel lymph nodes

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11504-e11504
Author(s):  
H. Jinno ◽  
T. Onishi ◽  
M. Takahashi ◽  
M. Sakata ◽  
Y. Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Axillary Lymph Node ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

e11504 Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become a standard therapy for clinically node-negative breast cancer patients and improvements of histopathological and molecular analysis of sentinel lymph node (SLN) have increased the rate of micrometastases identified. However it remains controversial whether to perform axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for patients with micrometastases in SLNs and their prognostic significance is also a matter of debate. The purpose of this study is to determine the non- sentinel lymph node (NSLN) status and prognosis of the patients with micrometastatic SLNs. Methods: A prospective database of 666 breast cancer patients with the tumor size less than 3cm and clinical negative node, who underwent SLNB from January 2002 to July 2007 at Keio University Hospital was analyzed. SLNs were detected using a combined method of isosulfun blue dye and small-sized technetium-99m-labeled tin colloid. SLNs were diagnosed with standard hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Results: Micrometastases in SLNs were found in 50 (7.5%) of 666 patients. Twenty nine (58.0%) of 50 patients with micrometastatic SLNs underwent ALND and revealed no NSLN metastasis. Among 21 (42.0%) patients with micrometastatic SLNs who skipped ALND, no axillary lymph node recurrence has been observed in the median follow-up time of 43 months, although 20 patients (95.2%) in 21 patients received adjuvant systemic therapy. There is no significant difference in recurrence free survival between the patients with micrometastatic and negative SLNs (98.0% vs. 95.7%, respectively). Conclusions: These date suggested that it may not be necessary to perform ALND for the patients with micrometastases in SLNs and the presence of micrometastases in SLNs may not be associated with prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Clinical Observation and Retrospective Analysis of the Effect of Comprehensive Treatment on Hepatic Hemangiomas in HR Positive Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyan Tan ◽  
Manting Hu ◽  
Wenjing Sun ◽  
Saijun Huang ◽  
Yue Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hepatic Hemangiomas

Abstract Objective: To retrospectively assess the size change of hepatic hemangiomas（HH） in hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer patients after comprehensive treatment. Methods: Totally 364 confirmed invasive breast cancer cases with HH were diagnosed at the Breast Cancer Center of Yunnan Cancer Hospital in 2013-2018 by abdominal color Doppler ultrasound (ADUS) + contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and at least one upper abdominal CT imaging examination. Follow-up was 6-78 months, and changes in location, number and size of HH at different treatment stages were compared between the HR+ and 85 HR- groups. Subgroup analysis of patients receiving chemotherapy and endocrine therapy was also performed. Results: Totally 323 patients were enrolled, including 238 HR+ (73.7%) and 85 HR- (26.3%) cases. Changes in the longest diameter were similar in both groups (P=0.556), and size change of HH was not associated with axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer (P>0.05). HH showed no change during chemotherapy but was significantly enlarged after chemotherapy (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the tamoxifen (TAM; endocrine drug) only and combination or sequential endocrine treatment (P>0.05) groups. Only the aromatase inhibitor group showed statistical significance (P<0.05) in the AI (letrozole, anastrozole and exemestane) group at the t1 time point. Conclusion: During chemotherapy and endocrine therapy for breast cancer patients with HH, the size of HH changes in some patients, while others develop new HH. No significant effect on size change of HH was observed in this study.

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