Student Movements and User Fees: Trends in the Effect of Social Background and Family Income on Access to Mexican Higher Education, 1984-1996

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Post

The 1999 strike at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) mobilized students around the demand for free public higher education to promote equality of opportunity. In the wake of that movement, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of user fees and of free tuition in promoting equality of opportunity. For this purpose, I used the Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso-Gasto to gauge the impact of family background and household income on the chances for attending higher education since 1984. Despite the low user fees charged in Mexico's public universities during the period, the data show that selectivity by family income worsened. Private universities, always selective, remained so. More worrisome is the fact that, by the mid 1990s, young people living in the poorest income quartile of households were less than ten times as likely to attend public higher education, as compared with children from the richest quartile of households. Free tuition in itself is unlikely to promote equality of access, because the beneficiaries of free tuition--increasingly--came from upper income families. / La huelga de 1999 en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) mobilizó a los estudiantes en torno a la exigencia de una educación pública gratuita que promoviera una igualdad en la oportunidad a acceder a instituciones de educación superior. En el despertar de ese movimiento, es necesario evaluar los efectos de los pagos del usuario y de la enseñanza gratuita en la promoción de dicha igualdad de oportunidad. Por ende, utilicé la Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso-Gasto para calcular el impacto que han tenido el trasfondo social familiar y los ingresos de la familia en cuanto al acceso a la educación avanzada desde 1984. A pesar que durante el período ya mencionado las universidades públicas de México cobran muy poco al estudiante, las estadisticas ejemplifican que las universidades públicas no aceptan a los estudiantes a base de los ingresos familiares del estudiante. Las universidades privadas, que siempre han sido selectivas, continúan siéndolo. Lo que preocupa más es que, para mediados de la década de los noventa, la juventud que vive en los sectores más pobres ha perdido la oportunidad diez veces más de asistir a universidades públicas que los jóvenes que viven en sectores más adinerados de la ciudad. No es probable que la enseñanza gratuita en sí promueva la igualdad de acceso a universidades públicas, ya que los beneficiarios de la enseñanza gratuita--cada vez más--provienen de familias con altos ingresos.

Author(s):  
Pamela A. Lemoine ◽  
Thomas Hackett ◽  
Michael D. Richardson

The leadership needs to develop new organizational structures and systems that will promote and encourage quality learning and the ability to assess the impact of the teaching. Governments across the world have steadily minimized their support for public higher education, and costs associated with gaining a degree have increased constantly over the last decade. Most universities are forced to adopt a restructuring model for commoditizing education to make a profit from large numbers of students. The road ahead for higher education is filled with challenges, risks and uncertainties that begin with education being valued as more than a simple commodity: education becomes a public good. Higher education is increasingly viewed as a major instrument of economic development. In order to hold universities accountable despite limited governmental budgets, many nations have adopted performance-based university research funding strategies for targeted programs.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-270
Author(s):  
Loukas N. Anninos ◽  
Alexandra Paraskevi Chytiri ◽  
Leonidas Chytiris

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine the level of narcissism and its individual traits in students who study business, in the particular context of a regional country such as Greece; and, second, to test how several demographic variables are related to narcissism levels. Design/methodology/approach The study consists of a theoretical part on narcissism in business education and an empirical part that was based on a survey conducted with the use of a questionnaire. The analysis includes hypothesis testing and basic statistical tests. Findings Findings suggest that sex, study levels, years of business experience and (personal/family) income do impact specific narcissistic dimensions, which may be a cause for concern both for employers and higher education providers. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted in a regional country, the participants were students of public higher education institutions only and the questionnaire was self-reported, which could lead to likely social desirability effects. Practical implications The investigation of narcissism in the Greek business education might be of interest to business education providers (for providing curriculum that help future managers/leaders to deploy the positive characteristics of narcissism and avoid or not to develop the negative ones) and to future employers to apply more effective human resource practices, i.e. selection, training, rewarding. Originality/value The study at hand aimed to investigate the presence of narcissism and its individual (narcissistic) behavioral dimensions in students studying business in Greece.


Author(s):  
Julita Niedźwiecka-Ambroziak

The impact of ministerial grants and EU fundson the library of a non-public higher education institution as seen in the Library of the WSB University of ToruńThe article presents an outline of the legal basis of the operation of non-public higher education institutions and their place in the Polish education system. This is the background for the author’s analysis of the library and information systems of business schools that are part of the TEB SA group. The author focuses on extrabudgetary forms of expanding the library of anon-public univer­sity through the use of ministerial and EU grants. The case study presented in the article is that of the Library of the WSB University of Toruń. The author examines, on the basis of books inventoried in 2011–2016, the volume and percentage share of books acquired thanks to EU funds and ministerial grants. She demonstrates how the Library — which, owing to the business nature of the University, has specialist collections at its disposal — acquires new forms of books e-books in mobi and pdf files, e-book readers, audiobooks etc. as well as educational aids. She presents examples of how extrabudgetary funds can support and complement the main budget of the library of anon-public university in its initiatives aimed at creating amodern facility.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Steven Kayambazinthu Msosa ◽  
Courage Mlambo

Recently, students have been very vocal against poor services being offered by higher education institutions. These services range from lectures, registration, classroom management, examinations, transport, library services, housing or residence to the cafeteria. There is a perception that higher education institutions are not doing enough to address the challenges students are encountering even when such grievances or concerns are raised. Therefore, this study analysed the impact of an apology and explanation on interactional justice with respect to both academic and non-academic services. In addition, students' perceptions of an apology, explanation and interactional justice were evaluated. Respondents were selected from a purposive sample of 430 full-time students drawn across three public higher education institutions and data were collected using a self-administered quantitative questionnaire. Data were analysed using the SPSS and Smart PLS3. The findings of this study showed that both an explanation and an apology have a positive and significant impact on interactional justice in higher education institutions. The results also showed that students were largely satisfied with the explanation given than their perception of an apology and interactional justice. This study underpins the need for institutional managers to foster interaction between the institution and aggrieved students. Higher education institutions should offer an apology and explanation if necessary to pacify any animosity that may arise as a result of a poorly delivered service.


1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald K. LeTendre ◽  
Thomas P. Rohlen ◽  
Kangmin Zeng

In reviewing educational trends in Japan during the post-World War II era, the authors found that current national data sets do not contain questions about family background or rank of school attended that are detailed enough to permit a significant analysis of the impact of family background on educational attainment. Given Japan’s stature in the current community of nations, the continued government aversion to collecting family income or educational background data, along with precise data on rank of school attended and/or types of cram school, appears negligent. The authors discuss both cultural and political reasons that may create a reluctance to collect such data.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abílio António Freitas Belo

<p>Several studies have demonstrated the impact that the quality of teacher education has on teaching and student performance. The assessment of the competences of higher education teachers by students is one way of assessing the quality of teachers and, therefore, the quality of public higher education itself. It is therefore pertinent to carry out empirical studies that make it possible to understand how students evaluate teachers' competences.</p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the competences of higher education teachers in the public university of East Timor, based on the students' opinion. Using a random sample of 342 students enrolled in four of the nine faculties of the National University of East Timor (UNTL), surveys were carried out to evaluate the pedagogical, professional, social and personality traits of teachers. The results showed a positive evaluation by the students, although the objectives of the National Strategic Plan for Education 2011-2030 (METL, 2011) have not yet been fully achieved.</p>


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