Racialization and the State: The Housing Act of 1934 and the Creation of the Federal Housing Administration

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Fox Gotham
Keyword(s):  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
The State ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Federal Housing Administration ◽  
Federal Housing ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Corporate Interests ◽  
The Impact

Research examining the impact of corporate interests, state structures, and class contradictions on the state policy formation process has been dominated by three major theoretical perspectives: business dominance theory, state-centered theory, and Marxian structuralism. I argue that these existing perspectives pay insufficient attention to race and racial discrimination as a central component in the formulation and implementation of state policy. This article uses the concept of racialization to reframe existing theories of the state to explain the origin of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) through the Housing Act of 1934. As an integral component of New Deal legislation, the FHA was created for the purpose of salvaging the home building and finance industries that had collapsed during the Great Depression. I draw on government housing reports and analyses, real estate industry documents, and congressional testimony to examine the racial dynamic of the FHA's housing policies and subsidies. The analysis demonstrates the value of employing a racialization framework to account for the racial motivations surrounding the origin of state policies, the racial basis of corporate interests, and the impact of race and racial discrimination on the creation and development of state structures.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CONFUCIAN VALUES ON CHINA’S FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PERIOD OF “REFORMS AND OPENNESS”

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Tetyana Meteliova ◽  
Vira Chghen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The State ◽  
Confucian Values ◽  
China’S Foreign Policy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to identifying the role of the Confucian component in shaping China’s foreign policy during the period of “reforms and openness”. The author analyzes the Chinese “soft power” model and its differences from the classical one, the theoretical foundations of which were formulated by J. Nye, and discovers the China’s “soft power” features in foreign policy and establishes its meaningful connection with Confucian values and concepts. The article provides an overview of “soft power” interpretations in the main works of Chinese scholars, examines the reflection of Confucian “soft power” ideas in the state and party documents and decisions of the period of “reforms and openness”, shows the application of Confucian principles in the foreign policy of China. It is shown that the creation of effective Chinese “soft power” tools is becoming a part of a purposeful and long-term policy of the state. Such tools include the swift reform of leading media, TV and radio companies using modern technologies and focusing on foreign audience abroad, promoting China’s traditional and modern culture in foreign cultural markets, increasing China’s presence on the world market, spreading and promoting the Chinese language, “Education Export” and widening educational contacts, economic ties development and scientific and technical cooperation, public diplomacy development, support of the compatriots living abroad. Geopolitically, China’s soft power strategy is focused on developing relations with its close neighbors and creating a security belt around China. It has been proved that modern China seeks to proclaim itself as a new “soft power” center, the creation of which is a part of the State purposeful long-term policy. It is accompanied by the active appeal of Chinese ideologists to the country's traditional cultural heritage and basing of this new foreign policy on the conservative values of Confucianism, which is a kind of civilizational code determining all aspects of social life for China.

scholarly journals Methods of Ukrainian labor migrants reintegration in the context of state migration policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Liubomyr ROMAN
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The reintegration of migrant workers is the renewal and accelerated development of ties between the individual and the society, the economic and cultural systems, the restoration of the impact of the individual on socio-economic, socio-cultural and political processes and phenomena, increasing participation in the processes of sustainable development on the basis of introducing elements of economic culture countries of pre-migration. The methodological bases for improving the mechanisms of reintegration of labor migrants should be assessed on the basis of available political and legal support. The problem of labor migration has now taken on a national scale, which brings it out of the limits of the influence of any organization, cluster or individual state authority. The formulation of a strategy for regulating labor migration should be made on the basis of the status of this problem as a national one, therefore, requiring macroeconomic regulation, which will be supported by a strong institutional and regulatory framework. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of state migration policy. Results. Theoretical aspects of reintegration of labor migrants are covered. The content analysis of the legal acts of the President of Ukraine is carried out. A number of significant legal acts that have or can have a significant impact on state migration policy are characterized. The peculiarities of the functioning of the central executive body, which implements the state policy in the sphere of migration, and the recent changes in determining the range of subjects of formation and implementation of the state policy in the sphere of labor migration are analyzed. The importance of regulating the issue of investments earned during the emigration of funds into the national economy is substantiated. Conclusion. According to the conducted research, the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of the state migration policy is formed under the influence of debates about the factors, directions and forms of support of the respective processes by the state authorities. We believe that the main disadvantage of reintegration institutional support is the lack of a unified approach to the role and importance of repatriates for the sustainable development of the national economy. In our opinion, this approach should be consolidated in the form of the Law of Ukraine with a clear definition of the subjects of assistance to repatriation and reintegration of labor migrants, as well as to strengthen with additional measures of informational, organizational character, tax privileges for investing the money earned abroad for search, development of employers of skilled migrant workers returning to Ukraine.

scholarly journals Formation of monument protection activities in Soviet Belarus in the years of «thaw» (1953–1968)

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Huzhalouski
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Local State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Cultural Monuments

The author analyses the change in state policy, as well as the revival of public initiative in the field of protection of cultural monuments, as a result of the liberalisation of social and political life in Soviet Belarus during the «thaw». Public speeches of cultural figures, scientists, teachers, journalists served as an impetus for the actions of republican and local state bodies, who decided the fate of national heritage objects. The state officials and society representatives efforts undertaken during the period under review resulted with the creation of the Belarusian voluntary society for the protection of historical and cultural monuments (1966), the State inspectorate for the protection of historical, artistic, architectural and archaeological monuments (1967), as well as with the adoption of «On the protection of cultural monuments» law (1969).

CONCEPTUAL PROVISIONS OF THE STATE POLICY OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN THREATS AND DIGITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
Olga GARAFONOVA ◽  
◽  
Liydmyla POLISHCHUK ◽  
Liudmyla DYKHNYCH ◽  
Inna YASHCHENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Impact

The article focuses on the relevance of identification and typology of modern risks and threats to the economic security of Ukraine. According to the nature of modern risks and threats, they are classified as hybrid. The hybrid nature of modern threats to Ukraine’s economic security necessitates the application of new approaches to the formation and implementation of state policy to ensure the economic security of Ukraine’s national economy. It is shown that the economic security of the state is a complex dynamic system that requires constant monitoring and management of resilience to internal and external threats in order to ensure a positive impact on socio-economic development, improve macroeconomic development, ensure quality and necessary structural changes and institutional reforms. formation of the system of competitiveness of the national economy. Under such conditions, the general goal of state policy should be to improve Ukraine’s economic security system, ensure a higher level of its resistance to the impact of hybrid risks and threats, factors and conditions of globalization and the world order. The elements of the state policy of economic security of Ukraine are determined, namely – the initial conditions, the purpose of state policy, goals and principles of policy, directions of formation of the system of counteraction to security threats, financial-resource and organizational-managerial support. The practical significance of the research results is that the immaturity of the integral system of economic security of the state is identified, which is due to the imperfection of the institutional environment, the imbalance of its structure, the predominance of the role of informal institutions over formal ones. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the conceptual provisions of state policy to ensure the economic security of the state in the face of non-standard hybrid risks and threats.

A ‘Remote’ Town in the Indian Himalaya

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAYANIKA MATHUR
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Indian Himalaya ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town ◽  
The Himalaya

AbstractThis article studies the impact of the creation of a new state in northern India through an analysis of space. The space under consideration is the town of Gopeshwar, which serves as the administrative headquarters of a district in the state of Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand was created as a distinct Himalayan state in 2000 after a prolonged period of mass agitation to this end. The movement for statehood had emphasized historical neglect coupled with exploitation of the mountains of Uttarakhand by the plains. Beginning with an analysis of the town plan, this article moves on to describe how this place is made into a space by everyday practices. In particular it concentrates on the narratives of agents of the state who express a longing to escape this ‘remote’ town. Through an interrogation of the trope of remoteness, this article argues that the creation of the new state has served, ironically enough, to accentuate the traditional characterization of the Himalaya as a backward, inferior space within India.

THE PUBLIC POLICY OF INFORMATION SOCIETY

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Alina Yakymchuk ◽  
Victoria Yaroshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Information Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
General State ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Entire Complex ◽  
The Creation

The main objectives of the state policy in the field of information, which is the reason for the creation of appropriate conditions for achieving this goal were definited. In particular, coordination of the central executive authorities to address the problems of information, execution of functions of the general state of the customer National Informatization Program projects, the organization of international cooperation in matters of information and the like. The state policy of information covers the entire complex of relations that arise: in the creation, collection, storage, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information; in the preparation and use of information and information resources; while ensuring the sovereignty of information, information security and information protection.

scholarly journals CHANGING PRIORITIES OF MIGRATION POLICY OF THE STATE CONSIDERING NATIONAL ECONOMIC SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zatonatska ◽  
O. Anisimova ◽  
D. Zatonatskiy
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
State Policy ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact

With the development of globalization processes and sufficient free movement of labor, and skilled personnel, the problem of legal and illegal migration has gradually become part of public policy for many countries. The aim of the article is to determine the priorities of the state migration policy for legal, illegal migrants and refugees and to form recommendations for the development of clear and transparent rules of the state migration policy taking into account the international legal field and in the context of economic security. An analysis of the main trends in the migration processes was conducted and it was found that over the past 30 years there has been a rapid increase in the number of international migrants and refugees, which puts pressure on the economies of host countries. It has been proven that migration affects the main components of national security, and the impact on the country's economic security is particularly pronounced. As a result, national security requirements must be taken into account when formulating state migration policy. The main components of the state migration policy were identified, the analysis of the main theories and approaches to the migration policy in relation to legal migration was carried out. The main problems of the state policy on illegal migration and refugees have been identified. The state migration policy is analyzed on the example of the EU countries and their overcoming of the migration crisis and the refugee crisis. The state determines the main priorities of migration policy based on national and economic security requirements. There are two main aspects of state migration policy: targeted attraction of immigrants and policy on illegal migration and refugees. There are three main approaches to attracting immigrants - encouraging all types of immigration, creating maximum barriers to immigration, and encouraging specific target groups of immigrants. With regard to illegal immigration, the state can take a tough stance or allow it to replenish the workforce. State policy on refugees is determined by the norms of international law. It has been argued that national migration policies need to be adapted to the current world economy, and that the main priorities include transparency, long-term forecasting of labor market needs, clear criteria for migrant admission and combating illegal migration, which is part of international crime.

scholarly journals Conditions of providing national security of the state

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-327
Author(s):  
Olha Kubetska ◽  
Tetyana Ostapenko ◽  
Yana Paleshko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Main Components

The article deals with the issue of national security of the state through the allocation and consideration of the basic conditions for its provision. In particular, the authors identified the main components of national security of the country (state security, public security, technogenic security, environmental security, etc.) and identified the priority tasks of the state policy to ensure them. In particular, the main components of the conditions for ensuring public safety (state of orderly public legal relations, in which each person, state body, local self-government bodies and their officials adhere to legal and moral and ethical norms, social norms and rules, fulfill all recommendations, are identified in order to achieve public safety and well-being). The authors have determined the basic list of factors of state policy formation of national security. The components of sustainable development of the state have been identified and characterized. The content of the basic principles that determine the order of state policy making in the fields of national security and defense is explained, namely: accountability is defined as a system of measures by which equilibrium (balance) of authority of the authority and its responsibility is achieved; legality is defined as a kind of foundation of a civilized society, ensuring the equality of all persons before the law; transparency of government is defined as the publication or dissemination of information about a public authority, the principle of activity of public authorities, in which all decisions are open and public. The authors place special emphasis on ensuring the fundamental national interests of Ukraine, which proclaimed: state sovereignty and territorial integrity, democratic constitutional order, preventing interference in the internal affairs of Ukraine; sustainable development of the national economy, transparency of power.

scholarly journals Historical and evolutional analysis of the formation and development of management accounting as an independent science

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Алексей Бобрышев ◽  
Aleksey Bobryshev ◽  
Елизавета Медведева ◽  
Elizaveta Medvedeva
Keyword(s):  
Management Accounting ◽  
The State ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects

The article describes the evolutionary aspects of the formation of man- agement accounting as an independent science, given the prerequisites that influenced the creation of management accounting in our country, highlight- ed and characterized the main stages of the development of management accounting. According to the results of the study, a number of regularities of the historical and evolutionary development of management accounting were formulated, in particular, the discrepancy between the periodization of the development of management accounting in Russia and global practice; the impact of evolutionary processes in the economy on the formation of management accounting tools; the focus of domestic accounting practices on the implementation of the fiscal functions of the state; mismatch of ob- jects and objects of management accounting, etc.

scholarly journals State policy in the field of import substitution and its impact on certain areas of economic security

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Aleksey Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Economic Security

The article presents the results of a study of the state policy in the field of import substitution and its impact on certain areas of economic security. Areas of economic security that are subject to the influence of the state policy of import substitution are identified. Among these areas, food, financial, innovation and investment, social, energy, production and technological, foreign trade security were identified. The nature of the impact of the state policy of import substitution on each of the areas of national economic security is substantiated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document