Gender and Genre in Pavlova's A Double Life

Slavic Review ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Greene
Keyword(s):  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Women Poets ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
The West ◽  
Literary Reputation ◽  
Ambivalent Attitude ◽  
Gender And Genre ◽  
Valerii Briusov ◽  
The Revolution

The literary reputation of Karolina Pavlova (1807-1893) has fluctuated considerably over the years: she was praised in the 1830s, 1840s and early 1850s, reviled in the 1860s as unprogressive and consigned to oblivion from the 1870s until her death in 1893. At the turn of the century she was rediscovered by the Russian symbolists: Poliakov, Blok and Bely praised her, and Valerii Briusov edited a two-volume edition of her work (1915). Women poets of the time, such as Cherubina de Gabriak (Elisaveta Vasil'eva), Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva and Parnok, cited her and dedicated poems to her. After the revolution Pavlova was reconsigned to oblivion. Two scholarly editions of Pavlova's poetry appeared during the Soviet period (1937 and 1964) but accompanied by introductions deploring her unprogressive views on politics and art. At best they damned her with faint praise as “not first rate but all the same somewhat noteworthy.” The ambivalent attitude toward Pavlova may have reflected a conflict between the Soviet attempt to “claim the classics for the Soviet cause” while downplaying material that could not be construed retroactively to support the Soviet regime; Pavlova was identified with the politically conservative Slavophiles. Only after she had been rediscovered in the west did positive Soviet scholarship about her begin to appear.

‘Russia is always ahead of time…’ Аndrey Bitov on himself, the empire, the Russian language and literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Elena K. Chkhaidze
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
The West ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Imperial Identity ◽  
The Russian Language

One of the last interviews given by Andrey Bitov, often considered a founder of Russian Postmodernism, before his death. His books are a symbiosis of knowledge (of history, culture, and literature) and play, which is perceived as the driver of alternating meanings constantly undergoing a transformation. The idea behind the conversation was not only to clarify the questions left unanswered upon the reading of Bitov’s epic Empire in Four Dimensions [ Imperiya v chetyryokh izmereniyakh ] and other books, but also to identify the foundations of the writer’s views. In one of his last interviews, Bitov discussed his vision of Russia’s imperial identity and Russian mentality, the Soviet regime and the Soviet period, Stalin’s role in history, his attitude to the West, the Russian language, secrets of his books and his favorite authors. Bitov reminisced about his trips to the Soviet republics of Georgia and Armenia, as well as his friendship with R. Gabriadze and G. Matevosyan. The writer offered his original vision of the development of Russian literature in the 19th c. in light of his fascination with astrology.

scholarly journals The Transmutation of the Symbolist Ethos: Mystical Anarchism and the Revolution of 1905

Slavic Review ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Current Crisis ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
The Revolution

He [Chulkov] says to me, “mystical anarchism,” I say to him, “non-acceptance of the world, supra-individualism, mystical energism,” and we understand each other. . . .Viacheslav IvanovThe Revolution of 1905 challenged the symbolists’ belief that they could seclude themselves from the rest of society. Forced to reexamine their previous ideas, values, and attitudes, they developed new ideologies that took cognizance of the current crisis. Among the most prominent of the new ideologies was mystical anarchism, the doctrine of the symbolist writers Georgii Chulkov and Viacheslav Ivanov. Particularly attractive to the symbolists, mystical anarchism also influenced other artists and intellectuals; doctrines similar to it proliferated, and it engendered a polemic in which almost all the symbolists took part. Strikingly similar to the mystical anarchism of other periods of social upheaval, both in Russia and in the West, illuminating a facet of the little-known mystical and religious aspects of the Revolution of 1905, and providing an example of the response of apolitical writers and artists to revolutionary upheaval, Chulkov and Ivanov’s doctrine merits closer study than it has so far received.

Anti-Catholicism in Germany, Britain, and the United States: A Review and Critique of Recent Scholarship

2001 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjule Anne Drury
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Irish Question ◽  
Political Economic

The past two decades have seen an efflorescence of works exploring cultural anti-Catholicism in a variety of national contexts. But so far, historians have engaged in little comparative analysis. This article is a first step, examining recent historical literature on modern British and American anti-Catholicism, in order to trace the similarities and distinctiveness of the turn-of-the-century German case. Historians are most likely to be acquainted with American nativism, the German Kulturkampf, continental anticlericalism, and the problems of Catholic Emancipation and the Irish Question in Britain. Many of the themes and functions of anti-Catholic discourse in the West transcended national and temporal boundaries. In each case, the conceptualization of a Catholic ‘other’ is a testament to the tenacity of confessionalism in an age formerly characterized as one of inexorable secularization. Contemporary observers often agreed that religious culture—like history, race, ethnicity, geography, and local custom—played a role in the self-evident distinctiveness of peoples and nations, in their political forms, economic performance, and intellectual and artistic contributions. We will see how confessionalism remained a lens through which intellectuals and ordinary citizens, whether attached or estranged from religious commitments, viewed political, economic, and cultural change.

Ethnicity and Anthropology in the Soviet Union

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Gellner
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Social Anthropology ◽  
The West ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Soviet Academy ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Interaction History ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Revolution

InThePastDecade, a minor revolution has taken place within Soviet Anthropology. ‘Ethnography’ is one of the recognised disciplines in the Soviet academic world, and corresponds roughly to what in the West is called social anthropology. This revolution has as yet been barely noticed by outside observers (1). Its leader is Yulian Bromley, a very Russian scholar with a very English surname, Director of the Institute of Ethnography of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. The revolution consists of making ethnography into the studies of ethnos-es, or, in current Western academic jargon, into the study of ethnicity—in other words the study of the phenomena of national feeling, identity, and interaction. History is about chaps, geography is about maps, and ethnography is about ethnoses. What else ? The revolution is supported by arguments weightier than mere verbal suggestiveness; but by way of persuasive consideration, etymology is also invoked.

Murderous Mumbo-Jumbo: The Significance of Fraternity to Three Criminal Organizations in Late Nineteenth-Century America

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1067-1088
Author(s):  
KRISTOFER ALLERFELDT
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
Mumbo Jumbo ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Over the past thirty years or so the study of American fraternity has been used to explore a variety of phenomena in the nation's evolution, especially around the turn of the twentieth century. Fraternities have been used to understand the exploration, taming and exploitation of the West. They have been shown to represent proof of the various turn-of-the century crises of gender, race and ethnicity. They have been seen as the very embodiment of bygone caring, sharing, communities. However, among the aspects to have escaped attention is the importance of fraternity in criminal organizations. Given that crime, then as now, was seen as one of the most pressing of social issues, and given that over these years there was a deep suspicion that there were a variety of ultra-secret fraternities organizing, facilitating and manipulating wide-ranging criminal activities, this may be considered a little odd. This article investigates the idea that there was really such a thing as a genuine criminal “fraternity.” Looking at three of the most famous of such organizations – the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), the Molly Maguires and the Mafia – it demonstrates that not only were ideas of fraternity central to their very existence, but they are also crucial to our understanding both of them and of the period in which they were situated.

scholarly journals The Campaign to Discredit Dissident Valentyn Moroz from the Side of the Soviet Regime

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Bohdan Paska
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Regime ◽  
State Archive ◽  
False Information ◽  
Central State ◽  
The West ◽  
Security Service

The article analyzes the main measures of the Soviet regime to discredit the dissident Valentyn Moroz in the 1970s and early 1980s. This problem has not been studied in Ukrainian historiography yet. The basis of sources is previously classified documents of the Sectoral State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine (SSA SSU), as well as materials of the Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine (CSAPA), the Soviet press, memoirs of participants of the dissident movement. The chronological framework, stages and tasks of the discrediting campaign are singled out. Among its methods there is the distribution of false information about the dissident through the Ukrainian and foreign press, the initiation of conflicts with the participation of V. Moroz in the Mordovian colonies and in emigration, diplomatic pressure on the governments of the West. The author concludes that the KGB campaign has become one of the most important factors that led to a fall in the reputation of V. Moroz at the turn of the 1970s-1980s. Keywords: Valentyn Moroz, Ukrainian dissident movement, Soviet regime, discrediting campaign, disinformation, Ukrainian diaspora

The broken chain of learning: the crisis of religion and belief literacy and its origins

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Adam Dinham ◽  
Alp Arat ◽  
Martha Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
World Religions ◽  
The West ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Public Religion ◽  
Other World ◽  
Post War

This chapter discusses the loss of religion and belief literacy, which it locates in two public spheres: welfare and education. The period before the loss of religion and belief literacy in Britain and the West was, by its very nature, almost entirely Christian. Although there was a degree of plurality, and an awareness of some other religions, these were largely treated as essentially exotic. Yet, at the very moment that people stopped paying (much) attention to religion and belief, they entered a period of dramatic change. This has meant massive declines in Christianity, increases in other world religions, a huge growth in atheism and non-religion, and a shift towards informal and revival forms of religion and belief, especially associated with varying ideas of spirituality. The resulting challenges of religion and belief literacy are rooted here in the post-war period, in which the deliberate dilution of religious socialisation post-1945 has been followed by the accidental invisibility of religious social action and its disconcerting re-emergence after 1980, and then a striking renewal of religion and belief as a public sphere issue around the turn of the century, and especially after 9/11. What emerges is a tension between a loss of public religion and belief and its subsequent re-emergence after a prolonged period in which it was not really talked about.

Revolution from Abroad

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-238
Author(s):  
Faith Hillis
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution ◽  
Revolutionary Violence ◽  
The Revolution

This chapter treats the Bolshevik revolution and first years of the Soviet regime as the final chapter of the émigré saga. It follows the alumni of the colonies as they returned to the colonies after the February 1917 revolution and examines how their experiences abroad influenced their later actions. The chapter shows how the Bolsheviks used the exile tradition of living the revolution and the close relationships they had formed abroad to consolidate their power. At the same time, it argues that longstanding antipathies imported from Europe intensified revolutionary violence, and that rival interpretations of what it meant to live the revolution advanced by other parties posed persistent challenges to Bolshevik hegemony.

Wilkinson

2019 ◽  
pp. 136-149
Author(s):  
Gwynne Tuell Potts
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
American History ◽  
The United States ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
The West ◽  
Independent Entity ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Revolution

Casual readers of American history may assume the United States enjoyed relative peace between the end of the Revolution and the War of 1812, but in fact, the West remained in turmoil and Kentucky lay at the center of British, French, and Spanish intrigue. Kentuckians struggled with significant decisions leading to statehood: should they remain part of Virginia, join the United States, or become an independent entity aligned with another nation? Navigation rights on the Mississippi River were at the heart of Kentuckians’ concerns, and as long as the federal government refused to negotiate the matter with Spain, most farmers initially were reluctant to commit themselves and their children to land-locked futures. George Rogers Clark, with the encouragement of his former soldiers, agreed to lead a contingent of settlers to form a colony on the Mississippi. Going so far as to ask Spain for permission to do so (as did Sevier, Steuben, and others), Clark unnerved the federal government.

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