Some Remarks on the Study of Prehistoric Structures

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-455
Author(s):  
Slavomil Vencl

AbstractThe present article responds to questions raised by Marshall (1969). Based on European material, the author concludes that engineering principles cannot be universally applied, despite some obviously positive results. Before reconstructing an object, the completeness of its preserved remains should be taken into account and the preserved floor plan should be supplemented with those elements that have vanished. To use only what actually remains of a house floor in making a reconstruction presupposes that the layout is fully preserved, and this is of course not always the case. The English version of this paper was translated from the original Czech manuscript by H. Martin Wobst, University of Michigan.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Daniela Hăisan

AbstractDrawing loosely on text linguistics, Gérard Genette’s classic works on paratextuality, as well as a number of fairly recent concerns in Translation Studies (e.g.paratranslation, translator’s habitus, translator’s visibility), the present article deals with a collection of notes by Alphonse Daudet published posthumously (1930) asLa Doulou, and particularly with its best-known English version,In the Land of Pain, signed by Julian Barnes (2002). The translator counterbalances the inherent deficiencies of Daudet’s fragmentary text by making the most of paratextual patronage (he writes an introduction, two afterwords and 64 footnotes in order to turn Daudet’s notes into a proper book).


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2 (22)) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Seda Gasparyan

The present article aims to investigate the historical and religious circumstances which incited King James to initiate and start the translation of the Holy Script anew though two other versions of the Bible in English were already there. The stormy period England and the English Church were going through in mid-XVI century and the succession of Prince James VI of Scotland to throne (who became King James I of England) and his unfavorable attitude towards Protestantism made him conceive the idea of the necessity of creating a new English version of the Bible which will provide appropriate influence on the Church and keep it away from Calvinist views and ideas. Through the employment of the descriptive method, the author on the other hand tries to analyse the most prominent events and activities which preconditioned the creation of the new English version of the Bible, known as the King James Bible, which has long proved to be the best translation of the Bible in English.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael John Ilagan ◽  
Welfredo Patungan

Plain English Abstract A classic theory in psychology is that intelligence is necessary but not sufficient for creativity: unintelligent people are only uncreative; but intelligent people may be creative or uncreative. Many other theories in the social sciences invoke the same asymmetric necessary-but-not-sufficient relationship. Whereas the theory is simple enough to state, statistically confirming it—as scientists aim to do with their theories—is a complicated matter, as statistical methods conventional to psychologists are inappropriate for asymmetric relationships. For decades, this methodological problem left researchers stumped, and the present article sheds light on it. In particular, the present article does the following: argues that previous methods purported to statistically confirm the theorized relationship are lacking; proposes a novel model that elucidates the notions of necessity and sufficiency between a pair of variables; and demonstrates this model on a dataset from a published study of intelligence and creativity. Of the two creativity variables analyzed, the classic theory was confirmed for only one of them. It is important that social science researchers carefully think about methodology, as doing so guards against false-positive results in their respective fields.Scientific Abstract On the relationship between intelligence and creativity, a classic theory is that intelligence is necessary but not sufficient for creativity. Graphically, this theory is represented by a triangular shape of bivariate scatter between the two. As conventional linear methods are known to be inappropriate, a long-standing problem has been how to substantiate this theory. One innovation purported to solve this problem is the use of Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA), a method that confirms the relationship on the basis of an empty upper left corner in the scatterplot. The present article elaborates a novel take on this methodological problem. What it takes to account for necessity and sufficiency is tackled, and it is argued that NCA is not an appropriate method. As an alternative, a probability model of creativity as a function of IQ was posited, in particular for double-bounded creativity variables. Using the model proposed, intelligence vs. creativity data from Jauk et al. (2013b) were reanalyzed. A formal hypothesis based on the theorized relationship was supported for one of the two creativity variables analyzed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8229
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Grzesiak-Kopeć ◽  
Barbara Strug ◽  
Grażyna Ślusarczyk

In this paper, an evolutionary technique is proposed as a method for generating new design solutions for the floor layout problem. The genotypes are represented by the vectors of numerical values of points representing endpoints of room walls. Equivalents of genetic operators for such a representation are proposed. A case study of the design problem of one-story houses is presented from the initial requirements to the best solutions. An evaluation method using requirement-weighted fitness function for evolved plans is also proposed. The obtained results as well as the advantages and issues related to such an approach are also discussed.


Lyuboslovie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 205-235
Author(s):  
Hans Sauer ◽  

Each translation is a transformation. This is also true of the Theodulfi Capitula (ThCap) and its two Old English translations. These illustrate two opposite ways of translating. The Old English version which is here called ThCapA is a relatively free rendering with additions and omissions, whereas the Old English version here called ThCapB is a very literal translation with hardly any additions and omissions. This is also true of their treatment of binomials. Whereas the A-translator sometimes adds binomials in his OE version and changes those in his Latin source (the ThCap), the B-translator tries to render each binomial of his Latin source, but he does not add any new ones. The treatment of binomials in the ThCapA and the ThCapB will be discussed in more detail in the present article.


The article deals with the issues of information in the negotiation processes for the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict. The information consists of international documents used in dealing with conflicts, as well as information about the actual situation on the ground. In addition, the powers of the negotiating party should be taken into account. These powers restrict the use of information to some extent. It is also necessary to point out the influence of the parties to the conflict and their information base on the mediators in the negotiation process. The observance of neutrality in the negotiations contributes to the achievement of positive results. At the same time, the activities of the parties to the negotiations directly depend on the position of a particular party in the region and its influence on the situation. Each side has the support of certain international forces. In the meantime, the situation is affected by the balance of these forces and the interests of superpowers that have their own interests in the region. The task of the Azerbaijani side is to form an objective view of the situation using the necessary historical data. The data should be complex and comprehensive. English version on pp. 90-94 available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/humanitarian-mission-of-the-negotiations-on-the-nagorno-karabakh-conflict/61582.html


1928 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Miller

I propose in the present article to mention the additions which have been made during recent years to our knowledge of the medieval, Turkish and modern periods of Greek history, especially by the Greeks themselves. In the fifth edition of Paparregopoulos' standardHistory of the Greek Nation, edited and continued by Professor P. Karolides, we have an account of the whole history of the Greeks from prehistoric times down to the annexation of Thessaly and Arta in 1881. The editor, who sat in the Turkish parliament and is particularly strong in all that regards the Moslem world, has, by large additions to the text and by footnotes, brought the classic masterpiece of his author up to date, while for the first time this work is illustrated and indexed. In the general field of medieval Greek history theAnnual of the Society of Byzantine Studies, which first appeared in 1924, has published a number of articles by Greek specialists, while theByzantinisch-Neugriechische Jahrbücherof Professor Nikos A. Bees, started at Berlin in 1920, has been published since 1926 in Athens, where a similar periodical,Helleniká, edited by Professors Amantos and Kougeas, is announced. The local medieval and modern history of Epeiros is being collected in theEpeirote Chronicles, of which two volumes and a biographical supplement have appeared; that of Thrace in the similar periodical,Thrakiká, of which one complete volume has been issued. Dr Franz Dölger has produced two instalments of theCorpus der griechischen Urkunden des Mittelalters und der neueren Zeit, planned by Krumbacher, and giving German summaries of documents from 565 to 1204, andBeiträge zur Geschichte der byzantinischen Finanzverwaltung besonders des10.und11.Fahrhunderts. Messrs A. E. R. Boak and James E. Dunlap have contributedTwo Studies in Later Roman and Byzantine Administrationon “The Master of the Offices” and “The Office of the Grand Chamberlain” respectively toThe University of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Series(vol. XIV, New York, 1924).


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Эдуард Хатов ◽  
Eduard Khatov

The present article is devoted to identifying the sources and gathering information system in the process of prosecutorial supervision over the implementation of laws on combating corruption. On the basis of the content of the legal acts regulating the activities of designated prosecutors in the field of supervision over the implementation of laws on combating corruption as well as the application thereof, and also statistics, the author undertakes to study the information component of the activities of prosecutors in the field in question. The definition and classification are based on the information used in this area by supervisory agencies. The author analyzed the powers of prosecutors in the field in question. Special attention is given to the existing restrictions established for the methods of working with the information that is accessible to prosecutors. The author specifies the causes which give rise to liability for breach of such requirements. The article also contains a number of recommendations relating to the collection and identification of sources of information in the exercise of prosecutorial supervision over the implementation of laws on combating corruption. The conclusion is that the achievement of positive results in supervisory activities in this area is impossible without the high-quality information and analytical support for the activities of the prosecutor.


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