Status-Related Variation in Foodways in the Moundville Chiefdom

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Welch ◽  
C. Margaret Scarry
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Related Variation ◽  
Single Dimension ◽  
Functional Types ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Animal Remains

People use food and food-related behavior to express and reinforce a multitude of social relations. We examine subsistence remains and pottery recovered from several different social-status and functional contexts in the Moundville chiefdom. Differential distributions of plant and animal remains suggest that elite members of the society received food as tribute. The analyzed contexts also differ in the ratios of serving ware to cooking ware and in the relative frequencies of the functional types of serving vessels present. Greater emphasis was placed on the presentation of food in elite contexts, and the types of vessels used to serve or display food varied depending on whether the context was public or private. This patterning in food remains and pottery assemblages from different contexts is complex and cannot be explained by a single dimension of variability. Rather, to account for the patterns it is necessary to consider the evidence in terms of the ways people used food in different social settings.

scholarly journals Isotopic investigation of skeletal remains at the Imdang tombs reveals high consumption of game birds and social stratification in ancient Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungcheol Choy ◽  
Hee Young Yun ◽  
Seung Hee Kim ◽  
Sangsoo Jung ◽  
Benjamin T. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Dietary Adaptation ◽  
Early States ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Game Birds

AbstractUnderstanding the development of early states on the Korean Peninsula is an important topic in Korean archaeology. However, it is not clear how social structure was organized by these early states and what natural resources were utilized from their surrounding environments. To investigate dietary adaptation and social status in ancient Korea, stable isotope ratios and radiocarbon dates were measured from humans and animals from the Imdang cemetery, Gyeongsan city, South Korea. The results indicate that the Imdang diet was mainly based on C3 plants and terrestrial animals. Animal remains in the graves were directly consumed as daily food items as well as for ritual offerings. MixSIAR modeling results revealed that the dietary sources for the humans were: game birds > C3 plants > terrestrial herbivores > marine fish > C4 plants. The finding that the game birds represented the highest contribution to the whole diet, indicates that game birds must have been intensively hunted. Furthermore, elites consumed more game birds than their retainers and they also consumed seafood as a privileged dietary item in the Imdang society. This study demonstrates that the Apdok was a stratified society having high variations in the consumption of food items available to an individual and provides new insights about the subsistence and social status of the early ancient Apdok state on the Korean Peninsula.

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift among Scheduled Caste in Jharkhand: A Study of Garhwa District

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ambrish Gautam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Socially Excluded

Status is a position provided to the person of the concern society based on societal norms, values and customary practices. It is further being divided into two parts, first one is the Ascribed status, and another is Achieved status. The ascribed status is assigned to a person by the group or society, whereas achieved status is earned by the individual through his/her personal attributes and is taken note of by the people in and around his/her location. It is also evident that in majority of the cases, the ascribed status always determines the nature and extent of the achieved status. The ascribed status of the Dalits contributes or hinders in the formation of their achieved status. It also includes their social interaction and social relations with non-Dalits in the exiting local level social structure. This status is being characterized and specified by the process of Sanskritization, social and religious reforms, and the constitutional provisions in the formation of achieved status of Dalits in their different strata of life. The social status is the convergent form of both the ascribed and achieved statuses of a person in each society or social structure. In every circumstance, one’s higher ascribed status always contributes positively to his or her higher achieved status. Conversely, lower the ascribed status, lower is the achieved status though this may be other way round in the exceptional case. Anyway, the symmetrical or linear relationship between the lower ascribed and achieved statuses gets more crystallized, if the person comes from a group which remains socially excluded forever. But due to the prospects of Independence, Education, Constitutional safeguards and Modernisation several kinds of changes occurred in the status of Dalit’s in the society. Through this paper, I have tried to identify the process of social status formation among Dalits in Jharkhand.

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift among Scheduled Caste in Jharkhand: A Study of Garhwa District

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ambrish Gautam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Socially Excluded

Status is a position provided to the person of the concern society based on societal norms, values and customary practices. It is further being divided into two parts, first one is the Ascribed status, and another is Achieved status. The ascribed status is assigned to a person by the group or society, whereas achieved status is earned by the individual through his/her personal attributes and is taken note of by the people in and around his/her location. It is also evident that in majority of the cases, the ascribed status always determines the nature and extent of the achieved status. The ascribed status of the Dalits contributes or hinders in the formation of their achieved status. It also includes their social interaction and social relations with non-Dalits in the exiting local level social structure. This status is being characterized and specified by the process of Sanskritization, social and religious reforms, and the constitutional provisions in the formation of achieved status of Dalits in their different strata of life. The social status is the convergent form of both the ascribed and achieved statuses of a person in each society or social structure. In every circumstance, one’s higher ascribed status always contributes positively to his or her higher achieved status. Conversely, lower the ascribed status, lower is the achieved status though this may be other way round in the exceptional case. Anyway, the symmetrical or linear relationship between the lower ascribed and achieved statuses gets more crystallized, if the person comes from a group which remains socially excluded forever. But due to the prospects of Independence, Education, Constitutional safeguards and Modernisation several kinds of changes occurred in the status of Dalit’s in the society. Through this paper, I have tried to identify the process of social status formation among Dalits in Jharkhand.

Death of the passive subject

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Human Intentionality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theories Of Meaning

In recent years some archaeological commentators have suggested moving away from an exclusively anthropocentric view of social reality. These ideas endorse elevating objects to the same ontological level as humans – thus creating a symmetrical view of reality. However, this symmetry threatens to force us to abandon the human subject and theories of meaning. This article defends a different idea. It is argued here that an archaeology of the social, based on human intentionality, is possible, while maintaining an ontology that does not involve dualistic conceptions of reality. Building upon the philosophical work of Vincent Descombes, it is contended that humans are intentional actors and society is predicated on triadic relations that involve humans, objects and meanings. These relations can only be understood holistically, given that these relations are merely parts of a meta-narrative. These meta-narratives contain specific historical and social settings, and it is only within these settings that social relations are intelligible.

Life in the city shadows: Work, identity and social status

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Briggs ◽  
Rubén Monge Gamero
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Work Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The City

Valdemingómez, however, revolves around its own norms and codes which defy and violate conventional everyday conceptions of normative behaviour. This congregation of crime, violence and victimization in a spatial and legal no-mans land like Valdemingómez means that grave misdemeanours occur without consequences and violence is normalized part of the everyday fabric of social life. For this reason, in Valdemingómez almost anything goes and this produces a series of tensions in the social hierarchies that are attached to cultural interactions in the area which permeate elements of work and labour, the moral economy, daily life and social relations. In this chapter, we take a detailed look at the cultural milieu of Valdemingómez and its operations, and show how people survive there and how the various players attempt to foster some self-respect from these harsh realities.

Gender effects in peer nominations for aggression and social status

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel A. Card ◽  
Ernest V. E. Hodges ◽  
Todd D. Little ◽  
Patricia H. Hawley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Variance Partitioning ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Social Relations Model ◽  
Peer Nominations

Little prior research has examined children’s interpersonal perceptions of peers from a social relations model framework. This study examines the degree of actor and partner variances, as well as generalised and dyadic reciprocities, in a sample of 351 sixth graders’ peer nominations of different forms and functions of aggression and aspects of social status. Gender differences in these nominations are also explored. Results indicate significant actor and partner variances for all measures, and generalised reciprocity in social status perceptions. Clear gender differences were noted in rates of nominations, such that more same-sex than cross-sex nominations were generally given for both positive and negative aspects; however, we found mixed evidence of gender differences in the variance partitioning and reciprocity correlation estimates.

scholarly journals Migration and Ethnicity in Coalfield History: Global Perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (S1) ◽  
pp. 13-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ad Knotter
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Forced Labour

AbstractThis article provides a general background to the case studies in this Special Issue by highlighting some general themes in the history of migration to coalfields worldwide. All over the world, mining companies have struggled with labour shortages and had to find ways to recruit sufficient numbers of mineworkers. The solutions adopted ranged from the involvement of part-time peasant miners, organized mediation by labour contractors, and systems of forced labour, to state regulation of national and international migration. The importance of these kinds of “intervening institution” in mobilizing labour for the coalmines is illustrated by examples from different parts of the world. Efforts to find new workers for the mines often resulted in the recruitment of ethnic groups of a lower social status, not only because they were rural and unskilled, but also because they were considered inferior from a cultural or ethnic viewpoint. In this respect there was a huge difference from the migration and settlement of skilled miners, like those from Britain and other countries. Ethnic differences were often closely related to differences in skill and social status. Although there are many instances of inter-ethnic solidarity and cooperation, depending on the time-frame and circumstances, these differences could have a profound effect on social relations in mining communities.

scholarly journals Settlement differentiation of vital comfort factors in Ukraine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Olha Burova
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Special Configuration ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Satisfaction With Democracy ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article analyzes settlement differentiation of vital comfort factors in Ukraine. Found that every aspect of vital comfort is due to special configuration factors in settling a separate group. The analysis found that in major cities vital comfort depends on the ecological and socio-psychological problems that are caused by processes of urbanization. In large and medium-sized cities for vital comfort necessary conditions are social relations embodied in favorable conditions for the growth of social status. Among the residents of small towns and villages significant conditions of vital comfort acquisition are as income and financial status, and satisfaction with democracy and evaluation of socio-economic situation.

scholarly journals Jilbab dan Identitas Sosial: Relasi Keberagamaan dan Status Sosial Perempuan Berjilbab di Ponorogo

FIKRAH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Unun Roudlotul Janah ◽  
Shofwatul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Two Sides

<span>The use of headscarves is not only religious identity but also functions as a statement of the value or social status of a person who has two sides, first, ascribed, second, and can be achieved. The focus of this article is to find out how the description of social identity for veiled women in Ponorogo and its consequences. The results of data analysis using symbolic interactionalism theory show some of the first findings, the pattern of life of religiosity (religiosity) of veiled women and veiled Shar' i tends to lead to religious exclusivism. While medium veiled women tend to lead to pluralist religious inclusive typologies. Second, for veiled and veiled Shar' i women, headscarves are social identities whose dimensions are shaped by "the trust" religious norms and values that must be adhered to and carried out in their community. While for medium veiled women, headscarves are social identities based on religious norms without having to deny the truth of religious teachings held by other groups in the context of social relations and community relations.</span><p> </p>

Social Relations

2018 ◽  
pp. 146-180
Author(s):  
Suzannah Lipscomb
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Sacred Spaces ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Moral Boundaries ◽  
Role Of Women

Section 1 examines the function of gossip in community life. It highlights the role of women as gossips, motivated by a profound interest in the sexual activities of others, and using gossip to delineate the moral boundaries of the community. It considers how gossip led to female denunciation and action. Section 2 identifies forty-one different insults used against women. It considers the ubiquity of the insult putain (whore), but also how women were charged with drunkenness and lacking control through other sexually denigrating synonyms, and some non-sexual insults. It concludes that sexual insults were about sex, and were mostly used by women against women. Section 3 examines disputes over sacred spaces, which were bound up with social status, and violent neighbourly quarrels. It considers the causes of such fights, and how women were verbally and physical violent against other women, and men.

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