History of Photography: The State of Research

2001 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Nickel
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
History Of Photography ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research

scholarly journals Polish Dialectal Phrasematics – the State of Research (for the Five-year Period 2015–2020), Methods and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Maciej Rak
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
North And South

The article has three goals. The first is to present the history of research on Polish dialectal phrasematics. In particular, attention was paid to the last five years, i.e. the period 2015–2020. The works in question were ordered according to the dialectological key, taking into account the following dialects: Greater Polish, Masovian, Silesian, Lesser Polish, and the North and South-Eastern dialects. The second goal is to indicate the methodologies that have so far been used to describe dialectal phrasematics. Initially, component analysis was used, which was part of the structuralist research trend, later (more or less from the late 1980s) the ethnolinguistic approach, especially the description of the linguistic picture of the world, began to dominate. The third goal of the article is to provide perspectives. The author once again (as he did it in his earlier works) postulates the preparation of a dictionary of Polish dialectal phrasematics.

The Desert Fayum in the twenty-first century

Antiquity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (361) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Simon Holdaway ◽  
Rebecca Phillipps ◽  
Joshua Emmitt ◽  
Veerle Linseele ◽  
Willeke Wendrich
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Agricultural Origins ◽  
North Shore ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Academic Debate

From 1924–1928, Gertrude Caton-Thompson and Elinor Gardner surveyed and excavated Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic sites across the Fayum north shore in Egypt, publishing a volume entitled The Desert Fayum (1934). Since then, a number of researchers have worked in the Fayum (e.g. Wendorf & Schild 1976; Hassan 1986; Wenke et al. 1988; Kozłowski & Ginter 1989), and most recently the UCLA/RUG/UOA Fayum Project. The long history of research in the area means that the Fayum is a testament to changing archaeological approaches, particularly regarding the Neolithic. Caton-Thompson and Gardner's study is recognised as one of the most progressive works on Egyptian prehistory, and their research provided the foundation for many subsequent studies in the region (e.g. Wendrich & Cappers 2005; Holdaway et al. 2010, 2016; Shirai 2010, 2013, 2015, 2016a; Emmitt 2011; Emmitt et al. 2017; Holdaway & Wendrich 2017). A recent article in Antiquity, however, uses Caton-Thompson and Gardner's preliminary interpretations of their excavations at a stratified deposit in the Fayum, Kom W, to generate a series of speculative statements concerning agricultural origins in the region (Shirai 2016b). The majority of these statements are very similar to conclusions initially made by Caton-Thompson and Gardner in the first half of the twentieth century, and new data and theory needed to reassess earlier conclusions are not considered. Recently published studies concerning the Fayum north shore and adjacent regions provide a different view of the state of research in this region and the Egyptian Neolithic in general. Here we acquaint Antiquity readers with current archaeological approaches to the Fayum north shore Neolithic, with the intent of stimulating academic debate.

Weiterführende Fragen zur Erforschung der preußischen Reformationsgeschichte

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-296
Author(s):  
Janusz Małłek
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Church Discipline ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Western Influences ◽  
Confessional Identity ◽  
State Of Research

ABSTRACT In this article, the author characterizes the state of research on the history of the Reformation in ducal and in royal Prussia and formulates research questions for the future. He takes up the organization of the “new” church; the pastorate and elders; church discipline; the culture of confession; the Polish and Prussian Reformations; and confessional identity and confessionalization. He expresses reservations concerning the view that domestic Prussian theology was dominant and points to western influences. He studies the causes for the loose ties between Protestants in both parts of Prussia and the Polish crown despite their common interests.

scholarly journals Construction of the Irkutsk-Baikal section of the trans-Baikal railway: state of research

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 00037
Author(s):  
Valery V. Tretyakov ◽  
Yuri A. Petrushin ◽  
Anastasia V. Nekludova ◽  
Elena A. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Railway Construction ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complex Construction ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Available Information

The article considers the problems of railway construction in Russia in the 19th and early 20th centuries and finds out the available information on one of the fragments of this grandiose construction in the historical literature. Attention is focused on the construction history of one of the important sections of the Trans-Siberian railway – the Irkutsk-Baikal branch railway, which became the foundation of the Circumbaikal railway. This part of the Great Siberian Railway proved to be a very technically complex construction facility and required significant investments from the state. However, it was not easy to approach to its construction. Its creation was preceded by the work of numerous research teams, selfless labour of designers, engineers, technicians and workers. Thanks to their efforts, our country ultimately managed to establish a continuous rail transportation service and unite the western and eastern parts of Russia, which made it possible to maintain the country’s defense capability during the sudden outbreak of the Russian-Japanese War of 1904–1905. The authors specify the main problems that arise when studying the history of the construction and operation of the Irkutsk-Baikal line. They define the range of sources put into circulation by researchers of the designing and construction processes of this road. It is emphasized that the largest number of sources relate to the creation of the line, while the sources which deeply reflect the line operation are few and fragmented.

Researching and Writing about Poverty in Slovakia

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kusá
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
The State ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research

The paper gives some insights into the state of research and public debate abot poverty in Slovakia. It suggests that the idea of personal responsibility and the diminution of the state, and the practical need to rduce the public expenditures frame the public debate and the research orientation substantially, and that there is the tendency both of the poor families and politicians to avoid the discussion about everyday livelihood troubles of those living on social support. The author introduces some findings of the family history research History of Poverty in Slovakia that was the part of the international project designed and co-ordinated by Julia Szalai to present survival strategies of poor households and discusses the outcomes of their tendency to veil their poverty and include themselves by trying to pretend major consumption standards.

A Reappraisal of the Sources of Inca History: The Works of Ake Wedin

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Magnus Mörner
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
American History ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Latin American History ◽  
Inca Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Thick Layers

A. Wedin’s Works in General Although the history of the Inca empire has received more attention from scholars and laymen than almost any other aspect of Latin American history, the state of research is far from satisfactory. The writings of generations of students of Inca history have deposited thick layers of myths. It is urgently required that these layers be removed before any serious historical reconstruction can be undertaken. However, the task is risky. Perhaps only quagmire is to be found beneath.

scholarly journals La polonité des Hauts-de-France telle qu’inscrite sur les étendards. Une étude d’objets jusque-là négligés alors que riches d’informations

2020 ◽  
pp. 273-285
Author(s):  
Maryla Laurent ◽  
Iwona H. Pugacewicz
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
The State ◽  
Northern France ◽  
Immigrant Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

The authors have considered the topic, rarely mentioned in the scientific literature, which are the inscriptions and symbols placed on polonical banners. A three-volume dissertation by Monika Salmon-Siama, entitled Vexillological heritage of the Polish immigration in northern France (1919-2018), turned out to be a contributing factor to this kind of scientific digression. In the introduction, they analyzed the state of research on Polish emigration, settled in northern France, indicating the main reasons for their poor representativeness in comparison with the entire emigre history of the Polish diaspora. Referring to the proper vexological studies, they brought closer the richness of sources that we deal with in the discussed region, and then showed the complexity of this type of bibliological-semiotic research. Taking up the subject matter from the Westphalian-French borderline, inevitably, after M. Salmon Siama, they showed aesthetic and axiological values, including patriotic values, a group of symbols and inscriptions discussed, and in turn showed the durability of the Polish immigrant identity of subsequent generations living in northern France. The article is also an attempt to show the reader the diversity and richness of organizational and social life over almost a century, introduces the mentality and customs of the Polish Diaspora, and shows the underestimated role of the Polish banner.  

scholarly journals Historiography of legal science in modern educational and research practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Sergey Kodan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Instrumental Value ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
Source Study ◽  
State Of Research

The article shows the state of research of historiography in modern social sciences and humanities. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the place, role, objectives and functions of the historiography of legal science in the context of its importance in educational and research practices. The author emphasizes the instrumental value and offers a model for studying the historiography of legal science. It also focuses on the problems. The publication was prepared within the framework of the RFBR-funded scientific project no. 20-011-00779 «Historiography, source study and methodology of the history of political and legal doctrines: theoretical and applied problems of research practices».

scholarly journals The state of research of the concept of intentionalityin criminal legal literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Valeriya Savytska
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reliable Knowledge ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Subjective Side

The state of research of the concept of consciousness in the criminal law literature is studied. The Consti-tution of Ukraine in Art. 62 declared that a person is presumed innocent of committing a crime and may not be subjected to criminal punishment until his guilt has been proved in a lawful manner and established by a court conviction. No one is required to prove their innocence. The accusation cannot be based on evidence obtained illegally, nor on assumptions. All doubts about the guilt of a person are interpreted in his favor. This provision of the Basic Law is reflected in Part 2 of Art. 2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, Art. 2, art. 17 and item 2 part 1 of Art. 91 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which should maximally promote the implementation of such a constitutional norm. In turn, guilt is a mandatory feature of the subjective side of the crime, the establishment of which is the final step in establishing the crime as the only basis for criminal liability, so its clarification is important. Traditionally, in addition to guilt, the signs of the subjective side of the crime include motive, purpose and emotional state. At the same time, in the Criminal Code of Ukraine there are other features defined by the legislator as mandatory and which reveal the content of the subjective side of the crime. One of them is intentionality. It has been proved that in the science of criminal law there is an opinion that it is appropriate to interpret the term "intentionality" not as knowledge or assumptions, but only as reliable knowledge. In addi-tion, intentionality is considered not as an independent feature of the subjective side of the criminal offense, but as a feature that characterizes the intellectual moment of the relevant form of guilt (usually intent (although in the scientific community there is no unity in this case). However, there is an alternative posi-tion, according to which intentionality is an independent feature of the subjective side, which must be con-sidered in conjunction with guilt. In order to establish the urgency of the need to use the sign of intentionality in criminal law and to understand in more detail its essence, we will consider the history of the development of the use of the concept of intentionality in the monuments of domestic criminal law.

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