scholarly journals A Dynamic Theory of Expertise and Occupational Boundaries in New Technology Implementation: Building on Barley's Study of CT Scanning

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-607
Author(s):  
Laura J. Black ◽  
Paul R. Carlile ◽  
Nelson P. Repenning
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Dynamic Theory ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Expected Benefits

In this paper, we develop a theory to explain why the implementation of new technologies often disrupts occupational roles in ways that delay the expected benefits. To explore these disruptions, we construct a dynamic model grounded in ethnographic data from Barley's widely cited (1986) study of computed tomography (CT) as implemented in two hospitals. Using modeling, we formalize the recursive relationship between the activity of CT scanning and the types and accumulations of knowledge used by doctors and technologists. We find that a balance of expertise across occupational boundaries in operating the technology creates a pattern in which the benefits of the new technology are likely to be realized most rapidly. By operationalizing the dynamics between knowledge and social action, we specify more clearly the recursive relationship between structuring and structure. *

Team Implementation of New Technology

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (15) ◽  
pp. 1340-1344
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Jones ◽  
Michael J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Current State ◽  
Teams And Teamwork ◽  
Cooperative Team

New technology is dramatically changing the workplace by allowing companies to increase efficiency, productivity, quality, safety, and overall profitability. An effective new technology implementation is required for companies to compete successfully in the global marketplace. Time and money wasted on unsuccessful and improper new technology implementation is counterproductive to the overall goal of improving the competitiveness and profitability of the company. Teams and teamwork have been recommended as a way to improve efficiency, productivity, quality, safety, profitability, and employee satisfaction. With the utilization of total quality management (TQM) and quality improvement (QI), each of which rely on teamwork, new technology implementations have been more successful. New technology challenges the current state of traditional implementation methods and techniques. To effectively utilize these new technologies it is best to consider all of the factors involved in the implementation process; most importantly the human elements involved. It is recommended to utilize a cooperative team oriented approach to new technology implementation, which relies heavily on soliciting employee input and participation throughout the entire process. By doing this it is hoped that the new technology can be implemented in the most effective way possible. A case study is presented to illustrate this.

scholarly journals Role reconfiguration: what ethnographic studies tell us about the implications of technological change for work and collaboration in healthcare

BMJ Leader ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. leader-2020-000224
Author(s):  
Heloise Agreli ◽  
Ruthanne Huising ◽  
Marina Peduzzi
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Leadership Challenges ◽  
Health Occupations ◽  
Ethnographic Studies

New technologies including digital health and robotics are driving the evolution of healthcare. At the same time, healthcare systems are transitioning from a multiprofessional model approach of healthcare delivery to an interprofessional model. The concurrence of these two trends may represent an opportunity for leaders in healthcare because both require renegotiation of the complex division of work and enhanced interdependency. This review examines how the introduction of new technologies alters the role boundaries of occupations and interdependencies among health occupations. Based on a scoping review of ethnographic studies of technology implementation in a variety of contexts (from primary care to operating room) and of diverse technologies (from health informatics systems to robotics), we develop the concept of role reconfiguration to capture simultaneous adjustments of multiple, interdependent roles during technological change. Ethnographic and qualitative studies provide rich, detailed accounts of what people actually do and how their work and role is changed (or not) when a new technology arrives. Through a synthesis of these studies, we develop a typology of four types of role reconfiguration: negotiation, clarification, enlargement and restriction. We discuss leadership challenges in managing role reconfiguration and formulate four leadership priorities. We suggest that leaders: redesign roles proactively, paying attention to interdependencies; offer opportunities for collective learning about new technologies; ensure that knowledge of new technologies is distributed across roles and prepare to address resistance.

An Integrated and Digitalized Approach to Reduce the Well Failure Index During Covid-19 Global Pandemic in Shushufindi Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oki Maulidani ◽  
Pedro Escalona ◽  
Monica Paredes ◽  
Maria Sierra ◽  
Christian Bonilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Failure Index ◽  
Big Picture

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic is an unprecedented condition to the global economy including the oil & gas industry. The ability to adapt to the imposed changes, requires creativity, innovation, digitalization of processes, and resilience. This work will show a novel integrated approach around four pillars which had improved operation efficiency and brought monetary value during a challenging 2020 in Shushufindi field, Ecuador. The first pillar is new technology adoption. This aims to extend run life of critical equipment resulting in a higher well productive time. Examples of adopted technology: Chrome-enrich tubulars, downhole microcaps chemical deployment, de-sander and multiphase/extended gas handler. The second pillar is the P3 process (Pre-Pulling-Post) to quickly and effectively find the root cause of well failure that leads to definite remedial action. Digital enabler is the third pillar, its value come from reducing operational downtime and risk by using real-time surveillance capability, remote control, and data intelligence. The final pillar is to re-establish an effective communication with all stakeholders. Various dashboards have been developed in order to provide the big picture of actual field condition in quickly manner as well as implementation of ESP real time surveillance & diagnostics, real time multiphase production test, and chemical treatment automation. Workshops, online technical, and service quality meetings are regularly conducted to ensure that recommendations and opportunities can be executed properly including contractual negotiations to enable new technology implementation. Despite all the restrictions during covid-19 pandemic and some force majeures in 2020, this integrated and digitalized approach has resulted an outstanding outcome: Well failure index reduced from 0.62 in 2019 to 0.41 in 2020; Production deferment related to well failure declined significantly from 2,420 bopd in 2019 to 1,259 bopd in 2020, which translate in savings of $16.8 million dollars. In addition to that, there was a reduction on operational cost from $26.3 million dollars in 2019 to $15.2 million dollars in 2020. This proven initiative has been supported and recognized by all stakeholders. Some new technologies and digitalization projects are in the process to be implemented in Shushufindi field as part of Ecuador digital strategy 2022. This successful integrated and digitalized approach can be adopted in other fields and will generate a huge business impact.

KEEPING UP WITH TECHNOLOGY—OR CAN WE?

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 507-508
Author(s):  
Gary J. Stankovich
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Practical Experiences

ABSTRACT Is technology developing faster than it can be effectively used and managed in oil spill planning and response? Satellite communications, global positioning systems (GPS), geographical information systems (GIS), and advanced spill management computer software, to name a few technologies, are currently available to the response community—and more is on the way. This paper will discuss some successes and pitfalls of new technology implementation in emergency management teams. Questions regarding how technology is selected, tested, and implemented will be raised from the perspective of a purchaser or implementer rather than that of a technology developer or provider. Discussion will also include the practical experiences of a spill management team in its attempts to use some of the latest technologies. Finally, suggestions that may lead to more practical and effective selection and use of new technologies are presented.

scholarly journals Doctors’ Perceptions of E-Prescribing upon Its Mandatory Adoption in Poland, Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Method

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Natalia Wrzosek ◽  
Agnieszka Zimmermann ◽  
Łukasz Balwicki
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Use Of Technology

Background: E-prescribing is the most important achievement in the automation of the healthcare sector in Poland. Obligatory electronic prescribing came into force on 8 January 2020. This innovation significantly changes the work of doctors. Therefore, it is useful to identify the factors that have an impact on doctors’ acceptance levels for the new technology. Methods: This study employs a survey based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) method. Our questionnaire was completed by 144 family doctors in Poland during the technology implementation phase and the initial period of obligatory e-prescribing, between 1 December 2019 and 1 March 2020. Results: The results of the survey indicate that doctors do not believe that e-prescribing improves the effectiveness of their work. In addition, this attitude does not depend on the age of the respondent. We also found, regarding the influence of societal attitudes, that doctors only rarely consider the opinions of others in relation to their job. Conclusions: The implementation of new technologies in the healthcare system must be accompanied by consideration of how user-friendly the technologies are, and whether the users will have appropriate technical and financial support.

Implementation of New Technology

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (16) ◽  
pp. 1254-1258
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Jones ◽  
Michael J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Organization Structure ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
Current State ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Big Picture

New technology is dramatically changing the workplace in order to allow companies to increase efficiency, productivity, quality, safety, and overall profitability. An effective new technology implementation is necessary in order for companies to compete successfully in the global marketplace. Time and money wasted on unsuccessful and improper new technology implementation is counterproductive to the overall goal of improving the competitiveness and profitability of the company. Therefore this new technology challenges the current state of traditional implementation methods and techniques. To effectively utilize these new technologies it is best to consider all of the factors involved in the implementation process, such as: new technology characteristics, organization structure, task factors, and environmental characteristics, and most importantly the human elements involved. It is also recommended to utilize a cooperative approach to new technology implementation, which relies heavily on soliciting employee input and participation throughout the entire process. By taking a holistic “big picture” planned view of the situation; and being sensitive to the interactions that exist; it is hoped that the new technology can be implemented in the most effective way possible.

Accident prevention in day-to-day clinical radiation therapy practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Baeza
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
And Training

Nearly 50–60% of cancer patients will undergo radiotherapy at some point in their treatment. Around 85% of the world's population live in developing countries served by approximately 30% of the world's radiotherapy facilities. It has been suggested that 1 megavoltage unit is required for every 500 new treatment courses per year, while others estimate that 1 megavoltage unit is needed for every 300 new treatments. However, these numbers do not necessarily take into account the development of new technologies and treatment modalities, which are more time- and resource-intensive. The International Commission on Radiological Protection has emphasised that ‘purchasing new equipment without a concomitant effort on education and training and on a programme of quality assurance is dangerous’, and ‘the decision to implement a new technology for radiation therapy should be based on a thorough evaluation of the expected benefits, rather than being driven by the technology itself’. It is estimated that the rate of serious mistakes could be as high as 0.2%, which is several orders of magnitude higher than the rate reported for commercial aviation. So, how safe is safe? It can be stated that the development of a culture of safety is critical and requires efforts in education and training, which could prove difficult in overloaded departments.

scholarly journals Technology consideration in tennis umpiring: replacing the humans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jan Carboch
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Insight Into

New technologies step into sports refereeing, officiating, or umpiring. This technology can assist humans to avoid blunders or errors. However, in tennis, this technology now starts to replace humans, i.e. the line umpires. In this letter, we try to provide insight into potential problems, that this technology brings, but also we try to provide its benefits. We offer considerations from the umpire (human) view.  It is not very clear and we consider it still in a grey zone, what are the next best steps, even though it seems that the new technology implementation is unavoidable. In this letter, we focus on tennis line umpires, because technology is replacing them now. Therefore, would like to encourage and call for more research on this currently hot topic.

Radiation Dose Survey for Common Computed Tomography Exams: 2013 British Columbia Results

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Thakur ◽  
Thorarin A. Bjarnason ◽  
Patricia Baxter ◽  
Mitch Griffith ◽  
Kirk Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Filtered Backprojection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Health Canada

In 2013 Health Canada conducted a national survey of computed tomography (CT) radiation usage. We analysed contributions from all 7 public health authorities in the province of British Columbia, which covered scanner age, number of slices, and common adult protocols (≥19 years: 70 ± 20 kg, head, chest, abdomen/pelvis, and trunk). Patient doses were recorded for common protocols. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) was calculated using scanner data with >10 patient doses recorded for each protocol. Data was analysed based on image reconstruction (filtered backprojection vs iterative reconstruction [IR] vs IR available but not in use). Provincial response was 92%, with 59 of 64 CT data used for analysis. The average scanner age was 5.5 years old, with 39% of scanners installed between 2008-2013; 78.5% of scanners were multislice (>64 slices), and 44% of scanners had IR available. Overall British Columbia DRLs were: head = 1305, chest = 529, abdomen/pelvis = 819, and trunk = 1225. DRLs were consistent with Health Canada recommendations and other Canadian published values, but above international standards. For sites with IR available, less than 50% used this technology routinely for head, chest and trunk exams. Overall, use of IR reduced radiation usage between 11%-32% compared to filtered backprojection, while sites using IR vs IR available used 30%/43% less radiation for head/chest exams ( P < .05). No significant difference was observed for abdomen/pelvis exams ( P = .385). With the fast pace of CT technical advancement, DRLs should reflect the technology used, instead of just globally applied to anatomical regions. Federal guidelines should be updated at a higher frequency to reflect new technology. In addition, new technologies must be utilised to optimize image quality vs radiation usage.

An Examination of Employee Participation during New Technology Implementation

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 767-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben-Tzion Karsh
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
End Users ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
End User ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Technology Effects ◽  
System Characteristics

The purpose of this study was to examine how end user perceptions of (1) their inputs into the implementation of a new technology, (2) their inputs into the design of a new technology, and (3) the information received about a new technology affected their perceptions of the technology. Fifteen end users involved with or affected by the introduction of a new document imaging system served as subjects. A survey questionnaire was used to collect all necessary data. Participation in the implementation of the system was related to positive perceptions of system characteristics and new technology effects on end user jobs. Participation in the implementation was also related to satisfaction with the new technology. Implications for organizations planning on implementing new technologies are discussed.

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