Herakles Crowning Himself: New Greek Statuary Types and Their Place in Hellenistic and Roman Art

1957 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Vermeule
Keyword(s):  
General Problem ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
The Body ◽  
Roman Art ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

In the course of examining Roman imperial medallions and coins in connexion with a study of Roman cult images, representations of Herakles Crowning Himself, a figure which appears on the reverses of medallions of Marcus Aurelius, Lucius Verus (Plate I, 2), and Commodus (Plate I, 3), merit further comment. These reverses, whether with or without legend, exhibit identical compositions. In the centre a young, beardless Herakles stands facing, his right hand raised in the act of placing a crown on his head; his left hand, close to his left hip, holds the club upwards in the crook of the elbow. Between club and elbow, the lion's skin hangs down over the forearm to a point midway along the left leg. The head, both forepaws, and tail are clearly visible dangling below. On all the medallions the die designer has made very clear the, important point that Herakles rests his weight on the left foot, with left hip thrown out and the right foot slightly back and out, giving a pronounced bow curve to the right side of the body from foot to shoulder. To Herakles' right and slightly behind him appears an apple tree on one branch of which hang the hero's quiver and bow; to his left rear is seen a square altar, festooned with garlands and with an offering burning on the top, and in her comprehensive monograph on Roman medallions J. M. C. Toynbee suggests that ‘the picture as a whole had been inspired by some bas-relief or painting now lost to us’. The question of relating the central figure to the whole composition will be taken up in Part II, in reappraising the general problem of famous statue types in medallion compositions. For the moment we may see what further progress may be made in identifying the statue type of the young Herakles Crowning Himself.

scholarly journals XIV.—Ancient Gold Ornaments: described by John Yonge Akerman, Esq. Secretary

Archaeologia ◽  
1853 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
John Yonge Akerman
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Plate Viii ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Small Loop ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Of Greece

With the exception of Figs. 1, 2, 3, the Gold Ornaments engraved in Plate VIII. have no reference whatever to each other. The first three were obtained by Viscount Strangford, Director of the Society, from a Greek priest at Milo, in the year 1820. Figs. 1 and 3 appear to have formed the ends of a light chain, and the other (fig. 2) to have been pendent by a small loop on the top of the head. The figure has unfortunately lost the feet and the left hand, but the other parts are perfect. The right hand is raised in an admonitory attitude. The forehead appears as if encircled with a wreath, while the body is crossed by what would seem to be intended for the tendril of a vine. The necklace was formerly in the collection of the late Mr. H. P. Borrell, of Smyrna, but I am informed by his brother, Mr. Maximilian Borrell, who now possesses it, that no record exists of its discovery, and that he cannot learn the name of the individual from whom it was purchased. It was well known that Mr. H. P. Borrell was in the habit of purchasing ancient coins, which were sent to him from all parts of Greece and Asia-Minor, and that many rare and unique specimens fell into his hands, of which he contributed descriptions in various volumes of the Numismatic Chronicle. The necklace may, therefore, have been included in one of these numerous consignments, and we can scarcely indulge the hope that the place of its discovery will ever be made known. As an example of ancient art, it may vie with the most elaborate and beautiful specimens of goldsmiths' work of any age or period. The details are wonderfully minute and delicate, even the backs of the button-like objects at the ends of the pendent cords being elaborately finished.

scholarly journals Realization of Low Profile Leaky Wave Antennas Using the Bending Technique for Frequency Scanning and Sensor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kandwal ◽  
Zedong Nie ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Louis W. Y. Liu ◽  
Ranjan Das
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leaky Wave ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Frequency Scanning ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ku Band

This paper proposes an efficient transmission line modulation by using the bending technique to realize low profile leaky wave antennas in the Ku-band for frequency scanning and sensor applications. The paper focuses mainly on the bending effects of the transmission line in terms of the sharpness of edges. The right-hand/left-hand transmission line can be designed in the form of zig-zag pattern with sharp corners and only the right-hand transmission line in the form of sinusoidal patterns with smooth corners. In this presentation, we demonstrate that transmission lines of this kind can be used to realize highly efficient leaky wave antennas with broadband impedance matching and high gain characteristics in the Ku-band. Dispersion analysis and ladder network analysis have been performed for investigating the performance of the proposed designs. The sharpness of the bends periodically distributed along the body of the antenna has been used to our advantage for frequency scanning in the left-hand and right-hand quadrants at different frequencies. The proposed bending technique has been proven to be instrumental in achieving the desired characteristics of low profile leaky wave antennas.

scholarly journals On certain correction terms required in the equations for the kinetics of simple hœmolysis

1932 ◽  
Vol 110 (765) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectric Cell ◽  
Photoelectric Current ◽  
Cell Method ◽  
High Tension ◽  
Satisfactory Method ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Correction Terms ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Made In

The most satisfactory method hitherto available for the measurement of percentage hœmolysis has been the potassium cell method described in an earlier paper (Ponder and Yeager, 1930). This method, however, has certain limitations and disadvantages, two of which are particularly conspicuous. (i) The galvanometer which records the photoelectric current takes several seconds to deflect, and several seconds more to settle at zero. This determines that no more than four readings of the degree of hœmolysis can be made in a minute, and that only a few points can be obtained on the percentage hœmolysis curve for rapidly hœmolysing systems. Even these points, moreover, are apt to be inaccurate, for lysis is going on during the time taken for the galvanometer to move ; the degree of lysis recorded is thus always greater than that really present at the moment the photoelectric cell first receives the light. The effect is to move the percentage hœmolysis curve over to the right by a distance corresponding to about 0-05 minutes ; this shift is of little consequence if lysis is slow, but may introduce considerable error if it is rapid. (ii) The method is unreliable in the sense that its efficiency depends on factors which are controlled with difficulty and which are liable to vary. Photoelectric fatigue, although usually absent, may appear during any experiment, the voltage of the high tension battery or of the accumulator which supplies the lamp may vary, or the potassium cell may glow as a result of a careless exposure to the light in the interval before the cells are added to the lysin in the chamber. Experience shows that these accidents often happen, and the necessity of being continually on one’s guard against them makes the measurement of percentage hœmolysis much more difficult than would appear at first sight.

scholarly journals tDCS Modulation of Visually Induced Analgesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2419-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Mancini ◽  
Nadia Bolognini ◽  
Patrick Haggard ◽  
Giuseppe Vallar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Extrastriate Visual Cortex ◽  
Multisensory Interactions ◽  
The Right

Multisensory interactions can produce analgesic effects. In particular, viewing one's own body reduces pain levels, perhaps because of changes in connectivity between visual areas specialized for body representation, and sensory areas underlying pain perception. We tested the causal role of the extrastriate visual cortex in triggering visually induced analgesia by modulating the excitability of this region with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Anodal, cathodal, or sham tDCS (2 mA, 10 min) was administered to 24 healthy participants over the right occipital or over the centro-parietal areas thought to be involved in the sensory processing of pain. Participants were required to rate the intensity of painful electrical stimuli while viewing either their left hand or an object occluding the left hand, both before and immediately after tDCS. We found that the analgesic effect of viewing the body was enhanced selectively by anodal stimulation of the occipital cortex. The effect was specific for the polarity and the site of stimulation. The present results indicate that visually induced analgesia may depend on neural signals from the extrastriate visual cortex.

Manual Asymmetries in Aimed Movements

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Roy ◽  
Digby Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Delay Condition ◽  
Movement Initiation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Manual Asymmetries ◽  
Pointing Accuracy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

Three hypotheses for the right-hand advantage in aiming movements were examined in these experiments: (1) the right-hand system is more efficient at processing visual information during the movement; (2) subjects make more use of visual information prior to movement initiation when using the right hand; (3) the right hand is less variable in generating force in initiating the pointing response as force demands increase. In the first experiment subjects pointed at a target located directly in front of them from two starting positions which defined short (25-cm) and long (35-cm) movements. The movements were made in three movement times, fast (150 to 249 msec), medium (250 to 349 msec) and slow (350 to 449 msec), under three vision conditions—full vision, and no vision (lights out) with immediate or delayed movement initiation. Performance was measured in movement time and accuracy in amplitude of movement. The results did not completely support any of the hypotheses regarding the right-hand advantage, although the left hand was generally more variable than the right. Also, variability increased with increases in movement length and decreases in movement time. The second experiment was designed to examine further the hypotheses regarding the right-hand advantage. In this experiment the same three visual conditions were used; however, subjects made only fast (<250-msec) movements. Also six rather than two starting positions were used. The increased variability of the left hand was observed again here. Further pointing accuracy with the left hand was more adversely affected in the no-vision delay condition. The implications of these results were discussed as they pertain to understanding the processes involved in visual aiming and the observed manual asymmetries.

scholarly journals Studi Ergonomi tentang Keluhan-keluhan Fisik yang Dialami Karyawan di Unit Perpustakaan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Heru Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Elbow ◽  
The Right

In carrying out the activities at the library needed a comfort, safety and job security in order to create a condition that is in line with expectations and make history in enjoying what will be done. To create an environment and atmosphare is influenced by temperature, humidity, air circulation, lighting, mechanical vibration, color, ordor, and a number of tools used to support the activities of the library includes tables, ahairs, shelves, cabinets, atc. Furniture or equipment use in the library must also be designed so that a safe and compfortable when used. This study aims to determine the grievances suffered by employees (librarian. This study is a quantitative research approach to ergonomics so that the methods used include: (1) observation by direct observation, (2) interview were conducted using a questionnaire sheet Nordi Body Map and (3) documentation. The results obtained from this study: (1) in the upper body 70% complained of pain in the shoulders and neck, 50 % left shoulder , right shoulder 55 % , and 45 % on the left arm. (2) the body of the middle 60 % complained of back pain , 50 % in the upper right arm , 60 % pain in the waist , 20 % on the buttocks , 15 % on the buttocks , the left elbow 25 % , 20 % right elbow , 30 % below the left arm , forearm 25 % right, 35 % left wrist , right wrist 45 % , 30 % and 40 % left hand right hand. (3) in the lower body as much as 20 % complained of pain in the left thigh , right thigh 20 % , 30 % left knee , right knee 25 % , 35 % left calf , calf 35 % right, 20 % left ankle , 30 % on the right ankle , 20 % of the left leg and 25 % pain in the right foot . It can be concluded that most of the employees (librarians) complained of pain in the right side of the body member .

Prompt implementation of the right to deduct input tax in light of EU regulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (283) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Beata Rogalska
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
Settlement Period ◽  
Economic Event ◽  
Formal Requirement ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

In a situation where the taxpayer [resp. person taxable] holds an invoice prior to submittal of the return/statement for the settlement period in which the tax obligation occurred on the part of the contracting party, the term laid down in Article 178 (a) of Directive 112 has been met. Whilst the holding of an invoice is the only formal requirement, the notion of ‘holding’ ought to be interpreted in a manner compliant with its colloquial understanding. In turn, ‘holding’ is not equal in meaning to ‘receiving’/‘receipt’. In the event that an economic event has occurred and the taxpayer is capable of giving evidence for it, as he holds the invoice at the moment the tax settlement is made in the return/ statement, there are no grounds that would be legitimate under the EU laws for arguing that the taxpayer must shift his vested right to have the input tax deducted to the subsequent month, being the months in which he receives the invoice. The rule of prompt implementation of the right to deduct input tax should be taken into account. If the national regulations provide for shifting the above-specified moment through formulating any additional conditions are contrary to Directive 112. It is therefore apparent that Article 86, clause 10 (b), item 1 of the Polish Value-Added-Tax Act of 11th March 2004 is not in agreement with Article 178 (s) of Directive 112 as the former sets forth a condition that is not provided in the said EU regulation–namely, the right to have the output tax reduced by the input tax only as part of the settlement for the month in which the taxpayer receives the invoice.

A Statuette in private Possession

1926 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 149-150
Author(s):  
H. W. Law
Keyword(s):  
Flat Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shoulder Blade ◽  
The Way

The statuette represented in the accompanying photograph is about 37·6 cm. in height. The left leg is broken off above the knee, and supported on a prop which forms part of the base. The right leg is only roughly chiselled at the back, which suggests that the front side alone was visible in the position in which the statuette was originally placed. The nature of the object on the right shoulder is uncertain. The upper portion is like a kind of boss, and the lower front portion resembles an animal's claw. It has been suggested that it represents a pedum; but the angle at which the missing portion (if there has been a fracture, which is not certain) would project puts some difficulty in the way of this hypothesis. If, however, the object on the shoulder was part of an animal's skin extended across the breast, all traces of that have disappeared; though in a spot over the right ribs the marble has been shaved away to a flat surface, against which some object may have rested. There are three similar shaved spots in other parts of the body: behind each shoulder-blade and on the nates, and these may well indicate the places at which the statuette touched a wall. The position of the shaved spots behind the shoulder-blades does not suggest that they were the starting-points of wings. A small portion of lead piping is inserted under the left arm in the back of the mask—apparently a Comic one—carried in the left hand. The marble is of a rough crystalline character, probably Parian or Naxian. In the absence of the head and of all certain attributes it is difficult to say whether the statuette represents an Eros or a Satyr.

scholarly journals Why society is a complex problem? A review of Philip Ball’s book – Meeting Twenty-first Century Challenges with a New Kind of Science

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Diana Tampu ◽  
Carmen Costea
Keyword(s):  
Complex Problem ◽  
First Century ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Bear Witness ◽  
Made In

The 21st century is burdened by a series of dramatic changes and efforts are carried out to find potential solutions to consumerism, access to information, transient climate disequilibria, health care and demographic transformations. A new page in human history will bear witness to the introduction of new ways of thinking, new changes, new relationships and interconnections that transcend states and societies. The moment is ripe for individuals aware of the implications carried by global changes and challenges, to step up and encourage responsibility and sustainable development. Mankind is currently living in a data-rich world, where information is widely dispersed. Nevertheless, extracting the right assumptions and conclusions from the available data proves difficult as numerous social phenomena do not run with clockwork precision as the laws governing the Newtonian universe.Human awareness and intelligence demand a more responsible approach to all operations and steps should be made in determining the consequences and their impact. The goal of this paper is not restricted to providing a review but also to enforce certain ideas in relation to the complex interactions specific to society and economic activities.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN FORMULA DAN EVALUASI GEL REJUVENASI DARI ASCORBYL GLUCOSIDE MELALUI SISTEM PENGHANTARAN TEKNOLOGI MACROBEAD® - Development and Evaluation Formula Gel Rejuvenation of Ascorbyl Glucoside Through Technology Delivery System Macrobead®

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retty Handayani ◽  
Endang Sutedja ◽  
Marline Abdassah Abdassah ◽  
Emma Surachman Emma Surachman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Skin Rejuvenation ◽  
Franz Diffusion Cell ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Alkyl Acrylate ◽  
The Right ◽  
Skin Lightening ◽  
Made In

AbstrakVitamin C dan derivatnya banyak digunakan dalam sediaan kosmetika sebagai pencerah kulit. Pada penelitian ini akan dikembangkan gel rejuvenasi yang mengandung derivat vitamin C ascorbyl glucoside (AA2G) dalam sistem penghantaran macrobead®. Selain sebagai pencerah kulit, AA2G juga dapat dipakai untuk pengelupasan dan peremajaan kulit (rejuvenasi). Persen jeratan ditetapkan terlebih dahulu dengan perbandingan (AA2G: macrobead®) 1:2, 2:2 dan 3:2, basis yang digunakan adalah acrylates copolymer (5%, 10%, 15%) dan alkyl acrylate crosspolymer (0,5%, 1%, 1,5%). Formulasi gel rejuvenasi dibuat dalam variasi konsentrasi AA2G yaitu 1%, 2% dan 3%. Uji efektivitas dilakukan terhadap 30 orang relawan dengan menggunakan punggung tangan bagian kanan. Uji difusi dilakukan selama 360 menit menggunakan sel difusi franz. Hasil penetapan persen jeratan menunjukan perbandingan 1:2 memiliki jeratan terbesar yaitu  88,60%. Basis alkyl acrylate crosspolymer dipilih sebagai basis paling stabil dengan konsentrasi 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tangan yang diolesi formula gel terpilih (1:2) menunjukan perubahan terhadap kulit yaitu kulit lebih cerah, lebih kencang dan lebih halus dibandingkan tangan kiri sebagai kontrol.  Hasil uji difusi menunjukan bahwa formulasi gel rejuvenasi dapat melintasi membran sebesar 0,12% dalam waktu 360 menit.Kata kunci: ascorbyl glucoside, acrylates copolymer, alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, macrobead®, rejuvenasiAbstractVitamin C and its derivatives are widely used in cosmetics as a skin lightening preparations. This research will be developed rejuvenation gel containing vitamin C derivative ascorbyl glucoside (AA2G) in macrobead® delivery system. Beside as a skin lightening, AA2G can also be used for exfoliation and skin rejuvenation. Percent entrapment set beforehand by comparison (AA2G : macrobead®) 1:2, 2:2 and 3:2, the base used is acrylates copolymer (5%, 10%, 15%) and alkyl acrylate crosspolymer (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%). Rejuvenation gel formulation is made in various concentration of AA2G is 1%, 2% and 3% . Effectiveness test is carried out on 30 volunteers by using the back of the right hand. Diffusion test is performed for 360 minutes using a Franz diffusion cell. Determining percent entrapment results showed 1:2 ratio has the biggest trap that is 88.60%. Base alkyl acrylate crosspolymer selected as the most stable base with a concentration of 1%. The results showed that smeared hand gel formula selected (1:2) showed changes in the skin is skin brighter, firmer and smoother than the left hand as a control. The test results showed that the diffusion gel formulation of rejuvenation can traverse the membrane of 0.12% within 360 minutes.Key word : ascorbyl glucoside, acrylates copolymer, alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, macrobead®, rejuvenasi

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