scholarly journals ESTIMASI POPULASI KETAM KENARI (Birgus latro ) PULAU SIOMPU

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Jahidin Jahidin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Individual Male ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Individual Estimate ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Objective Study

Estimation of the Birgus latro population on the siompu island applied at the supralitora zona, that is the zona of A (north coastal supralitoral), the zona of B (east coastal supralitoral), the zona of C (south coastal supralitoral), and the zona of D (west coastal supralitoral). Objective study was presume of Birgus latro population and sex ratio on the Siompu Island. This research used capture recapture method. Analysis of the population estimation is use anticipation formula by Petersen while female and male ratio use descriptively analysis. Results of research showed that estimate value of population in each of the zona supralitoral area is unegual that is the zona of A is 7,5 or ± 8 individual, the zona of B is 10 individual, the zona of C is 14.4 or ± 14 individual, and the zona of D is 12 individual. Estimate value of the Birgus latro population size on the supralitoral zona of siompu island is 43.9 or ± 44 individual. Male and female ratio in each that; the zona of A is 4:3, the zona of B is 6:2 or 3:1, the zona of C is 9:3 or 3:1, and the zona of D is 8:1. Male and female ratio of Birgus latro at the supralitoral zona of Siompu Island is 27:9 or 3:1.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Sperma Terhadap Daya Tetas dan Bobot Tetas DOC Ayam KAMARAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moulizar Moulizar ◽  
Aman Yaman ◽  
Muhammad Daud
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Egg Fertility ◽  
Female Chicken ◽  
Local Chickens

Abstrak. Turunan hasil persilangan antara ayam lokal, ayam ras petelur dan ayam arab dihasilkan Ayam KAMARAS (Kampung - Arab – Ras).   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap fertilitas, daya tetas, bobot tetas DOC ayam KAMARAS dan Sex rasio. Konsentrasi sperma  ini berguna untuk mengetahui perbandingan jantan dan betina yang paling efisien dalam suatu pemeliharaan. Sperma ditampung dan dicampur dari 3 ekor ayam KAMARAS jantan yang berumur sekitar 7 bulan. Sperma yang telah diketahui konsentrasinya kemudian dibagi menjadi 4 bagian dan masing-masing diencerkan dengan NaCl fisiologis sehingga diperoleh konsentrasi akhir yaitu 25x106/0,5 ml (dosis 1); 50x106/0,5 ml (dosis 2); dan 75x106/0,5 ml (dosis 3) dan 100x106/0,5 ml (dosis 4). 24 ekor ayam KAMARAS betina diinseminasi untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap daya tetas dan bobot tetas ayam KAMARAS. Ayam betina yang digunakan adalah ayam KAMARAS yang berumur sekitar 7 bulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi sperma tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap fertilitas telur namun disetiap perlakuan terdapat hasil yang berbeda-beda pada perlakuan P0: 25x106/0,5 ml tingkat fertilitas (100 %), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (100%), P2: 75x106/0,5 ml dan pada perlakuan P3 terendah 83,33% diantara 4 perlakuan konsentrasi sperma yang terbaik untuk menghasilkan fertilitas  yang tinggi yaitu konsentrasi 50x106/0,5 ml. Pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap daya tetas tidak berpengaruh nyata namun disetiap perlakuan terdapat hasil yang berbeda-beda pada perlakuan P0: 25x106/0,5 ml tingkat fertilitas (100 %), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (100%), P2 75x106/0,5 ml (100%) dan pada perlakuan P3 terendah (83,33%) dari setiap perlakuan konsentrasi sperma yang dapat meningkatkan daya tetas telur adalah pada konsentrasi 50x106/0,5 ml dengan tingkat daya tetas (100%). Pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap bobot tetas DOC KAMARAS berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot tetas DOC pada setiap perlakuan P0 25x106/0,5 (31,1 g/butir), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (33 g/butir), P2: 75x106/0,5 ml (32,1 g/butir) dan pada perlakuan P3 100x106/0,5 ml bobot tetas DOC sebesar (33,3 g/butir),  pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap sex rasio didapat hasil pada perlakuan 50x106/0,5 ml-75x106/0,5 ml menghasilkan sex rasio DOC betina lebih dominan (66,6-75%).Effect of Sperm Concentration on Hatching Power and Hatching Weight of DAM Chicken KAMARASAbstract. Derivative results of crosses between local chickens, laying chicken and arab chicken produced Chicken KAMARAS (Kampung - Arab - Ras). This study aims to determine the effect of sperm concentration on fertility, hatchability, weight of DOC chicken KAMARAS and Sex ratio. This sperm concentration is useful for knowing the most efficient male and female ratio in a maintenance. Sperm was collected and mixed from 3 chickens KAMARAS male about 7 months old. The known sperm concentration is then divided into 4 parts and each diluted with physiological NaCl to obtain the final concentration of 25x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 1); 50x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 2); and 75x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 3) and 100x106 / 0,5 ml (dose 4). 24 chickens KAMARAS females inseminated to determine the effect of sperm concentration on hatchability and weight of hens chicken KAMARAS. The female chicken used is KAMARAS chicken which is about 7 months old.The results showed that sperm concentration treatment did not have significant effect on egg fertility but in each treatment there were different results on treatment of P0: 25x106 / 0,5 ml fertility rate (100%), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (100% ), P2: 75x106 / 0.5 ml and at the lowest P3 treatment 83.33% among the 4 best sperm concentration treatment to produce high fertility ie concentration 50x106 / 0,5 ml. The effect of sperm concentration on hatchability was not significant but in each treatment there were different results on treatment of P0: 25x106 / 0,5 ml fertility rate (100%), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (100%), P2 75x106 / 0.5 ml (100%) and at the lowest P3 treatment (83.33%) of each treatment of sperm concentration which can increase the hatchability of eggs at concentration 50x106 / 0,5 ml with hatchability level (100%). The influence of sperm concentration on DOC KAMARAS hatching weight significantly influenced the weight of DOC in each treatment P0 25x106 / 0,5 (31,1 g / grain), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (33 g / grain), P2: 75x106 / 0,5 ml (32,1 g / grain) and at treatment of P3 100x106/ 0,5 ml of DOC hight weight (33,3 g / grain), influence of sperm concentration to sex ratio obtained result at treatment 50x106 / 0, 5 ml-75x106 / 0.5 ml result in sex ratio of female DOC is more dominant (66,6-75%).

The use of faecal egg counts for estimating worm burdens in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Coadwell ◽  
P. F. V. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Individual Worm ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts ◽  
Number Of Individuals

SUMMARYClun forest sheep, worm-free from birth, were given a single dose of 20000 infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus. The total number of eggs/day in the faeces was recorded for 21 infections and data on population size, sex ratio and individual worm development were collected from 76 sheep. The female to male ratio was 1·28±0·07 (s.E.). The relation between increase in worm size and uterine egg content was linear. The number of eggs present in the uteri was found to be an accurate measure of eggs passed. It was shown that the daily faecal egg output is related to total parasite weight and is not a measure of the number of individuals present.

scholarly journals Sex determination in crayfish: are intersex Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda, Parastacidae) genetically females?

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. PARNES ◽  
I. KHALAILA ◽  
G. HULATA ◽  
A. SAGI
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cherax Quadricarinatus ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Red Claw Crayfish ◽  
Female Genital

In the Australian red-claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) (Decapoda, Parastacidae), a gonochoristic species, seven different combinations of intersex individuals (with both male and female genital openings) have been described. However, to date, the genetic basis for this phenomenon has not been investigated. This study was designed to test a simple chromosome-based sex-determination model for C. quadricarinatus that assumes the male to be the homogametic (ZZ) sex. According to our model, intersex individuals that are functionally males are genetically females (WZ). Individual crosses were performed between intersex and female crayfish, with control crosses being performed between normal males and females. The control crosses yielded, in most cases, the expected 1[ratio ]1 sex ratio in the F1 progeny. Crosses between intersex individuals and females yielded a 1[ratio ]3 (male[ratio ]female) sex ratio in most crosses. According to our hypothesis, one-third of the females produced in a cross of a female with an intersex animal should be WW females. The hypothesis was tested by crossing normal males with F1 females, which were progeny of intersex fathers. These crosses yielded almost 100% females, a finding that conforms to the above-suggested sex determination model for C. quadricarinatus and the female WZ genotype of intersex individuals.

scholarly journals Optimization of reproduction of ricefish endemic to Southeast Sulawesi Oryzias woworae Parenti & Hadiaty, 2010 through different sex ratios in spawning

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-251
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ayip Firmansyah ◽  
Mustahal Mustahal ◽  
Mas Bayu Syamsunarno ◽  
Muh Herjayanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Status Information ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Endangered Status ◽  
Male To Female

Oryzias woworae has a beautiful color and has been traded as ornamental fish. This species is an endemic ricefish from Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi, and is threatened with endangered status. Information on the optimal spawning sex ratio in O. woworae is unknown. This study aimed was to examine the optimization of reproduction based on the sex ratio of male: female broodstock O. woworae involved in spawning. The sex ratio of male: female spawning broodstock used were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The male and female brooders used had a total length of 3,1 ± 0,5 cm and 2,5 ± 0,5 cm. After adaptation, the broodstock of O. woworae was put into aquariums according to the treatment, and each container contained three spawning substrates. The harvesting of eggs on the substrate is carried out two times a day. The results showed that spawning O. woworae with a ratio of 1♂: 4♀ produced the lowest number of eggs and was significantly different with ratios of 1♂: 1♀ and 1♂: 2♀ (P<0,05). The ratio of 1♂ : 3♀ gave the highest egg hatching of 55% but was not significantly different from other treatments (P>0,05). The difference in male and female ratios did not affect the survival rate of O. woworae larvae (P>0,05), with values from 91,9-100%. The highest larvae produced was found in the spawning ratio of 1♂ : 3♀ with 37 larvae but not significantly different from other treatments (P>0,05). The water quality values during the study were temperature 26,5-310C, pH 5,5-8,8, and dissolved oxygen 5,3-6,0 mg L-1. O. woworae broodstock spawning can be optimized with a male to female ratio of 1:3.

scholarly journals The Potential Sex Determination Genes, Sox9a and Cyp19a, in Walleye Pollock (Gadus Chalcogrammus) Are Influenced by Water Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
So-Sun Kim ◽  
David Nahm-Joon Kim ◽  
Chang-Ju Lee ◽  
Hae-Kyun Yoo ◽  
Soon-Gyu Byun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Walleye Pollock ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

Our aim was to study the relationship between the sex-determining genes, sox9a and cyp19a, and water temperature in Gadus chalcogrammus. We assessed the sex ratio based on the expression levels of sox9a and cyp19a at different water temperatures (5, 8, 11, and 14 °C) and at different stages of walleye pollock development (embryos, larvae, and juveniles). Next, we used immature walleye pollock to assess sox9a expression in males and cyp19a and vitellogenin (VTG) expression in females at different water temperatures. Males expressed sox9a in the gonadal tissues, while females expressed cyp19a in the gonadal tissues and VTG in the blood plasma. In the first experiment, cyp19a expression was higher at 5 °C and 8 °C, and sox9a expression was higher at 11 and 14 °C. In the second experiment, sox9a expression remained relatively stable, but cyp19a expression decreased with increasing temperature, decreasing significantly after 14 °C. Similar patterns were also observed for VTG expression. These results indicate that lower water temperatures increase cyp19a expression, which increases the female ratio. Higher water temperatures increase sox9a expression, which increases the male ratio. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of the sex-determining genes and the influence of water temperature.

Interurban Flows of Population and Occupational Skills to Three Cities in Nigeria

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Individual Male ◽  
Sample Survey Data ◽  
The Individual

This article examines interurban flows of population and occupational skills to three cities in Nigeria. The analyses are based on sample survey data collected in the cities of Benin, Ibadan, and Kano in 1973 and 1974. The cities vary in population size and are located in three different urban growth regions in the country. The migration histories included in the questionnaires are the focal point of the article. Up to 11 moves were recorded for each respondent. With each move, information was obtained on the demographic and socioeconomic status of the individual. Male and female respondents age 15 years and over were interviewed. The findings indicate that most migrants were repeat movers who represent numerous spatial experiences. Of the migration streams, interurban movements were dominant. Male migrants brought a diverse mixture of occupational skills to the survey cities, influenced by their spatial experiences. While women had similar spatial characteristics to men, most came as housewives and/or with traditional-type trades.

Estimating the population size of people who inject drugs in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A two-survey capture-recapture exercise (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Abdul-Quader
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Population Size Estimates ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
The City ◽  
Size Estimates

BACKGROUND Population size estimation of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam relied on the UNAIDS Estimation and Projection Package and reports from the city police department. The two estimates vary widely. OBJECTIVE To estimate the population size of people who inject drugs in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam METHODS Using Respondent-driven sampling (RDS), we implemented two-source capture-recapture method to estimate the population size of PWID in HCMC in 2017 in 7 out of 24 districts. The study included men or women aged at least 18 years who reported injecting illicit drugs in the last 90 days and who had lived in the city the past six months. We calculated two sets of size estimates, the first assumed that all participants in each survey round resided in the district where the survey was conducted, the second, used the district of residence as reported by the participant. District estimates were summed to obtain an aggregate estimate for the seven districts. To calculate the city total, we weighted the population size estimates for each district by the inverse of the stratum specific sampling probabilities. RESULTS The first estimate resulted in a population size of 19,155 (95% CI: 17,006–25,039). The second one generated a smaller population size estimate of 12,867 (95% CI: 11,312–17,393). CONCLUSIONS The two-survey capture-recapture exercise provided two disparate estimates of PWID in HCMC. For planning HIV prevention and care service needs among PWID in HCMC, both estimates may need to be taken into consideration together with size estimates from other sources.

The DEVELOPMENT OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST POPULATION AFTER INTRODUCTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OIL PALM FRUIT SET IN SERAM ISLAND, MOLLUCAS, INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main pollinating agent in oil palm plantations in Indonesia today. The development of oil palm plantations in new areas requires introduction of these insects, moreover the new areas are located on different islands. First introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust had been done from North Sumatra to Seram Island on 23 September 2013. The introduction was performed on larva and pupa stadium in 4-5 days post anthesising of male inflorescences. The introduction of E. kamerunicus using plywood boxes has an average risk of death by 7.89% at 6 days delivery period. Observation before releasing of the weevils showed that this insect was not detected in both of oil palm male and female flowers and the oil palm fruit set was very low approximately 11.27%. For about 500 weevils/ha were released in Marnuhu estate and could be developed into 362,401 weevils/ha in 5 months with 97.86% of oil palm sex ratio. The oil palm fruit sets were increased after 1 and 2 months introduction, 53.70% and 75.56 %, respectively. The lower sex ratio of oil palm or the more availability of male inflorescences make growth of E. kamerunicus population became faster and the greater number of weevils that visiting anthesising of female flowers make the higher value of oil palm fruit set.

The DEVELOPMENT OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST POPULATION AFTER INTRODUCTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OIL PALM FRUIT SET IN SERAM ISLAND, MOLLUCAS, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main pollinating agent in oil palm plantations in Indonesia today. The development of oil palm plantations in new areas requires introduction of these insects, moreover the new areas are located on different islands. First introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust had been done from North Sumatra to Seram Island on 23 September 2013. The introduction was performed on larva and pupa stadium in 4-5 days post anthesising of male inflorescences. The introduction of E. kamerunicus using plywood boxes has an average risk of death by 7.89% at 6 days delivery period. Observation before releasing of the weevils showed that this insect was not detected in both of oil palm male and female flowers and the oil palm fruit set was very low approximately 11.27%. For about 500 weevils/ha were released in Marnuhu estate and could be developed into 362,401 weevils/ha in 5 months with 97.86% of oil palm sex ratio. The oil palm fruit sets were increased after 1 and 2 months introduction, 53.70% and 75.56 %, respectively. The lower sex ratio of oil palm or the more availability of male inflorescences make growth of E. kamerunicus population became faster and the greater number of weevils that visiting anthesising of female flowers make the higher value of oil palm fruit set.

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