Pengaruh Konsentrasi Sperma Terhadap Daya Tetas dan Bobot Tetas DOC Ayam KAMARAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moulizar Moulizar ◽  
Aman Yaman ◽  
Muhammad Daud
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Egg Fertility ◽  
Female Chicken ◽  
Local Chickens

Abstrak. Turunan hasil persilangan antara ayam lokal, ayam ras petelur dan ayam arab dihasilkan Ayam KAMARAS (Kampung - Arab – Ras).   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap fertilitas, daya tetas, bobot tetas DOC ayam KAMARAS dan Sex rasio. Konsentrasi sperma  ini berguna untuk mengetahui perbandingan jantan dan betina yang paling efisien dalam suatu pemeliharaan. Sperma ditampung dan dicampur dari 3 ekor ayam KAMARAS jantan yang berumur sekitar 7 bulan. Sperma yang telah diketahui konsentrasinya kemudian dibagi menjadi 4 bagian dan masing-masing diencerkan dengan NaCl fisiologis sehingga diperoleh konsentrasi akhir yaitu 25x106/0,5 ml (dosis 1); 50x106/0,5 ml (dosis 2); dan 75x106/0,5 ml (dosis 3) dan 100x106/0,5 ml (dosis 4). 24 ekor ayam KAMARAS betina diinseminasi untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap daya tetas dan bobot tetas ayam KAMARAS. Ayam betina yang digunakan adalah ayam KAMARAS yang berumur sekitar 7 bulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi sperma tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap fertilitas telur namun disetiap perlakuan terdapat hasil yang berbeda-beda pada perlakuan P0: 25x106/0,5 ml tingkat fertilitas (100 %), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (100%), P2: 75x106/0,5 ml dan pada perlakuan P3 terendah 83,33% diantara 4 perlakuan konsentrasi sperma yang terbaik untuk menghasilkan fertilitas  yang tinggi yaitu konsentrasi 50x106/0,5 ml. Pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap daya tetas tidak berpengaruh nyata namun disetiap perlakuan terdapat hasil yang berbeda-beda pada perlakuan P0: 25x106/0,5 ml tingkat fertilitas (100 %), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (100%), P2 75x106/0,5 ml (100%) dan pada perlakuan P3 terendah (83,33%) dari setiap perlakuan konsentrasi sperma yang dapat meningkatkan daya tetas telur adalah pada konsentrasi 50x106/0,5 ml dengan tingkat daya tetas (100%). Pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap bobot tetas DOC KAMARAS berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot tetas DOC pada setiap perlakuan P0 25x106/0,5 (31,1 g/butir), P1: 50x106/0,5 ml (33 g/butir), P2: 75x106/0,5 ml (32,1 g/butir) dan pada perlakuan P3 100x106/0,5 ml bobot tetas DOC sebesar (33,3 g/butir),  pengaruh konsentrasi sperma terhadap sex rasio didapat hasil pada perlakuan 50x106/0,5 ml-75x106/0,5 ml menghasilkan sex rasio DOC betina lebih dominan (66,6-75%).Effect of Sperm Concentration on Hatching Power and Hatching Weight of DAM Chicken KAMARASAbstract. Derivative results of crosses between local chickens, laying chicken and arab chicken produced Chicken KAMARAS (Kampung - Arab - Ras). This study aims to determine the effect of sperm concentration on fertility, hatchability, weight of DOC chicken KAMARAS and Sex ratio. This sperm concentration is useful for knowing the most efficient male and female ratio in a maintenance. Sperm was collected and mixed from 3 chickens KAMARAS male about 7 months old. The known sperm concentration is then divided into 4 parts and each diluted with physiological NaCl to obtain the final concentration of 25x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 1); 50x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 2); and 75x106 / 0.5 ml (dose 3) and 100x106 / 0,5 ml (dose 4). 24 chickens KAMARAS females inseminated to determine the effect of sperm concentration on hatchability and weight of hens chicken KAMARAS. The female chicken used is KAMARAS chicken which is about 7 months old.The results showed that sperm concentration treatment did not have significant effect on egg fertility but in each treatment there were different results on treatment of P0: 25x106 / 0,5 ml fertility rate (100%), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (100% ), P2: 75x106 / 0.5 ml and at the lowest P3 treatment 83.33% among the 4 best sperm concentration treatment to produce high fertility ie concentration 50x106 / 0,5 ml. The effect of sperm concentration on hatchability was not significant but in each treatment there were different results on treatment of P0: 25x106 / 0,5 ml fertility rate (100%), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (100%), P2 75x106 / 0.5 ml (100%) and at the lowest P3 treatment (83.33%) of each treatment of sperm concentration which can increase the hatchability of eggs at concentration 50x106 / 0,5 ml with hatchability level (100%). The influence of sperm concentration on DOC KAMARAS hatching weight significantly influenced the weight of DOC in each treatment P0 25x106 / 0,5 (31,1 g / grain), P1: 50x106 / 0,5 ml (33 g / grain), P2: 75x106 / 0,5 ml (32,1 g / grain) and at treatment of P3 100x106/ 0,5 ml of DOC hight weight (33,3 g / grain), influence of sperm concentration to sex ratio obtained result at treatment 50x106 / 0, 5 ml-75x106 / 0.5 ml result in sex ratio of female DOC is more dominant (66,6-75%).

scholarly journals Optimization of reproduction of ricefish endemic to Southeast Sulawesi Oryzias woworae Parenti & Hadiaty, 2010 through different sex ratios in spawning

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-251
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ayip Firmansyah ◽  
Mustahal Mustahal ◽  
Mas Bayu Syamsunarno ◽  
Muh Herjayanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Status Information ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Endangered Status ◽  
Male To Female

Oryzias woworae has a beautiful color and has been traded as ornamental fish. This species is an endemic ricefish from Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi, and is threatened with endangered status. Information on the optimal spawning sex ratio in O. woworae is unknown. This study aimed was to examine the optimization of reproduction based on the sex ratio of male: female broodstock O. woworae involved in spawning. The sex ratio of male: female spawning broodstock used were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The male and female brooders used had a total length of 3,1 ± 0,5 cm and 2,5 ± 0,5 cm. After adaptation, the broodstock of O. woworae was put into aquariums according to the treatment, and each container contained three spawning substrates. The harvesting of eggs on the substrate is carried out two times a day. The results showed that spawning O. woworae with a ratio of 1♂: 4♀ produced the lowest number of eggs and was significantly different with ratios of 1♂: 1♀ and 1♂: 2♀ (P<0,05). The ratio of 1♂ : 3♀ gave the highest egg hatching of 55% but was not significantly different from other treatments (P>0,05). The difference in male and female ratios did not affect the survival rate of O. woworae larvae (P>0,05), with values from 91,9-100%. The highest larvae produced was found in the spawning ratio of 1♂ : 3♀ with 37 larvae but not significantly different from other treatments (P>0,05). The water quality values during the study were temperature 26,5-310C, pH 5,5-8,8, and dissolved oxygen 5,3-6,0 mg L-1. O. woworae broodstock spawning can be optimized with a male to female ratio of 1:3.

scholarly journals ESTIMASI POPULASI KETAM KENARI (Birgus latro ) PULAU SIOMPU

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Jahidin Jahidin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Individual Male ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Individual Estimate ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Objective Study

Estimation of the Birgus latro population on the siompu island applied at the supralitora zona, that is the zona of A (north coastal supralitoral), the zona of B (east coastal supralitoral), the zona of C (south coastal supralitoral), and the zona of D (west coastal supralitoral). Objective study was presume of Birgus latro population and sex ratio on the Siompu Island. This research used capture recapture method. Analysis of the population estimation is use anticipation formula by Petersen while female and male ratio use descriptively analysis. Results of research showed that estimate value of population in each of the zona supralitoral area is unegual that is the zona of A is 7,5 or ± 8 individual, the zona of B is 10 individual, the zona of C is 14.4 or ± 14 individual, and the zona of D is 12 individual. Estimate value of the Birgus latro population size on the supralitoral zona of siompu island is 43.9 or ± 44 individual. Male and female ratio in each that; the zona of A is 4:3, the zona of B is 6:2 or 3:1, the zona of C is 9:3 or 3:1, and the zona of D is 8:1. Male and female ratio of Birgus latro at the supralitoral zona of Siompu Island is 27:9 or 3:1.

Changes in demand for children between 2003 and 2013 in Nigeria: Evidence from survey data

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Stella Babalola ◽  
Joshua O. Akinyemi ◽  
Clifford O. Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Desire ◽  
The North ◽  
Demand For Children

Abstract Nigeria has one of the highest fertility rates in Africa. Data from 2013 Demographic and Health Surveys indicate a virtual stagnation of fertility rate since 2003. Low contraceptive use and pronatalist attitudes are among the factors contributing to the high fertility rate in Nigeria. In this manuscript, we pooled data from three most recent waves of Demographic and Health Surveys to examine trends in demand for children over time and identify the factors associated with change in demand for children. The data show that demand for children has declined since 2003 although not monotonically so. Variables that were positively associated with increased likelihood of desiring no additional children were residence in the South-West (as opposed to residence in the North-Central), exposure to family planning (FP) messages on the mass media, number of children ever born, educational level, and urban residence. In contrast, uncertainty about fertility desire was more widespread in 2008 compared to 2013 although less widespread in 2003 than in 2013. The likelihood of being undecided about fertility desire was positively associated with discrepancies in family size desires between husband and wife, parity and Islamic religious affiliation. Programs should aim to increase access to effective contraceptive methods and promote demand for contraceptives as a way of fostering a sustainable reduction in demand for children. Furthermore, strategies that address uncertainty by fostering women’s understanding of the social and health implications of large family sizes are relevant.

The DEVELOPMENT OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST POPULATION AFTER INTRODUCTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OIL PALM FRUIT SET IN SERAM ISLAND, MOLLUCAS, INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main pollinating agent in oil palm plantations in Indonesia today. The development of oil palm plantations in new areas requires introduction of these insects, moreover the new areas are located on different islands. First introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust had been done from North Sumatra to Seram Island on 23 September 2013. The introduction was performed on larva and pupa stadium in 4-5 days post anthesising of male inflorescences. The introduction of E. kamerunicus using plywood boxes has an average risk of death by 7.89% at 6 days delivery period. Observation before releasing of the weevils showed that this insect was not detected in both of oil palm male and female flowers and the oil palm fruit set was very low approximately 11.27%. For about 500 weevils/ha were released in Marnuhu estate and could be developed into 362,401 weevils/ha in 5 months with 97.86% of oil palm sex ratio. The oil palm fruit sets were increased after 1 and 2 months introduction, 53.70% and 75.56 %, respectively. The lower sex ratio of oil palm or the more availability of male inflorescences make growth of E. kamerunicus population became faster and the greater number of weevils that visiting anthesising of female flowers make the higher value of oil palm fruit set.

The DEVELOPMENT OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST POPULATION AFTER INTRODUCTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OIL PALM FRUIT SET IN SERAM ISLAND, MOLLUCAS, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main pollinating agent in oil palm plantations in Indonesia today. The development of oil palm plantations in new areas requires introduction of these insects, moreover the new areas are located on different islands. First introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust had been done from North Sumatra to Seram Island on 23 September 2013. The introduction was performed on larva and pupa stadium in 4-5 days post anthesising of male inflorescences. The introduction of E. kamerunicus using plywood boxes has an average risk of death by 7.89% at 6 days delivery period. Observation before releasing of the weevils showed that this insect was not detected in both of oil palm male and female flowers and the oil palm fruit set was very low approximately 11.27%. For about 500 weevils/ha were released in Marnuhu estate and could be developed into 362,401 weevils/ha in 5 months with 97.86% of oil palm sex ratio. The oil palm fruit sets were increased after 1 and 2 months introduction, 53.70% and 75.56 %, respectively. The lower sex ratio of oil palm or the more availability of male inflorescences make growth of E. kamerunicus population became faster and the greater number of weevils that visiting anthesising of female flowers make the higher value of oil palm fruit set.

Sperm Competition and the Dynamics of X Chromosome Drive: Stability and Extinction

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 1721-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse E Taylor ◽  
John Jaenike
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Basin Of Attraction ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mating Rate ◽  
Female Mating ◽  
Balanced Polymorphism

AbstractSeveral empirical studies of sperm competition in populations polymorphic for a driving X chromosome have revealed that Sex-ratio males (those carrying a driving X) are at a disadvantage relative to Standard males. Because the frequency of the driving X chromosome determines the population-level sex ratio and thus alters male and female mating rates, the evolutionary consequences of sperm competition for sex chromosome meiotic drive are subtle. As the SR allele increases in frequency, the ratio of females to males also increases, causing an increase in the male mating rate and a decrease in the female mating rate. While the former change may exacerbate the disadvantage of Sex-ratio males during sperm competition, the latter change decreases the incidence of sperm competition within the population. We analyze a model of the effects of sperm competition on a driving X chromosome and show that these opposing trends in male and female mating rates can result in two coexisting locally stable equilibria, one corresponding to a balanced polymorphism of the SR and ST alleles and the second to fixation of the ST allele. Stochastic fluctuations of either the population sex ratio or the SR frequency can then drive the population away from the balanced polymorphism and into the basin of attraction for the second equilibrium, resulting in fixation of the SR allele and extinction of the population.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI UKURAN, PERBANDINGAN JENIS KELAMIN, DAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN GONAD IKAN TODAK BERPARUH PENDEK (Tetrapturus angustirostris) DI SAMUDERAHINDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Dian Novianto ◽  
Budi Nugraha ◽  
Andi Bahtiar
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Tuna Longline

Ikan todak berparuh pendek atau ikan tumbuk atau shortbill spearfish (Tetrapturus angustirostris) merupakan salah satu hasil tangkapan sampingan rawai tuna. Informasi mengenai ikan todak berparuh pendek seperti komposisi ukuran, perbandingan kelamin, dan tingkat kematangan gonadsangat terbatas. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan data dan informasi mengenai aspek biologi ikan todak berparuh pendek yang merupakan hasil tangkapan sampingan dari rawai tuna yang beroperasi di Samudera Hindia. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September sampai Desember 2008 di perairan Samudera Hindia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ikan todak berparuh pendek memiliki kisaran panjang tubuh 135-175 cmLJFL dan modus pada kisaran 155-165 cmLJFL.Perbandingan jenis kelamin ikan jantan dan betina 1:13,5, berdasarkan atas hasil uji chi-square menunjukan bahwa rasio ikan jantan dan betina pada periode penelitian ini tidak seimbang. Pada bulan September ikan todak berparuh pendek betina didominansi oleh tingkat kematangan gonad IIsebesar 66,7%, bulan Oktober oleh tingkat kematangan gonad V sebesar 46,2%, bulan Nopember oleh tingkat kematangan gonad II sebesar 53,3%, sedangkan pada bulan Desember oleh tingkat kematangan gonad III sebesar 42,9%. Pada bulan Nopember sampai Desember terlihat bahwa tingkat kematangan gonad V mulai berkurang, hal ini menunjukan bahwa pada bulan Nopember sampai Desember diduga banyak ikan todak berparuh pendek betina yang sudah memijah. Shortbill Spearfish (Tetrapturus angustirostris) is one of bycatch of tuna longline. Information about shortbill spearfish on the size composition, sex ratio, and maturity stage is still very limited. The objective this paper is to present the data and information about shortbill spearfish which is a bycatch of tuna longline that operated in the Indian Ocean. Research was conducted during September until December 2008 in Indian Ocean. The results showed that the shortbill spearfish have body length about 135-175 cmLJFL and modes in 155-165 cmLJFL. Sex ratio of the male and female was 1:13.5. Based on chi-square test showed that the ratio of male and female in the period of the study was not balanced. In September, the female stage maturity was dominated by level II of 66.7%, October by level V of 46.2%, November by level II of 53.3%, and December by level III of 42.9%. During November until December showed that the maturity stage of level V was decreased, this shows that in this time the female of shortbill spearfish was spawned.

scholarly journals Hubungan panjang bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan wader bintik dua Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) di Sungai Barambai Samarinda Kalimantan

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Jusmaldi ◽  
Nova Hariani
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Total Length ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Fish Samples

Biology of the spotted barb Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) in Barambai River, east Kalimantan is unknown. This study aimed to analyses sizes of fish, sex ratio, length-weight relationship and condition factor of the spotted barb. A total of 347 fish samples were collected by several gears in Barambai River from August to October 2017. The results of this research showed that the total length of the fish ranged from 45.67 to 146.01 mm and weight ranged from 1.27-43.34 g. The sex ratio of male and female were 1:1.12. The length-weight equations for males was W = 1x10-5 L3.063, W = 8x10-6L3.108 for females, and W = 9 x 10-6 L3.091 for both sexes. The condition factor (K) for the spotted barb was ranged between 0.826 – 2.214 with mean value of 1.163.  AbstrakBiologi ikan wader bintik dua Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) di Sungai Barambai, Kalimantan Timur belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ukuran ikan, nisbah kelamin, hubungan panjang bobot, dan faktor kon-disi. Total 347 sampel ikan dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan berbagai alat tangkap di Sungai Barambai dari bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang total ikan berkisar dari 45,67 sampai 146,01 mm dan bobot tubuh berkisar 1,27- 43,34 gram. Nisbah kelamin jantan dan betina 1: 1,12. Model hubungan panjang bobot ikan jantan W = 1x10-5 L3,063, ikan betina W = 8x10-6L3,108,dan keseluruhan jenis ikan W =  9 x 10-6  L3,091. Faktor kondisi (K) ikanwader bintik dua berkisar antara 0,826 - 2,214 dan rata-rata 1,163. 

scholarly journals Length-Weight Relationship and Sex Ratio of Amblypharyngodon Mola in Dekar Haor of Sunamganj, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
PR Das ◽  
MS Uddin ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
M Biswas ◽  
MR Mia
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Average Ratio ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
R Value ◽  
Relationship Of

The study was carried out to determine length-weight relationship and sex ratio of a freshwater fish Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton 1822) collected from Dekar haor of Sunamganj district during the period of January to August 2017. A total of 2000 fishes were collected for the study and categorized these fishes into three groups namely males, females and combined sexes. Among 2000 mola 777 were male and 1223 were female. Length-weight equations and the correlation coefficients obtained for males, females and combined ones were: males Y = –1.97 + 3.00X, r = 0.883; females Y = –2.30 + 3.41X, r = 0.914 and combined Y = –2.11 + 3.16X, r = 0.904. Female’s A. mola attained more weight with the increases in length. Value of correlation coefficient ‘r’ was 0.883 for male and exhibited highly positive correlation between length and weight. On the contrary, ‘r’ value for female was 0.914 and it had also strongly positive correlation between length and weight relationships. Length-weight relationship of A. mola for male, female and combined sexes showed allometric pattern of growth. Condition factor ‘K’ for male, female and combined sexes was 1.09, 1.05 and 1.06, respectively and indicated better condition of fishes. The highest sex ratio (1 : 2.05) was found in May and the lowest (1 : 1.33) was in February. Dominance of females over males throughout the year was observed with an average ratio of male and female 1 : 1.57. Therefore, results of the study indicate that the existing hydrobiological conditions of the haor are conducive for food availability, free movement, feeding and better growth of the fish. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 185-193, December 2018

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