Leadership as a skill

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Abson
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Scholarly Research ◽  
Research Leadership ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theories Of Leadership

In both the event industry, and in scholarly research, leadership is often considered as a skill. This school of thought is closely related to the trait theories of leadership, as conceptually, it is hard to differentiate between the personality traits leaders possess and the skills that they demonstrate. What is the difference between the terms? Well, it is widely accepted that traits are innate, but skills can be learnt (Athey & Orth, 1999). So, skills differ from traits because they are considered to be something that can be developed – a practised ability. A skill is the ability to do a job well, particularly if you have practiced it. This school of thought therefore suggests that you might not be a ‘natural leader’, but you can develop the necessary set of skills that will allow you to become a good one. As such, you can develop the capabilities required to lead (Mumford et al., 2000b).

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Unique Subgroups of Chronic Pain Individuals with Dispositional Personality Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehta ◽  
D. Rice ◽  
A. McIntyre ◽  
H. Getty ◽  
M. Speechley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Coping

Objective.The current study attempted to identify and characterize distinct CP subgroups based on their level of dispositional personality traits. The secondary objective was to compare the difference among the subgroups in mood, coping, and disability.Methods.Individuals with chronic pain were assessed for demographic, psychosocial, and personality measures. A two-step cluster analysis was conducted in order to identify distinct subgroups of patients based on their level of personality traits. Differences in clinical outcomes were compared using the multivariate analysis of variance based on cluster membership.Results.In 229 participants, three clusters were formed. No significant difference was seen among the clusters on patient demographic factors including age, sex, relationship status, duration of pain, and pain intensity. Those with high levels of dispositional personality traits had greater levels of mood impairment compared to the other two groups (p<0.05). Significant difference in disability was seen between the subgroups.Conclusions.The study identified a high risk group of CP individuals whose level of personality traits significantly correlated with impaired mood and coping. Use of pharmacological treatment alone may not be successful in improving clinical outcomes among these individuals. Instead, a more comprehensive treatment involving psychological treatments may be important in managing the personality traits that interfere with recovery.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of expression indicators and accentuated personality traits in men with psoriasis without taking into account somatotype and in representatives of meso- and endo-mesomorphic somatotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-544
Author(s):  
Obadeh Bassam Abdel-Rahman Al-Qaraleh ◽  
V. I. Stepanenko ◽  
T. G. Kryvonis ◽  
V. S. Shkolnikov ◽  
S. V. Prokopenko
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Medical University

Annotation. Exacerbation and aggravation of psoriasis increases the chances of neurosis, depression, can significantly impair mental health through social stigma and leads to social isolation and maladaptation, a significant reduction in quality of life. Studying this problem from the standpoint of comparative assessment of the distribution of character accentuations in patients with different dermatoses can provide insight into how a certain level of adequacy of psychological adaptive response is associated with organic pathological process or genetically existing expression of certain traits. The aim of the study was to found the features of indicators of expression and features of accentuated personality traits in men with psoriasis without taking into account somatotype and in representatives of meso- and endo-mesomorphic somatotypes. Men aged 22 to 35 years, patients with psoriasis (n=100, including 32 with mild and 68 with severe course) at the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases with a course of postgraduate education National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya and Military Medical Clinical Center of the Central Region, conducted an anthropometric survey by V. V. Bunak Estimation of the expression and features of accentuated personality traits made according to G. Shmishek The reliability of the difference between the values between the independent quantitative values was determined using the U-Mann-Whitney test. In healthy subjects, taking into account and without taking into account the somatotype, it is seen that the type of physique did not significantly affect the severity of individual traits and their combinations in this group of people. With the increase in the course of psoriasis among subjects without somatotype, there is a decrease in the percentage of persons with hyperthymic and demonstrative and an increase – with emotional, pedantic, anxious, cyclothymic, excitable, dysthymic and exalted type of character accentuation; among patients of mesomorphic somatotype there is a decrease in the percentage of people with stuck and demonstrative and an increase – with emotional, pedantic, anxious, cyclothymic, excitable, dysthymic and exalted type of character accentuation; among patients of endo-mesomorphic somatotype there is a decrease in the percentage of people with hypertension and an increase – with stuck, demonstrative and excitable type of character accentuation. All this maintains a pathologically high level of affective tension, which disrupts the autonomic balance in the body, can be a pathogenic factor in the development of psychosomatic illness and leads to ineffective treatment of psoriasis.

The Mark of Villainy

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Franziska Hartung
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Statistical Average ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
The Difference

Why is it often so easy to identify the villain in a movie just by the way they look? Visual narratives exploit a mechanism that generates aversion towards people who look different. Being “different” by definition is in relation to a statistical norm, whether the difference concerns body size, skin color, hair styles, gender, visible physical disabilities, or facial anomalies. We often associate unattractive faces or faces with anomalies with poor character or negative personality traits. The evidence that most people harbor (implicit) biases against others who visibly differ from the norm is overwhelming, while people who approximate a statistical average within a population are regarded as beautiful and morally good. While we do not yet understand the (neuro-)biological and cognitive bases of these stereotypes, some recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that people not only pay greater attention to faces with anomalies but also simultaneously inhibit social and emotional responses.

Impact of personality traits on information needs and seeking behavior of LIS students in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamshad Ahmed ◽  
Farhat Rehman ◽  
Arslan Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Library Professionals

Purpose This paper aims to identify the personality traits (agreeableness, openness to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness and neuroticism) of library and information science (LIS) students in Pakistan. The difference among the personality traits of LIS students toward their information needs and seeking behavior is also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach Two instruments, namely, BFI scale and a self-structured instrument were used to collect the data. Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to find out differences among the personality traits of LIS students toward their information needs and seeking behavior. Findings Findings of the study revealed that out of 320 respondents, 186 possessed openness to experience, while only 7 possessed extraversion personality trait. Moreover, the students having extraversion personality trait were, generally, more concerned toward information needs. On the other hand students having conscientious trait were increasingly more seekers of information. Overall, the conscientiousness was identified as the most suitable personality trait for LIS students. A significant difference was also observed among all the personality traits of LIS students. Practical implications The findings of this study will help in the identification of LIS individual’s personality. The library managers can use these personality traits for the selection of suitable library professionals for their libraries. Originality/value This study can be valuable for the induction of new library professionals and also help managers in assigning the duties based on these personality traits.

scholarly journals Heredity of Cognitive Functions and Personality in Twins

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Loreta Kalasūnienė ◽  
Antanas Goštautas ◽  
Algimantas Sinkus
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mz Twins

Background and Objective. The inheritance of cognitive functions and personality is still a problem under investigation. A classical method, investigation of twins, is often used to find relative contributions from genetics and the environment to quantitative traits. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible influence of heredity on cognitive functions (by applying the Raven test) and personality traits (according to the Eysenck’s theory) in twins. Material and Methods. In total, 139 pairs of same-sex twins were investigated. The zygosity of the twin pairs was confirmed through genotyping with 15 molecular DNA markers. Constructive thinking was assessed using the Raven test. Personality assessment was conducted using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) in Lithuanian. Results. The difference in the total number of incorrect solutions between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs younger than 15 years was not significant; however, in the group older than 15 years, this difference was found to be significant. Based on the total number of incorrect solutions, the concordance in the MZ twins was greater than in the DZ twins. The same tendency was found with cumulative EPQ scores on the extraversion scale. Conclusions. The results imply that the quality of cognitive functions and personality traits (extraversion) can be influenced by heredity. This confirms previous findings on the heritability of cognitive factors and personality traits.

scholarly journals Research on User Influence Model Integrating Personality Traits under Strong Connection

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2217
Author(s):  
Chunhua Ju ◽  
Qiuyang Gu ◽  
Yi Fang ◽  
Fuguang Bao
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Influence Model ◽  
Behavioral Dimension ◽  
User Influence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Influence Measurement ◽  
The Impact

User influence has always been a major topic in the field of social networking. At present, most of the research focuses on three aspects: topological structure, social-behavioral dimension, and topic dimension and most of them ignore the difference between the audience. These models do not consider the impact of personality differences on user influences. To meet this need, this paper introduces the personality traits factor and proposes a user influence model which integrates personality traits (IPUIM) under a strong connection. The user influence measurement is constructed through the information dimension, structural dimension, and user behavioral dimension. The personality report of the user group is obtained by means of NEO-PI-R (The big five personality inventory, Chinese edition) and machine learning method, and it is integrated into the user influence model. The experiment proves that the model proposed in this paper has good accuracy and applicability in measuring user influence, and can effectively identify the key opinion leaders of different personality trait clusters.

Sex and Personality Traits Influence the Difference between Time Taken to Tell the Truth or Lie

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom F. D. Farrow ◽  
Rebecca Reilly ◽  
Towhida A. Rahman ◽  
Amy E. Herford ◽  
Peter W. R. Woodruff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
The Difference

scholarly journals Perbandingan Personality Traits, Rasa Bersalah dan Rasa Malu Pengedar Narkoba: Nonresidivis Versus Residivis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Imaduddin Hamzah ◽  
Iman Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Drug Traffickers ◽  
Difference Test

Various researches on drug abuse crimes have focused more on drug users or addicts. Meanwhile, investigations into drug dealers and producers have received very little attention. The majority of drug convicts in prisons are drug traffickers, which has resulted in a significant increase in drug trafficking cases in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify differences in personality traits, guilt, and shame of non-recidivists and drug dealers. The research was conducted on one hundred and fifty-five prisoners at the Cibinong Penitentiary, West Java, Indonesia. The measurement uses a scale of the big five personality traits which has been adapted into Indonesian, and the Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale (GASP) was developed by Cohen, Wolf, Panter, and Insko. This study found that there were differences in personality traits in terms of agreeableness and neuroticism between non-recidivists and recidivists. The difference test concluded that guilt and shame did not show any differences between the two groups of prisoners. This conclusion can provide a basis for consideration of developing a program to develop drug trafficking convicts to prevent the re-offense of crimes after being released.Keywords : Personality traits, guilt, shame, non-recidivists, recidivists Abstrak. Berbagai penelitian kejahatan penyalahgunaan narkoba selama ini lebih memfokuskan pada pengguna atau pecandu narkoba. Sedangkan penyelidikan terhadap para pengedar dan produsen  narkoba masih sangat kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Mayoritas  narapidana kejahatan narkoba di lembaga pemasyarakatan adalah para pengedar narkoba yang mengakibatkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kasus peredaran obat terlarang di Indonesia. Studi ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perbedaan dalam sifat kepribadian, rasa bersalah, dan rasa malu nonresidivis dan residivis pengedar  narkoba.  Penelitian dilakukan pada seratus lima puluh lima narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Cibinong, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, Pengukuran menggunakan skala the big five personality traits yang telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dan Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale (GASP) dikembangkan oleh Cohen, Wolf, Panter dan Insko. Studi ini menemukan ada perbedaan personality traits dalam aspek pada agreeableness dan neuroticism non-residivis dengan residivis. Uji perbedaan  menyimpulkan rasa bersalah dan rasa malu tidak menunjukkan perbedaan antara kedua kelompok narapidana. Kesimpulan ini dapat memberikan dasar pertimbangan pembuatan program pembinaan narapidana pengedar narkoba untuk mencegah pengulangan kejahatan setelah bebas.

scholarly journals Personality Traits and Academic Motivation of Students with Behavior Concerns in a Catholic High School

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-110
Author(s):  
Rita G. Mariano, MSLT ◽  
Ma. Wilma M. Maravilla
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Difference

Personality Traits reflect people's characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The traits relevant to personality are considered to be steady throughout the work of life as suggested in the Five-Factor Model, which identifies any of the five traits a person may exhibit, namely Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (OCEAN). On the other hand, academic motivation is the student's desire, as reflected in his approach, persistence, and level of interest regarding academic subjects when his competence is judged against a standard of performance.  Students with behavior concerns are those who underwent disciplinary action due to misdemeanor. Their delinquency may be related to their personality traits, demographics, or lack of academic motivation.  Hence, the paper identified the dominant personality traits and assessed 40 male high school students' academic motivation with behavior concerns in a Catholic school in Antique during the School Year 2019-2020.  Likewise, it explores the difference in academic motivation level when grouped according to demographic variables, namely, family monthly income, family structure, and type of misdemeanor. Also, it determines the relationship between personality traits and academic motivation of students with behavior concerns.

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