scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Unique Subgroups of Chronic Pain Individuals with Dispositional Personality Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehta ◽  
D. Rice ◽  
A. McIntyre ◽  
H. Getty ◽  
M. Speechley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Coping

Objective.The current study attempted to identify and characterize distinct CP subgroups based on their level of dispositional personality traits. The secondary objective was to compare the difference among the subgroups in mood, coping, and disability.Methods.Individuals with chronic pain were assessed for demographic, psychosocial, and personality measures. A two-step cluster analysis was conducted in order to identify distinct subgroups of patients based on their level of personality traits. Differences in clinical outcomes were compared using the multivariate analysis of variance based on cluster membership.Results.In 229 participants, three clusters were formed. No significant difference was seen among the clusters on patient demographic factors including age, sex, relationship status, duration of pain, and pain intensity. Those with high levels of dispositional personality traits had greater levels of mood impairment compared to the other two groups (p<0.05). Significant difference in disability was seen between the subgroups.Conclusions.The study identified a high risk group of CP individuals whose level of personality traits significantly correlated with impaired mood and coping. Use of pharmacological treatment alone may not be successful in improving clinical outcomes among these individuals. Instead, a more comprehensive treatment involving psychological treatments may be important in managing the personality traits that interfere with recovery.

scholarly journals Mechanical Thrombectomy in Stroke. Experience from Switching from Stent Retriever Only to Stent Retriever Combined with Aspiration Catheter

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Meder ◽  
Paweł Żuchowski ◽  
Wojciech Skura ◽  
Violetta Palacz-Duda ◽  
Milena Świtońska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Stent Retriever ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
The Difference

Endovascular treatment is a rapidly evolving technique; therefore, there is a constant need to evaluate this method and its modifications. This paper discusses a single-center experience and the results of switching from the stent retriever only (SO) mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to the combined approach (CA), with a stent retriever and aspiration catheters. Methods: The study involved a retrospective analysis of 70 patients undergoing MT with the use of either SO or CA. The primary endpoint was the frequency of perfect reperfusion defined as grade 3 of the modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale (mTICI) after the first pass. The secondary endpoints were the procedure success, defined as mTICI grades 2b-3; time of the procedure; clinical outcome, measured by 90 days’ modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score; Δ NIHSS, defined as the difference between National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at patients’ admission and discharge; and the total number of device passes. Results: Out of the 70 patients included, 33 were treated with SO and 37 with CA. In both groups, a total number of 42 patients received intravenous recombined tissue plasminogen activator (iv-rTPA: 20 patients (60.6%) in the SO group and 22 patients (59.5%) in the CA group (p = 1.000). There was a significant difference between the groups regarding first-pass success rate, with 46% in the CA group and 18% in the SO group, (OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.28 to 11.44, p = 0.016). Complete procedure success tended to be more frequent in the CA group than in the SO group—94.6% vs. 84.8% (OR 3.13, 95% CI 0.56 to 17.34, p = 0.193)—and CA tended to require a lower number of passes than SO (mean 1.76 vs. 2.09 passes per procedure, p = 0.114), yet these differences did not reach statistical significance. Mean duration of the procedure was significantly shorter in the CA group than in the SO group (49 min vs. 64 min, p = 0.017). There was a significant difference in clinical outcomes, with higher Δ NIHSS (9.3 in the CA group vs. 6.7 in the SO group, p = 0.025) after the procedure and 90-day mRS (median 2 in the CA group vs. 4 in the SO group, p = 0.031). Conclusions: Combining stent retrievers with aspiration catheters may offer a beneficial effect on angiographic results and clinical outcomes in stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment.

scholarly journals Health literacy and health-promoting behaviors among adults at risk for diabetes in a remote Filipino community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sandor B. Ydirin
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Difference

Background: Diabetes risk assessment is an essential preboarding tool before implementing health literacy programs to change an adult’s health behavior positively. Research has shown an association between health literacy and health behaviors, but there is a dearth of literature that delineates the difference between the health literacy and health behaviors of adults according to their diabetes risks; high risk vs. low risk.Objective: This study aimed to determine the difference between the health literacy and health behaviors of adults and establish the relationship between the two variables when classified according to their diabetes risks.Methods: This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design with 400 adults in a remote Filipino community in November 2019. Data were gathered using the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) and Health Literacy Survey-Short Form 12 (HLS-SF12) questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson’s r were used to analyze the data.  Results: There is a significant difference between the health literacy index scores (p < .05); but no significant difference between the health behavior mean scores (p > .05) of adults when grouped according to their diabetes risks. Health literacy is significantly (p < .05) correlated with health behaviors of adults, with a moderate positive correlation in the high-risk group (r = .43), and both weak positive correlation in the low-risk group (r = .13) and entire group (r = .17).Conclusion: All adult inclusion efforts in promoting health literacy, with emphasis on the high-risk group, are needed to improve awareness of the degree of diabetes risks. Nurses should take an active role in the assessment of diabetes risks, evaluation of results, and implementation of interventions that could increase health literacy to facilitate the development of healthy behaviors. Stakeholders are urged to advance the availability of evidence-based lifestyle interventions to reduce the growth in new cases of diabetes.

scholarly journals Should syndesmotic screws be removed or retained? A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjin Qin ◽  
Peng Yang ◽  
Nanning Lv ◽  
Kaiwen Chen ◽  
Huilin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
American Orthopaedic

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the different clinical outcomes after removing or retaining syndesmotic screws, and the difference in clinical outcomes after retaining broken or loose syndesmotic screws was also evaluated. Methods A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. In this meta-analysis, we conducted online searches using the search terms “syndesmotic diastasis”, “syndesmotic injury”, “syndesmotic screw”, “syndesmotic fixation”, and “tibiofibular syndesmosis”. The analysis was performed on individual patient data from all the studies that met the selection criteria. Clinical outcomes were expressed as standard mean differences for continuous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Chi 2 test and the I 2 statistic. Results There were 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 6 observational articles included in this analysis. In the comparison between retained and removed screws and the comparison between broken or loose and removed screws, no significant difference was found in terms of visual analogue scale (VAS), Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle/hindfoot score. Broken or loose screws were associated with better AOFAS scores compared with removed or intact screws, and no significant difference was found in terms of VAS and OMAS scores. Conclusions According to our analysis, there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between removed and retained screws. Broken or loose screws were not associated with bad functional outcomes and may even lead to better function compared with removed or retained screws.

Stress, Burden and Coping between Caregivers of Cerebral Palsy and Autism Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpalatha. r ◽  
Shivakumara. K
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Group Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stress Burden ◽  
And Coping

The objective of the study was to find the difference in stress, burden and coping between caregivers with cerebral palsy and autism children. 30 caregivers having children with cerebral palsy and 30 caregivers having children with autism were part of the study. The age of the caregivers ranged between 23-40 years.  For the study caregivers of children aged between 7-12 years were considered. A between group research design with purposive sampling technique was opted for the study. After obtaining socio-demographic details the caregivers were administered Parenting Stress Index (Short Form), Schedule to Assess Burden and Coping Checklist.  The data was subjected to ‘t’ test to find the significant difference between the two sample groups. Results revealed that there was significant difference in stress, burden and coping between caregivers of cerebral palsy children and caregivers of autistic children.

Impact of personality traits on information needs and seeking behavior of LIS students in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamshad Ahmed ◽  
Farhat Rehman ◽  
Arslan Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Library Professionals

Purpose This paper aims to identify the personality traits (agreeableness, openness to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness and neuroticism) of library and information science (LIS) students in Pakistan. The difference among the personality traits of LIS students toward their information needs and seeking behavior is also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach Two instruments, namely, BFI scale and a self-structured instrument were used to collect the data. Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to find out differences among the personality traits of LIS students toward their information needs and seeking behavior. Findings Findings of the study revealed that out of 320 respondents, 186 possessed openness to experience, while only 7 possessed extraversion personality trait. Moreover, the students having extraversion personality trait were, generally, more concerned toward information needs. On the other hand students having conscientious trait were increasingly more seekers of information. Overall, the conscientiousness was identified as the most suitable personality trait for LIS students. A significant difference was also observed among all the personality traits of LIS students. Practical implications The findings of this study will help in the identification of LIS individual’s personality. The library managers can use these personality traits for the selection of suitable library professionals for their libraries. Originality/value This study can be valuable for the induction of new library professionals and also help managers in assigning the duties based on these personality traits.

scholarly journals Class II subdivision treatment with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device vs intermaxillary elastics

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isil Aras ◽  
Aylin Pasaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatments implemented in combination with Forsus or intermaxillary elastics in Class II subdivision subjects. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight Class II subdivision patients were allocated to two groups using matched randomization: Forsus group (mean age, 14.19 ± 1.02 years) and elastics group (mean age, 13.75 ± 1.16 years). Patients received fixed appliance therapy in combination with either Forsus or intermaxillary elastics. The study was conducted on lateral cephalograms and digital models acquired before orthodontic treatment and 10–12 weeks after the fixed appliances were removed. Results: The treatment phase comprising the use of Forsus (4.53 ± 0.91 months) was significantly shorter compared with elastics application (6.85 ± 1.08 months). This was also true for comparing duration of overall comprehensive treatment in both groups. Extrusion and palatal tipping of maxillary incisors and clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane were greater in the elastics group (P &lt; .05). The mandibular incisors were proclined in both groups (P &lt; .001), but no significant difference was observed between groups (P &gt; .05). The mandibular incisors showed intrusion in the Forsus group and extrusion in the elastics group; the difference between groups was significant (P &lt; .05). Overbite was decreased in both groups (P &lt; .001) in similar amounts. Improvement in overjet, mandibular midline deviation, and correction of molar relationship on the Class II side were greater in the Forsus group (P &lt; .05). Conclusion: Forsus is more effective for correcting Class II subdivision malocclusion in a shorter treatment period with minimal patient compliance required.

scholarly journals Comparative results of hernia repair from surgeons with different approaches at a tertiary medical center

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 526-530
Author(s):  
Ahmet Alyanak
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Patient Dissatisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
The One

Objective: At present, there is still no method that can be called the gold standard in hernia repair. The main objective of this study was to review the rates, including pain and recurrence, of the most important complications for patient dissatisfaction across different methods applied by different surgeons. Material and Methods: Four hundred twenty one patients who were operated on by three surgeons were retrospectively reviewed with respect to the main complications of pain and recurrence. Self-adhesive mesh and Lichtenstein repairs were performed by the same surgeon, whereas Bassini and transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repairs were performed by separate surgeons. Results: In all repair types, there were a significant difference between visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores on the first postoperative day compared to VAS scores at the one-month mark (p<0.001). The difference between VAS scores in the first month according to repair types was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was a significant difference between repair types and development of chronic pain (p<0.001). Recurrence rates also showed a statistically significant difference amongst repair types (p=0.001). Conclusion: Although the Lichtenstein and laparoscopic methods are superior in terms of recurrence compared to the Bassini method, chronic pain complications from the Bassini method appear to be acceptable

scholarly journals Outcomes of Discectomy by Using Full-Endoscopic Visualization Technique via the Transcorporeal and Transdiscal Approaches in the Treatment of Cervical Intervertebral Disc Herniation: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youliang Ren ◽  
Junsong Yang ◽  
Chien-Min Chen ◽  
Kaixuan Liu ◽  
Xiang-Fu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽  
Arm Pain ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Objective. To compare the difference in clinical and radiographic outcomes between anterior transcorporeal and transdiscal percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (ATc-PECD/ATd-PECD) approaches for treating patients with cervical intervertebral disc herniation (CIVDH). Method. We selected 77 patients with single-segment CIVDH and received ATc-PECD or ATd-PECD in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between March 1, 2010, and July 1, 2015. 35 patients suffered from ATc-PECD, and there were 42 patients in the ATd-PECD group. Obtaining the data of 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, the VAS for neck and arm pain and the modified MacNab criteria were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes, comparing radiographic outcomes and complications of these two groups. Results. We found that the mean operative time was significantly longer in the ATc-PECD group (P<0.05). At the 2-year follow-up, the mean VAS score for neck and arm pain was significantly decreased in both two groups. There was no significant difference in the VAS score for arm pain and neck pain between the two groups at the 2-year follow-up (P=0.783 and P=0.785, respectively). For the ATc-PECD group, the difference in the height of IVS or vertebral body was significant between the preoperative and postoperative groups (P<0.05, respectively). For the ATd-PECD group, there was only a significant decrease in the height of the IVS (P<0.05); the decrease in the surgical vertebral body was not significant between the preoperative and postoperative groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. In the 2-year follow-up, there is no significant difference in the clinical outcomes between the 2 approaches. While the longer time was consumed in the ATc-PECD group, the lower rate of disc collapse and recurrence is notable. Additionally, when the center diameter of tunnel was limited to 6 mm, the bony defect can be healed without the occurrence of the collapse of the superior endplate, and ATc-PECD may be preferable in the endoscopic treatment of CIVDH.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF NIGERIA SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS ON THEIR FOLLOWERS IN ONLINE COMMUNITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatilewa Olaojo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Communication Ability ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of this research was to investigate the Nigerian influencers and their influence on their followers in an online community – Twitter. The study adopted a mixed method comprising of online social media followers and a content analysis of influencers’ posts across three themes of interest: marketing, political and advocacy. The specific objectives of the study were to: (i) determine whether influencers with high personality attributes exert more significant influence on their followers than those with low personality traits; (ii) determine whether influencers with high personality traits and social characteristics have more significant reliability and thus exert greater influence on their followers than those with lower personality traits, social attributes and lower credibility; (iii) examine if there is a significant relationship between influencers’ communication ability and the impact they have on their followers; and (iv) examine the difference between the level of impact that political influencers have on their followers than marketing influencers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 significance. The findings of the study were that: (i) the frequently used communication strategy employed by the influencers is informative (6, 42.9%) to influence their followers; (ii) personality attributes of all categories of influencers had a significant effect on the extent of influence their online activities exert on their followers; and there was no significant difference between the level of impact political influencers had on their followers compared to what marketing influencers had on theirs. The study therefore recommended that media literacy among youths should be enhanced to increase their capacity for following influencers reasonably.

Endovascular Clot Retrieval by Hub-and-Spoke Service Delivery is Feasible Compared with Direct-to-Mothership

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope van Veenendaal ◽  
Bernard Yan ◽  
Leonid Churilov ◽  
Richard Dowling ◽  
Steven Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Service Model ◽  
Good Clinical Outcome ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Regional Hospitals

Background: Endovascular clot retrieval (ECR) improves outcomes for acute ischaemic stroke with large artery occlusion. However, the provision of ECR requires resource-intensive comprehensive stroke centres (CSC), which are impractical to establish in regional hospitals. An alternative is a “hub-and-spoke” model, whereby ischaemic strokes are triaged at the regional primary centres and where eligible, transferred to a CSC. We aimed to compare the outcomes of patients directly admitted to a CSC with patients treated in the “hub-and-spoke” model. We hypothesize that there are no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the 2 systems. Methods: We included patients undergoing ECR at a CSC. Patients were categorised into 2 groups; the first group included patients directly admitted to the CSC and the second group included patients in the “hub-and-spoke” model. Good clinical outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale 0–2 and the difference between the 2 groups was tested by logistic regression. Results: Of 178 patients, 50 (28%) presented directly to CSC and 128 (72%) were transferred from a referring hospital. The median age was 70 (interquartile range 58–77) and 61% were male. Thrombolysis in ischaemic cerebral-infarction 2b/3 recanalisation was achieved in 79% of patients. Of the direct group, 63% (95% CI 48–77%) achieved good clinical outcomes compared to 52% (95% CI 43–61%) in the “hub-and-spoke” group (p = 0.233). Conclusion: This state-wide service model demonstrates comparable clinical outcomes to that described in clinical trials. We found no significant difference in outcome between patients directly admitted to CSC and those with “hub-and-spoke” service delivery.

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