Gallia Est Omnis Divisa In Partes Quattuor

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Calkin ◽  
Colm Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Initial Arrangement

This chapter presents a single unified proof for a certain move that could be performed on packets of cards which, when repeated four times, brought the cards back to their initial arrangement. That is, the move was “of period four.” The move gave rise to some interesting card effects, especially when applied just three times. At that time, the easiest known method for explaining how the move worked involved a decomposition of the packet into three parts. A decade later, a family of generalizations was stumbled upon, also of period four, with interesting consequences when applied only twice. This chapter arrives at proof which covers the whole spectrum of cases of period four, and it divides packets into four parts.

METODE LIMA LANGKAH ARANSEMEN MUSIK

PROMUSIKA ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
R.M. Singgih Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Musical Genres ◽  
Initial Arrangement

This study discusses a music arrangement methodological approach that is based on research and author’s ongoing experience run for more then twnry five years. The study is aimed at contributing a methodic guidance for those who concern with music arrangement. The research output of this study is a formulation of the five steps in music arrangement that encompass: arrangement concept, initial arrangement, creating new idea, further arrangement, and evaluation as well as revision.The author suggests that piano is the best instrument for arrangement and the arranger should actively hear the arrangements of various musical genres. Keywords: music arrangement, five steps, methodic guidance

scholarly journals PROBLEM-SOLVING EXPERIENCE WHEN OPENING NOBLE GYMNASIUMS’ BOARDING HOUSES IN THE KYIV EDUCATIONAL DISCTRICT CURATOR’S COUNCIL ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Alla Balatsynova
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
The State ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Initial Arrangement

based on regulatory and archival documents analysis, the article considers the problem-solving experience when opening noble gymnasiums’ boarding schools in the Kiev educational district curator’s council activities. The Council’s position on this issue, the procedure for making and executing its decisions are clarified on the example of opening the second boarding school at the first Kiev gymnasium in 1836. Thoroughly analysing the state of affairs of the already-performing noble boarding school at the first Kiev gymnasium, Kiev educational district curator’s council members came to the conclusion that one more boarding school opening was necessary. They either approved of the staff developed by the educational district curator, and made proposals on sources of its initial arrangement funding. It is established that the opinion of Kiev educational district curator’s council regarding the second noble boarding school opening at the first Kyiv gymnasium was taken into account by the Ministry of public education when making the final decision.

Diffusion-reaction in one dimension

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 733-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Balding
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Random Walk ◽  
Particle Systems ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Diffusion Limited ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Initial Arrangement ◽  
Number Of Particles

One-dimensional, periodic and annihilating systems of Brownian motions and random walks are defined and interpreted in terms of sizeless particles which vanish on contact. The generating function and moments of the number pairs of particles which have vanished, given an arbitrary initial arrangement, are derived in terms of known two-particle survival probabilities. Three important special cases are considered: Brownian motion with the particles initially (i) uniformly distributed and (ii) equally spaced on a circle and (iii) random walk on a lattice with initially each site occupied. Results are also given for the infinite annihilating particle systems obtained in the limit as the number of particles and the size of the circle or lattice increase. Application of the results to the theory of diffusion-limited reactions is discussed.

Diffusion-reaction in one dimension

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Balding
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Random Walk ◽  
Particle Systems ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Diffusion Limited ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Initial Arrangement ◽  
Number Of Particles

One-dimensional, periodic and annihilating systems of Brownian motions and random walks are defined and interpreted in terms of sizeless particles which vanish on contact. The generating function and moments of the number pairs of particles which have vanished, given an arbitrary initial arrangement, are derived in terms of known two-particle survival probabilities. Three important special cases are considered: Brownian motion with the particles initially (i) uniformly distributed and (ii) equally spaced on a circle and (iii) random walk on a lattice with initially each site occupied. Results are also given for the infinite annihilating particle systems obtained in the limit as the number of particles and the size of the circle or lattice increase. Application of the results to the theory of diffusion-limited reactions is discussed.

Classical Solution and Edge Effect in the Problem of Stability of an Axially Compressed Cylindrical Shell

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Guyk A. Manuylov ◽  
Sergey B. Kosytsyn ◽  
Maksim M. Begichev
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Critical Load ◽  
Classical Solution ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Critical Stresses ◽  
Membrane Deformations ◽  
Initial Arrangement

The classical solution for critical stresses in the problem of stability of a circular longitudinally compressed cylindrical shell consists of two terms, reflecting the ability of the shell to resist buckling due to bending and membrane deformations. However, with usual boundary conditions the classical solution appears only with the absence of the Poisson expansion of a shell. With a non-zero Poisson's ratio, an axisymmetric edge effect presents. It reduces the critical load and causes the initial arrangement of its own forms to change as the load increases.

scholarly journals Impact of bed surface arrangement on bedload rate: comparisons between loose, armored and water-worked beds

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 05036
Author(s):  
Emeline Perret ◽  
Céline Berni ◽  
Benoît Camenen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Mountain Rivers ◽  
Water Power ◽  
Bed Forms ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Original Laboratory ◽  
Initial Arrangement

Existing formulas for predicting bedload rate may be not adapted for mountain rivers with poorly sorted sediments, partly because they were often established using laboratory data with conditions far from those found in such rivers. Natural bed arrangement is particularly difficult to reproduce in flumes, although recent studies highlighted its importance on bedload dynamics. This study aims to quantify bed arrangement impact on bedload rate using original laboratory tests and to improve existing bedload formulas. Three types of bed composed with the same material but having different bed arrangements were studied: loose beds were installed manually in the flume and the others, packed and water-worked beds, were created using water power. Packed beds were assimilated to flat beds composed of a static armor layer whereas water-worked beds exhibited stronger bed organization, including large-scale bed forms. Laser-scanner surveys were used to characterize differences in bed morphology. Similar unsteady hydraulic conditions were applied over these beds. Results showed that bedload dynamics varies significantly depending on the initial arrangement. Compared to loose bed, bedload was enhanced over water-worked bed and reduced over packed bed. Bed surface indicators are thus important parameters to take into account when predicting gravel transport.

Direct numerical simulation of multiple interacting particles at intermediate Reynolds numbers

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213
Author(s):  
Deming Nie ◽  
Limin Qiu ◽  
Xiaobin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Growth ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Particle Collisions ◽  
Interacting Particles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initial Evolution ◽  
Direct Forcing ◽  
Initial Arrangement

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the flow patterns and particle-particle collisions during the sedimentation of multiple circular particles under gravity at intermediate Reynolds numbers through direct numerical simulations (DNS). Design/methodology/approach – The previously developed lattice Boltzmann-direct forcing/fictitious domain (LB-DF/FD) method is adopted in this work to conduct DNS. Findings – It is found that the number of particle-particle collisions display a linear growth at long times after an initial evolution, resulting in a constant collision rate, which also depends the initial arrangement. Originality/value – The problem of particle-particle collisions during sedimentation with two kinds of particle density has not been considered before and it is of special importance in various industries.

scholarly journals Flashed Müller-Lyer and Poggendorff Virtual Illusions

i-Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204166952110156
Author(s):  
Stuart Anstis ◽  
Patrick Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Poggendorff Illusion ◽  
Moving Frame ◽  
Illusory Effect ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Lyer Illusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Position Shift ◽  
Initial Arrangement

A moving frame can dramatically displace the perceived location of stimuli flashed before and after the motion. Here, we use a moving frame to rearrange flashed elements into the form of classic illusions. Without the moving frame, the initial arrangement of the flashed elements has no illusory effect. The question is whether the frame-induced displacement of position precedes or follows the processes underlying the illusions. This illusory offset of flashed chevrons does generate a Müller-Lyer illusion and the illusory offset of two line segments does create a Poggendorff illusion. We conclude that the site where the frame-induced position shift emerges must precede the site at which the Müller-Lyer and Poggendorf illusions arise.

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