scholarly journals TRADITIONAL NORTHERN SELKUP TOY

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-173
Author(s):  
Ольга Борисовна Степанова
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Symbolic Meanings ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Традиционная игрушка северных селькупов, сегодня ими почти забытая, до сих пор никем не исследовалась. Между тем, она представляет собой яркий фрагмент традиционной селькупской культуры. Исследование ставило своей задачей вернуть селькупскому народу этот элемент его культуры в форме научного описания. На основе главным образом музейных материалов и отчасти полевых материалов автора были выявлены и рассмотрены пять типов игрушки северных селькупов, включая шесть видов куклы. Из-за нехватки селькупского материала в исследовании активно использовался метод научной реконструкции. Описания зафиксированных у селькупов типов и видов игрушки воссоздавались по материалам игрушки соседних народов. Попутно устанавливалось, какие традиции — западносибирские и восточносибирские — оказывали влияние на формирование облика того или иного типа/вида игрушки у селькупов. Был рассмотрен вопрос о связи североселькупской игрушки — вещи утилитарного значения — с сакральным или, иными словами, вопрос ее символических смыслов. Автор пришла к выводу, что все типы и виды селькупской игрушки в прошлом были сакральными обрядовыми предметами, и что в семиотическом статусе игрушки соотношение «знакового» и «вещного» со временем сдвинулось в сторону «вещного». Завершенный вид исследованию придали включенные в него материалы по современному состоянию традиционной североселькупской игрушки. The traditional toy of the northern Selkups, today almost forgotten by them, has not yet been studied by anyone. Meanwhile, it is a vivid fragment of the traditional Selkup culture. The research aimed to return this element of their culture to the Selkup people in the form of a scientific description. Based mainly on museum materials and partly from the author's field materials, five types of toys of the northern Selkups were identified and considered, including six types of dolls. Due to the lack of Selkup material, the method of scientific reconstruction was actively used in the study. Descriptions of the types and types of toys recorded by the Selkups were recreated based on the materials of toys of neighboring peoples. Along the way, it was established which traditions — West Siberian and East Siberian — influenced the formation of the appearance of a particular type / type of toy among the Selkups. The question of the connection between the North Selkup toy — a thing of utilitarian meaning — with the sacred, or, in other words, the question of its symbolic meanings, was considered. The author came to the conclusion that all types and types of Selkup toys in the past were sacred ritual objects, and that in the semiotic status of a toy, the ratio of “sign” and “thing” over time shifted towards the “thing”. The study was completed by the materials included in it on the current state of the traditional North Selkup toy.

Reflections on North Dakota’s Sustained Solitary Confinement Reform

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
Leann K. Bertsch
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Solitary Confinement ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Department Of Corrections ◽  
The Way

As director of the North Dakota Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (ND DOCR), I have overseen its adult, juvenile, and community corrections services for the past thirteen years. This chapter will focus on the broader systems reforms that were implemented prior to solitary confinement reform at the ND DOCR, why it was necessary to change the way we use solitary confinement or restrictive housing, the specific changes we made within the unit, how we improved transitions from the unit, the challenges associated with this work, and the successes we have seen as a result of the reforms.

scholarly journals FORUM: CLOSENESS AND DISTANCE IN THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT INTRODUCTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN BREWER ◽  
SILVIA SEBASTIANI
Keyword(s):  
Historical Writing ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
History Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Michel De Certeau ◽  
Age Of Enlightenment ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

According to Michel de Certeau, distance is the indispensable prerequisite for historical knowledge and the very characteristic of modern historiography. The historian speaks, in the present, about the absent, the dead, as Certeau labels the past, thus emphasizing the performative dimension of historical writing: “the function of language is to introduce through saying what can no longer be done.” As a consequence, the heterogeneity of two non-communicating temporalities becomes the challenge to be faced: the present of the historian, as a moment du savoir, is radically separated from the past, which exists only as an objet de savoir, the meaning of which can be restored by an operation of distantiation and contextualization. In Evidence de l’histoire: Ce que voient les historiens, François Hartog takes up the question of history writing and what is visible, or more precisely the modalities historians have employed to narrate the past, opening up the way to a reflection on the boundaries between the visible and the invisible: the mechanisms that have contributed to establish these boundaries over time, and the questions that have legitimized the survey of what has been seen or not seen. But, as Mark Phillips points out, it is the very ubiquity of the trope of distance in historical writings that has paradoxically rendered it almost invisible to historians, so that “it has become difficult to distinguish between the concept of historical distance and the idea of history itself.”

The Revolution Under Raúl

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-164
Author(s):  
Anna Clayfield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
High Importance ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Revolution

This chapter investigates the on-going legacy of the guerrilla struggle between 2006 and 2018, the period of Raúl Castro’s tenure as Cuban President. It argues that, while many foreign commentators viewed the political, social, and economic change of these years as evidence that the Revolution and its socialist model were on the way out, the discursive phenomenon of guerrillerismo still very much anchored it in the past. Such an anchor remained of high importance to the leadership at a time of not only domestic upheaval but also shifting relations with its long-standing enemy to the north: the United States.

Increasing lengths of rank order lists of applicants and programs of US medical residencies

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110508
Author(s):  
Kevin Newsome ◽  
Brendon Sen-Crowe ◽  
Dino Fanfan ◽  
Mark McKenny ◽  
Adel Elkbuli
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medical Programs ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Residency Match

Background To match medical students into residency training programs, both the program and student create rank order lists (ROLs). We aim to investigate temporal trends in ROL lengths across 7 match cycles between 2014 and 2021 for both matched and unmatched residency applicants and programs. Methods retrospective study of ROLs of 7 match cycles, 2014-2021. Residency match and ROL data were extracted from the NRMP database to assess the number of programs filled and unfilled, length of ROLs, position matched, and average ranks per position for osteopathic (DO) and allopathic (MD) medical programs. Results For filled residency programs, the average ROL length consistently increased from 70.72 in 2015 to 88.73 in 2021 ( P = .003), with ROL lengths consistently longer for filled vs unfilled residency programs ( P < .001). The average ROL length for matched applicants increased consistently from 10.41 in 2015 to 12.35 in 2021 ( P = .002), with matched applicants having consistently longer ROLs than unmatched applicants ( P < .001). From 2015 to 2021, in both MD and DO applicants, progressively lower proportions of applicants matched their first and second choices. Conclusion Trends across the past 7 residency match cycles suggest that ROL lengths for both programs and applicants have been increasing with matched programs and applicants submitting significantly longer ROLs than unmatched applicants. Additionally, fewer applicants are matching at their preferred programs over time. Our findings support the mounting evidence that the Match has become increasingly congested and we discuss the possible factors that may be contributing to the current state of the Match as well as potential solutions.

scholarly journals “Fanaticism” and the Politics of Resistance along the North-West Frontier of British India

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Condos
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discourse ◽  
British India ◽  
North West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Politics Of Resistance ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The Way

AbstractDuring the past decade, discussions of religious extremism and “fanatical” violence have come to dominate both public and academic discourse. Yet, rarely do these debates engage with the historical and discursive origins of the term “fanatic.” As a result, many of these discussions tend to reproduce uncritically the same Orientalist tropes and stereotypes that have historically shaped the way “fanaticism” and “fanatical” violence have been framed and understood. This paper seeks to provide a corrective to this often problematic and flawed understanding of the history of “fanaticism.” It approaches these topics through an examination of how British colonial authorities conceived of and responded to the problem of “murderous,” “fanatical,” and “ghazi” “outrages” along the North-West Frontier of India. By unpacking the various religious, cultural, and psychiatric explanations underpinning British understandings of these phenomena, I explore how these discourses interacted to create the powerful legal and discursive category of the “fanatic.” I show how this was perceived as an existentially threatening class of criminal that existed entirely outside the bounds of politics, society, and sanity, and therefore needed to be destroyed completely. The subjectification of the “fanatic,” in this case, ultimately served as a way of activating the colonial state's “sovereign” need to punish and kill. Finally, I deconstruct these reductive colonial representations of fanaticism in order to demonstrate how, despite British views to the contrary, these were often complex and deeply political acts of anti-colonial resistance.

scholarly journals Being Mafia Children: An Empirical Transgenerational Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Serena Giunta ◽  
Giuseppe Mannino ◽  
Cinzia Bizzarri ◽  
Giuliana La Fiura
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Criminal Organization ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

AbstractOur empirical study aims at understanding and analyzing whether and how the way in which the “sons of Mafia” consider their own family and the society in general has changed over time. The psychological study is based on a sample of 11 subjects all sons of the Mafia men divided according to a generational variable, i.e. these two ranges of age: 17-28 and 39-62. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using the Grounded Theory method. From the comparison these elements emerged: first of all, the subjects have a distinct perception of these three different areas: - family, and especially the bond with their fathers; - society, represented mainly by the relationship with peers; - Mafia, specifically in relation to the value codes of this criminal organization. The analysis of these areas has allowed us to give a cross-reading of the Mafia phenomenon outlining the differences in the way in which the present generations and the past ones live and perceive it.

scholarly journals Protests as “Events”: The Symbolic Struggles in 2013 Demonstrations in Turkey and Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (69) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Fabrino Mendonça ◽  
Selen A. Ercan ◽  
Umut Ozguc ◽  
Stephanie Lorraine Gomes Reis ◽  
Paula Guimarães Simões
Keyword(s):  
Significant Shift ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
Frame Transformation ◽  
Turkish Case ◽  
Facebook Pages ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Abstract Introduction: The concept of “event” offers a valuable lens to understand the discursive contestations in and around protests. Events create ruptures that disturb the logic of continuity and open up new way of thinking and talking about the past and the future. Drawing on this concept, this article analyzes the 2013 protests in Turkey and Brazil. It investigates how the causes of these protests were framed and debated in each country and how these frames shifted over time by opening up new interpretations of the past and the future. Materials and Methods: Data is generated from four Facebook pages capturing the messages posted during the first 30 days of protests in each country. In the Brazilian case, we collected the posts of: (1) Passe Livre São Paulo (301,787 likes), the group that started the wave of protests; and (2) O Gigante Acordou (155,690 likes), a collective that emerged during the protests, representing nationalist perspectives. In total, 626 posts were collected from both pages. In the Turkish case, we analyzed posts that appeared on the pages of : (1) Taksim Dayanismasi (82,479 likes), an association that played a significant role in organizing and mobilizing Gezi Park protests; and (2) Recep Tayyip Erdogan (6,957,408 likes), a pro-government and inherently anti-protest page. We coded each post inductively focusing particularly on the way they framed the causes of the protests. We then identified the number of times each frame was mentioned during the first 30 days of the protests and explored whether and how frames changed over time. Results: Our analysis reveals a significant shift in the way the causes of the protests were framed over time in both countries, yet with different implications. While in Brazil, we observe a frame transformation undermining the initial rationale of the protests, in Turkey we see a frame extension and the emergence of broader issues as the real causes of protests, such as the authoritarian nature of the regime and the restriction of democratic rights in this country. Discussion: The article offers a way of analysing protests based on a conceptual lens of event. It sheds light on the role of social media as a platform for symbolic struggles over the protests. Furthermore, the article opens up a debate about the developments of democracy in both countries.

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine in the United States: Current state, regulations, challenges, and the way forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Louis Lei Jin ◽  
Jin Zheng ◽  
Niyaz M. Honarvar ◽  
Xiqun Chen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Way

In the United States, there has been a steady presence and growth of Traditional Medicine (interchangeable in this paper with Complementary or Alternative Medicine) over the past few decades. The costs for such practices are relatively low along with minimal-to-no obvious side effects. Amongst a variety of traditional medical systems, Traditional Chinese Medicine is one of the most popular alternatives to help manage chronic health conditions or to improve the overall quality of life. While not exhaustive, this paper provides a snapshot of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the United States with insights into its current state, regulations, challenges, and the way forward.

scholarly journals Współczesna polska terminologia astronomiczna – dziedzictwo i przyszłość

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5/2020(774)) ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Waniakowa ◽  
Wacław Waniak
Keyword(s):  
Web Portal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Over Time

This text addresses the Polish scientifi c terminology of astronomy. This subject is relatively rarely discussed in the linguistic literature. The authors handle the divisions of astronomical terms by specifi c criteria, the process of coining the Polish astronomical terminology, and tendencies noticeable in its formation over time. They also deal with the old astronomical vocabulary, which has survived to date and is used as the basisfor modern terms. Furthermore, they analyse awareness of the language and terminology among astronomers in the past and in the present. Finally, they discuss the current state of the Polish astronomical terminology. In the conclusion, they postulate the creation of a web portal dedicated to it, which would not only be a useful terminographical solution but also improve its situation in the face of the dominance of English.

scholarly journals Reconceiving pasts in a digital age

HISTOREIN ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Stefan Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Japanese History ◽  
Modern History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Way ◽  
Current Practices

<p>This essay explores the way that digital media helps us think differently about how we practice history. Digital media can raise two issues about how our current practices can offer new ways to explore the current state of historiography. First, the more one is immersed in digital tools, they make us question first principles, the various practices and assumptions of modern history itself. Second, it offers ways of communicating the past that do not hide the process of “doing” history. In this article I will draw on my project, 1884 Japan, to raise questions about data or the fact. By using recorded happenings, I plan to explore the distancing of fact from the context in which it was embedded. Recorded happenings exist prior to the filtering of importance. It enables us to first recover the heterogeneity of pasts and recover the stories and experiences of a variety of people who have usually been written out of Japanese history. Second, by presenting this material I will suggest a layered, multitemporal history that combines the narrative of national becoming with the experiences of others.</p><p> </p>

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