EXPERT SYSTEMS: A PRIMER

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Matthew N. O. Sadiku ◽  
Yonghui Wang ◽  
Suxia Cui ◽  
Sarhan M. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Human Expert ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Intelligent Computer

Expert systems are one of the most exciting and promising applications of computers. An expert system (ES) is an intelligent computer system that contains an organized body of knowledge and emulates an expert problem solving skills. It is designed to emulate the decision-making ability of a human expert. This paper provides a primer on expert systems, their features, applications, benefits, and challenges.

scholarly journals Expert System for Diagnosis of Uterine Myomas using the Certainty Factor Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Syahrizal Dwi Putra ◽  
M Bahrul Ulum ◽  
Diah Aryani
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Certainty Factor ◽  
Uterine Myomas ◽  
Factor Method ◽  
Two Factors

An expert system which is part of artificial intelligence is a computer system that is able to imitate the reasoning of an expert with certain expertise. An expert system in the form of software can replace the role of an expert (human) in the decision-making process based on the symptoms given to a certain level of certainty. This study raises the problem that many women experience, namely not understanding that they have uterine myomas. Many women do not understand and are not aware that there are already symptoms that are felt and these symptoms are symptoms of the presence of uterine myomas in their bodies. Therefore, it is necessary for women to be able to diagnose independently so that they can take treatment as quickly as possible. In this study, the expert will first provide the expert CF values. Then the user / respondent gives an assessment of his condition with the CF User values. In the end, the values obtained from these two factors will be processed using the certainty factor formula. Users must provide answers to all questions given by the system in accordance with their current conditions. After all the conditions asked are answered, the system will display the results to identify that the user is suffering from uterine myoma disease or not. The Expert System with the certainty factor method was tested with a patient who entered the symptoms experienced and got the percentage of confidence in uterine myomas/fibroids of 98.70%. These results indicate that an expert system with the certainty factor method can be used to assist in diagnosing uterine myomas as early as possible.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Leadership Skills Development Program for University Students / Üniversite Öğrencilerine Yönelik Liderlik Becerileri Geliştirme Programının Etkililiği

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Cansoy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Skills Group ◽  
Skills Education

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a leadership skills education program for higher education students. In this program, education was provided to improve the desire for struggle and goal setting, communication skills, group skills, problem-solving skills, decision-making skills, responsibility awareness, trusting and trustworthiness awareness, leadership awareness and emotional awareness within the framework of leadership skills. The study group of the research consists of final-year students with the average age of 23.8 years studying at the Faculty of Economics of Karabük University in the 2016-2017 academic year.  The data of the study were collected with the “Youth leadership characteristics scale”, “Emotional self-awareness scale” and “Awareness of leader and leadership scale”.  The retrospective pretest-posttest experimental model was used in the study.  The differentiation levels of the pretest and posttest scores of the students included in the education program were examined with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. It was observed at the end of the study that the desire for struggle and goal setting, communication skills, group skills, problem-solving skills, decision-making skills, responsibility awareness, trusting and trustworthiness awareness, leadership awareness and emotional awareness levels of the students who participated in the education program significantly increased from a moderately sufficient level to a quite sufficient level. It was indicated that the applied leadership skills education program was effective.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmanın amacı, yükseköğretim öğrencilerine dönük olarak geliştirilen bir liderlik becerileri eğitimi programının etkililiğinin incelenmesidir. Bu programda liderlik becerileri çerçevesinde mücadele isteği ve hedef koyma, iletişim becerileri, grup becerileri, problem çözme becerileri, karar verme becerileri, sorumluluk farkındalığı, güven duyma ve güvenilir olma farkındalığı, liderlik farkındalığı ve duygusal farkındalığı geliştirmeye yönelik bir eğitim verilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2016-2017 yılında Karabük Üniversitesi’ndeki ortalama yaşı 23.8 olan iktisat fakültesi son sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri “Gençlik Liderlik Özellikleri Ölçeği”, “Duygusal Benlik Bilinci Ölçeği” ve “Lider ve Liderlik Hakkinda Farkindalik Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada geçmişe dayalı öntest-son test deneysel modeli kullanılmıştır.  Eğitim programında yer alan öğrencilerin öntest ve sontest puanlarının farklılaşma düzeyleri Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi ile sınanmıştır. Araştırma sonunda eğitim programına katılan öğrencilerde mücadele isteği ve hedef koyma, iletişim becerileri, grup becerileri, problem çözme becerileri, karar verme becerileri, sorumluluk farkındalığı, güven duyma ve güvenilir olma farkındalığı, liderlik farkındalığı ve duygusal farkındalık düzeylerinin orta derecede yeterli düzeyden   oldukça yeterli düzeye  anlamlı bir şekilde yükseldiği görülmüştür. Uygulanan liderlik becerileri eğitimi programının etkili olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.</p>

scholarly journals Identifying Severe Malnutrition in Children with an Expert System

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Devia Kartika ◽  
Rima Liana Gema ◽  
Mutiana Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
System Application ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Inference Method ◽  
Human Expert ◽  
System Method

Expert system is a computer program which is designed for modelling the ability of problem solving as it is an expert (human expert). The expert system method used is the forward chaining method which is the inference method that is doing logical reasoning from the problem to its solution. The aim of this research is to design and develop an expert system that is able to identify the severe malnutrition on children from the age of 0 - 5 years old. The knowledge is derived from the question askedto a nutrition expert. The data are taken from the questions asked to the user and when all of the questions has been answered, then the goal will be appeared which shows the nutrition status. This system application will enable the user to diagnose the nutrition/disease that affects children and get the solution. This system can be used by any kind of user due to the easy access. This system is also put the important information about the severe malnutrition and the recent news of children’s health so it will add more knowledge for the parents about the importance of severe malnutrition’s prevention.

Teaching Executive Functions, Self-Management, and Ethical Decision-Making through Popular Videogame Play

2013 ◽  
pp. 771-785
Author(s):  
Randy Kulman ◽  
Gary Stoner ◽  
Louis Ruffolo ◽  
Stephanie Marshall ◽  
Jennifer Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Functioning Skills

Numerous studies support the contention that videogames can be useful in developing specific attention and memory skills. Videogames and other digital technologies also require the practice of critical-thinking and executive-functioning skills, but there is little evidence that these skills, which lead to decision-making and problem-solving skills, can be generalized from the game to the real world. This chapter examines strategies that use videogames to enhance the development of these problem-solving and ethical decision-making skills. This chapter discusses the use of these strategies with a clinical population of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and learning disabilities and considers methods for parents, teachers, and game publishers to make popular videogames a potent teaching tool for developing decision-making skills in children.

Differential Learning Expert System in Data Management

2009 ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
R. Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Human Expert ◽  
Incremental Development ◽  
Differential Learning

Expert systems have been applied to many areas of research to handle problems effectively. Designing and implementing an expert system is a difficult job, and it usually takes experimentation and experience to achieve high performance. The important feature of an expert system is that it should be easy to modify. They evolve gradually. This evolutionary or incremental development technique has to be noticed as the dominant methodology in the expert-system area. The simple evolutionary model of an expert system is provided in B. Tomic, J. Jovanovic, & V. Devedzic, 2006. Knowledge acquisition for expert systems poses many problems. Expert systems depend on a human expert to formulate knowledge in symbolic rules. The user can handle the expert systems by updating the rules through user interfaces (J. Jovanovic, D. Gasevic, V. Devedzic, 2004). However, it is almost impossible for an expert to describe knowledge entirely in the form of rules. An expert system may therefore not be able to diagnose a case that the expert is able to. The question is how to extract experience from a set of examples for the use of expert systems.

Knowledge-acquisition tools with explicit problem-solving models

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Birmingham ◽  
Georg Klinker
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Code Generation ◽  
System Development ◽  
Generalization Error ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
The Past

AbstractIn the past decade, expert systems have been applied to a wide variety of application tasks. A central problem of expert system development and maintenance is the demand placed on knowledge engineers and domain experts. A commonly proposed solution is knowledge-acquisition tools. This paper reviews a class of knowledge-acquisition tools that presuppose the problem-solving method, as well as the structure of the knowledge base. These explicit problem-solving models are exploited by the tools during knowledge-acquisition, knowledge generalization, error checking and code generation.

The effect of simulator use on students' skill enhancements

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
Seda Karacay Yikar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Knowledge And Skills

Nursing education is a training that requires many cognitive and psychomotor skills to be given to the students. Especially, it is expected that students should do every application skillfully before going out to hospital practice.This study was carried out in order to determine the effect of simulation usage on nursing skill development.These work is a review.There are many advantages to using the simulation in nursing education. These; critical thinking, clinical decision-making and problem-solving skills, a specific situation,skill in simulated education and a case example case can be revitalized versatile. Thus, it is possible to provide students with active learning opportunities to create coherent and comparable experiences; Help students integrate knowledge and skills. Through simulation laboratories, students develop their practice and as a result, mistakes they may make can be reduced.  Keywords: Simulation; nursing education; skill development in nursing.   

The Think Aloud Experiment of the Designing Process of an Expert

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 4081-4083
Author(s):  
Qi Fan ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ling Hua Jiang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Feng Hou
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Human Expert

Knowledge acquisition is the first step in building an expert system. However, it is very difficult to find out the problem-solving approaches from a human expert completely and correctly. Here we implemented the Think-aloud experiment with an expert in architecture. By coding and analyzing the designing process, other researchers could proceed our research and find out the cognitive models corresponded to the approaches and strategies of how experts solved the problems encountered during the normal designing process.

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