INDIGENOUS RHIZOBACTERIA SCREENING FROM TOMATO TO CONTROL Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensis AND PROMOTE PLANT GROWTH RATE AND YIELD

Indigenous rhizobacteria screening from tomato to control Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensis and promote plant growth rate and yield. Bacterial wilt is the most damaging vascular pathogen on tomato and many other crops in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate areas of the world which limits the production. Rhizobacteria have been concerned as potential biological control agents due to their ability to promote plant growth and health, and their role as antagonists of plant pathogens. The purpose of this research was to screen the best indigenous rhizobacteria (IRB) that able to control bacterial wilt disease and increase growth rate and yield of tomato plant. This research was conducted in 3 stages: (1) Isolation and selection of indigenous rhizobacteria as PGPR on tomato seedlings, consisted of 27 IRB isolates and a control, with triplications; (2) Selection of IRB isolates that control R. syzigii subsp. indonesiensis on tomato plants, which consisted of 8 treatments including 7 IRB and a control with 5 replications; (3) Characterization of IRB isolates ability to promote plant growth (indicated with IAA production & phosphate solubilizing). The variables observed were disease development, growth enhancement and IRB isolate ability to produce IAA and solubilize phosphate. The results showed that all IRB isolates were able to control bacterial wilt disease and increase the growth rate and yield of tomato. IR2.3.5, IR1.3.4 and IR1.4.2 were the best isolates in controlling R. syzigii subsp. indonesiensis and increasing the growth rate and yield by 81.25% and 68.72% respectively. All isolates showed various abilities to produce IAA, however, only isolates IR2.3.5 and IR1.3.4 that had abilities to solubilize phosphate.

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PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v11n1.2005.19-24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

NASRUN NASRUN ◽

CHRISTANTI CHRISTANTI ◽

TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO ◽

IKA MARISKA

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Block Design ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Plant Production ◽

Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Pogostemon Cablin

ABSTRAK Penelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstonia solanacearum) menggunakan pseudomonad fluoresen di kebun petani nilam Desa Situak Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telah dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2003 sampai dengan Juni 2004. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pseudomonad fluoresen yang berpotensi untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi nilam. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf 147, dan Pf 180 sebagai perlakuan diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dan diseleksi berdasarkan kemampuan antagonistik terhadap R. solanacearum secara in vitro di Laboratorium Bakteriologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian UGM. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen tersebut diintroduksikan ke nilam dan diadaptasikan selama 1 minggu sebelum ditanam. Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat pseudomonad fluoresen ditanam pada kebun yang telah terinfeksi dengan patogen pada bulan Oktober 2003. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan adalah masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi minyak nilam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat pseudomonad fluoresen dapat mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dengan perpanjangan masa inkubasi 6-52 hari dan penekanan intensitas penyakit 31,11 – 50,56%. Disamping itu isolat pseudomonad fluoresen dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman (6,7 – 26,3 cm), jumlah daun (4,6 – 30,1 daun/tanaman) dan berat kering daun (24,5 – 154,3 g/tanaman), dan produksi minyak nilam terutama jumlah minyak (4,8 – 22,3 ml/tanaman). Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa isolat Pf 91 mempunyai kemampuan antagonistik tertinggi dalam mengen- dalikan penyakit layu bakteri di lapangan. Kata kunci : Nilam, Pogostemon cablin Benth, penyakit layu, bakteri, pengendalian hayati, pseudomonad fluoresen ABSTRACT Controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant with fluorescent pseudomonad The study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant (Ralstonia solanacearum) with fluorescent pseudomonad was carried out in a farmer’s field in Situak Village West Pasaman, West Sumatera from October 2003 to June 2004. The aims of the study were to find out the effectiveness of fluorescent pseudomonad for controlling bacterial wilt disease, increasing plant growth and production. Isolates of fluorescent pseudomonad Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf 147 and Pf 180 as treatments were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy patchouli plant, and selected based on antagonistic activity on R. solanacearum in vitro at the Laboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM. The isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant and adapted for one week before planting. The plants treated with fluorescent pseudomonad isolates were planted in the field infected with pathogen on October 2003. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with six replications. The assessment parameters were incubation period, disease intensity, plant growth and production of patchouli plants. The results showed that fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could control the bacterial wilt disease and delay the incubation period 6-52 days and decrease the disease intensity 31,11–50,56%. In addition fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e. plant height ( 6,7 – 26,3 cm ), leaf numbers (4,6 – 30,1 leaves/plant) and dry weight of leaves (24,5 – 154,3 g/plant), and plant production, especially oil content (4,8 – 22,3 ml/plant). The results of the experiment showed that Pf 91 isolate had the highest antagonistic activity on controlling the bacterial wilt disease on field. Key words : Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, wilt disease, bacterial, biological control, fluorescent pseudomonad

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MEKANISME ANTIBIOSIS BACILLUS SUBTILIS B315 UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI KENTANG

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.11564-71 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nur Prihatiningsih ◽

Triwidodo Arwiyanto ◽

Bambang Hadisutrisno ◽

Jaka Widada

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Disease Index ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease

Antibiosis mechanism of Bacillus subtilis B315 for controlling potato bacterial wilt disease. Bacillus subtilis B315 isolated from rhizospheric potato has antibiosis mechanism against Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and become potentially used as controlling method of bacterial wilt in the field. The objectives of this research were to study the mechanism of B.subtilis B315 in controlling bacterial wilt disease, to study of B. subtilis B315 potency as both biocontrol and plant growth promoter, and to evaluate the mechanism as biocontrol agent. This green house experiment used CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with 5 treatments and 6 replicates. The treatments were control (without B. subtilis B315), B. subtilis B315 wild type, antibiosis mutant M16, antibiosis mutant M4, and antibiosis mutant M14. Variables observed were incubation period, disease index, infection rate, effectiveness of control, and growth components (i.e number of bud, plant height, leaf area, plant fresh and dry weight). The result of this research showed that B. subtilis B315 could delay incubation period, suppressed the disease index up to 64,9% and could promote the plant growth (leaf area). B. subtilis B315 had the antibiosis and other mechanisms that induced sistemic resistance. The implication of this research was that B. subtilis B315 could be used for biocontrol the bacterial wilt and promoted the potato growth.

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Potensi Cendawan Endofit dari Bunga Bawang Dayak untuk Menekan Pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum pada Tanaman Tomat

Agroekotek View ◽

10.20527/agtview.v4i1.2857 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Putri Wulan Cahyani ◽

Noor Laili Aziza ◽

Yusriadi Marsuni

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Cultivation of tomato plants (Lycopesicum esculentum Mill.) Is often exposed to plant diseases. One of the diseases that often attacks tomato plants is bacterial wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum. Therefore, it is necessary to have biological control with the application of an antagonistic agent, namely the provision of endophytic fungi from dayak onion flowers. This study aims to determine the types of endophytic fungi in dayak onion flowers and to determine the potential of endophytic fungi in suppressing the growth of R. solanacearum. This research was conducted from February to May 2020, taking samples of dayak onion flowers in the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture and samples of symptomatic tomato plants on the Karang Anyar Farmer Group's land then continued with isolation, purification, identification, and antagonistic testing at the Production Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The method used in this study was a one-factor completely randomized design (CRD) with nine treatments, namely C1 = endophytic fungi A + R. solanacearum, C2 = endophytic fungi B + R. solanacearum, C3 = endophytic fungi F + R. solanacearum, C4 = endophytic fungi G + R. solanacearum, C5 = endophytic fungi I + R. solanacearum, C6 = endophytic fungi J + R. solanacearum, C7 = endophytic fungi K + R. solanacearum, C8 = fungi endophytic N + R. solanacearum, and C9 = endophytic fungi P + R. solanacearum and repeated three times. This study used a comparison, namely control with three replications, in order to obtain 30 experimental units. The results of this study that endophytic fungi from dayak onion flowers have the potential to suppress the growth of R. solanacearum. Based on the research, there were 17 endophytic fungi from dayak onion flowers with nine endophytic fungi which had the fastest growth rate of radius. Fungi with the genus Colletotrichum sp., Mucor sp., and Papulaspora sp. has the potential to suppress the growth of R. solanacearum with moderate to strong percentage of inhibition.

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The Effect of Application Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma spp. and Fusarium spp. to Control Bacterial Wilt in Chilli Pepper

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2020.3432 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 559-569

Author(s):

Ana Feronika Cindra IRAWATI ◽

Kikin Hamzah MUTAQIN ◽

Maggy Tenawidjaja SUHARTONO ◽

Widodo WIDODO

Keyword(s):

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Chilli Pepper ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Combination Treatments ◽

Induce Resistance ◽

Promote Plant Growth ◽

And Control

Endophytic fungi have the ability to produce secondary metabolites that promote plant growth and increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. A plant disease is an important biotic stress that need to be controlled. However, the potential use of endophytic fungi to induce resistance against bacterial wilt disease in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has not been widely reported. Thus, this research aimed to determine the potential of endophytic fungi in suppressing development of bacterial wilt disease in chili. The study was conducted using three endophytic fungi such as Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli isolates AC-2.13 and AC-3.18, and Trichoderma asperellum AC-4.4. The test used nine treatments, i.e. 3 single treatments, four combination treatments, streptomycin, and control. The results showed that application of endophytic fungi F. solani f.sp. phaseoli and T. asperellum either in single or combination treatments reduced development of bacterial wilt in chili with inhibition rate of 12.5 to 50 %. Applications of combined endophytic fungi were not always inhibiting development of bacterial wilt in chili. Furthermore, the ability to suppress disease development by endophytic fungi was not always followed by its ability to increase crop yield. F. solani f.sp. phaseoli isolate AC-44 have the highest potential of endophytic fungi in controlling R. solanacearum. In the biochemical evaluation, F. solani f.sp. phaseoli showed an increase of several compounds activity in chili such as total phenol, peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), β-glucanase, and phenylalanine aminaliase (PAL).

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Cendawan Endofit yang Potensial Meningkatkan Ketahanan Cabai Merah terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia ◽

10.14692/jfi.12.4.133 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Ana Feronika Cindra Irawati ◽

Yudi Sastro ◽

Sulastri Sulastri ◽

Maggy Tenawidjaja Suhartono ◽

Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Root Rot ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Potential Use ◽

Molecular Characters ◽

Selection Of

Ralstonia solanacearum has been known to cause bacterial wilt disease on chili pepper. Despite many reports on the potential use of endophytic fungi to induce plant resistance, its utilization to suppress bacterial wilt disease of chili has not been widely reported. The aims of this research was to screen potential endophytic fungi that may increase chili resistance against bacterial wilt disease. Selection of endophytic fungi was done using in vivo and antibiosis test. Strains of fungi were considered the most potent in suppressing the development of bacterial wilt in chilli were identified. Ten out of 62 isolates of endophytic fungi gave the highest suppression on chilli’s bacterial wilt disease. Most strains of endophytic fungi were able to suppress the development of bacterial wilt disease, but not always positively correlated to the vegetative and generative growth of chilli. Based on the level of disease intensity and the growth of plants were obtained three strains of endophytic fungi that considered potentially suppress the incidence of bacterial wilt disease. The three isolates was identified as Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli (AC-2.13 and AC-4.4) and Trichoderma asperellum (AC-3.18) using morphology and molecular characters. Although all three selected isolates were able to suppress bacterial wilt disease in this study, but application of F. solani f.sp. phaseoli should be considered in practical use since it is generally known as the causal agent of root rot disease of beans

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PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN Bacillus spp. DAN Pseudomonad fluoresen

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v15n3.2009.116-123 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

CHRISNAWATI CHRISNAWATI ◽

NASRUN NASRUN ◽

TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Block Design ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽

In Planta ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Pogostemon Cablin ◽

Bacillus Spp

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstoniasolanacearum) menggunakan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen dikebun petani nilam di Nagari Kajai, Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telahdilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai November 2006. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen yangberpotensi untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan dan produksi nilam. Isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26; Bc 80 dan Bc81 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101; Pf146 dan Pf 170 dalam bentukkombinasi sebagai perlakuan yang diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dandiseleksi berdasarkan kemampuan antagonistik terhadap R. solanacearumsecara in vitro di laboratorium dan in planta di rumah kaca KP BalittroLaing Solok. Isolat Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen tersebutdiintroduksikan ke nilam dan dibiarkan selama 1 minggu sebelum ditanam.Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. danPseudomonad fluoresen ditanam pada kebun nilam yang telah terinfeksioleh bakteri patogen pada bulan Mei 2006. Perlakuan yang diuji disusundalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 ulangan. Parameterpengamatan adalah perkembangan penyakit layu bakteri meliputi masainkubasi dan intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf101 dapat mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri nilam lebih baik dibandingkan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101 secara terpisah dan isolat Bacillus spp.dan Pseudomonad fluoresen lainnya secara kombinasi dan terpisah.Kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101dapat menunda masa inkubasi gejala penyakit layu bakteri dari 21 harisetelah tanam (HST) menjadi 63 HST dan menekan intensitas penyakitlayu bakteri dari 63,90% menjadi 14,67%. Di samping itu kombinasikedua isolat tersebut dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sepertitinggi tanaman dari 35,53 cm menjadi 52,77 cm, jumlah daun total dari32,00 daun/tanaman menjadi 104,67 daun/tanaman, jumlah tunas dari10,33 tunas/tanaman menjadi 25,33 tunas/tanaman, berat basah daun dari16,20 g/petak menjadi 81,73 g/petak dan berat kering daun dari 5,44 g/petak menjadi 27,15 g/petak. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwakombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101mempunyai kemampuan tertinggi dalam mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman nilam di lapang.Kata kunci: Pogostemon cablin Benth, penyakit layu bakteri,pengendalian, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonad fluorescentABSTRACTUse of Bacillus sp. and Fluorecent Pseudomonad to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease on Patchouli PlantThe study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant(Ralstonia solacearum) with Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonadwas carried out in farmer field in Kajai Village, West Pasaman, WestSumatra from May to November 2006. The aims of the study were to findout the effectiveness of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad forcontrolling bacterial wilt disease, and increasing plant growth andproduction. Isolates of Bacillus spp. Bc 26, Bc 80, and Bc 81, andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101, Pf 146 and Pf 170 in combination orseperation as treatments were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthypatchouli plant, and selected based on antagonistic activity on R.solanacearum in vitro at the laboratory and in planta at green house of KP.Balittro Laing Solok. Isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant andremained for one week before planting. The plants, treated with Bacillusspp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad isolates, were planted in the fieldinfected with pathogen bacterial in May 2006. The treatment was arrangedin a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Theassessment parameters were incubation period, disease intensity, plantgrowth and production of patchouli plants. The results showed thatcombination of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad could controlthe bacterial wilt disease better than Bacillus spp. Bc 26 and Fluorescentpseudomonad seperately, and the other Bacillus spp. and Fluorescentpseudomonad either in combination or separation. Combination ofBacillus spp. Bc26 and Fluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 delayed theincubation period from 21 to 63 days and decreased the disease intensity ofbacterial wilt from 63.90 to 14.67%. In addition combination of bothisolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e plant height from35.53 to 52.77 cm, total numbers of leaves from 32.00 to 104 leaves/plant,budding numbers from 10.33 to 25.33 budding/plant, wet weight of leavesfrom 16.20 to 81.73 g/plot, and dry weight of leaves from 5.44 to 27.15g/plot. The results of the experiment showed that Bacillus spp. Bc 26 andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 isolates have the highest activity oncontrolling the bacterial wilt disease and increase the growth of patchouliplant in the field.Key words: Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, bacterial wilt disease,biological control, Bacillus spp., Fluorescent pseudomonad

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Inokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Indigenus pada Bibit Jahe untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Ralstonia solanacearum ras 4)

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.14.1.61-67 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Netty Suharti ◽

Trimurti Habazar ◽

Nasril Nasir ◽

Dachryanus Dachryanus ◽

Jamsari Jamsari

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Height ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Experiment Design ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Race 4

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is one of factors inhibiting ginger production. The study on ArbuscularMychorrizae Fungus (AMF) in greenhouse was found could reduce of bacteria wilt disease. Experiment design of research was randomizedblock design using 8 isolates. The results showed that inoculation of Arbuscular Mychorrhizae Fungus isolated from healthy gingerrhizosphere as biological diseases control agents could reduces disease severity. Four isolate could reduced disease severity up to 100% andsupport plant growth and production. As the result the seedling formation increased by 50–150%, plant height 36.92–87.56%, the numberof leaf 61.94–162.22% and ginger yield 190.62–400% respectively, compared to the control.

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