scholarly journals Yield, its components and pest incidence in mixed intercropping of oats (Avena sativa) and field beans (Vicia faba)

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Helenius ◽  
Päivi Ronni
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Pest Incidence ◽  
Field Beans

Seed yields, yield components, pest incidence and damage were examined in two field experiments of mixed intercropping of oats (Avena sativa) with field beans (Vicia faba) in Southern Finland in 1984—1985.The stand types were monocrops and replacement series of mixtures with 2/3 and 1/3 or 1/3 and 2/3 of oats and beans, respectively, on plots treated or not treated with insecticide. In the first season when the overall performance of the crops was poor and the numbers of the main pest Rhopalosiphum padi (Horn., Aphididae) on oats low, the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) index indicated an intercropping advantage in the bean yield and a disadvantage in the oat yield, the insecticide treatment having no effect on the overall nor on the relative performance of the component crops. The site used during the second season was of high fertility, thus favouring oats over beans. The LERs indicated no advantage or disadvantage in mixed cropping for either oats or beans when R. padi was not controlled. Spraying against R. padi improved the performance of oats, the mixture with 1/3 oats showing an advantage over the monocrop. Simultaneously, there were signs (p = 0.08) of a reduction in the relative performance of the beans. The indicative results support the hypothesis of interspecific dynamics in compensatory yielding as an element of improved reliability in intercropping. The yield components most sensitive to the change in cropping pattern were the number of panicles per plant in oats and the seed weight in beans, both increasing in the mixtures. Compared to known responses to stand density in monocrops, the beans responded to the mixed cropping in a more specific way than the oats. Mixed cropping increased the numbers of aphids in oats. There were signs of a reduced incidence, but not of a reduced average colony size, of Aphis fabae, and of a reduced rate of notching by Sitona spp. weevils on beans in mixed cropping. The results for damage by the frit fly (Oscinella frit) were inconclusive.

CROP-WEED COMPETITION STUDIES IN FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Field experiments were conducted during the two growing seasons of 1999 and 2000 at the research farm of the Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) to study the effect of the time of weed removal on the yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Removing weeds from 25 to 75 days after crop sowing led to significantly larger yields than on plots which were not weeded. Maximum yield was obtained in both years when weeds were removed thrice at 25, 50 and 75 days after crop sowing.

Chemical control of chocolate spot disease of field beans

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Severa A. Doto ◽  
W. J. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Chocolate Spot ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Chocolate Spot Disease ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Better Than

SummaryThe ability of two chemicals, Benlate and BAS352-04F, to control chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) disease of field beans (Vicia faba) was examined in five small-plot or field experiments. The incidence of the fungus was never such as to reach the aggressive stage naturally, although severe infection was induced temporarily in certain experiments by enclosing the plots in plastic-covered boxes after inoculation with fungus. Increasing the recommended dose of BAS352-04F but not Benlate resulted in improved control and applying either chemical twice was preferable to a single application. Control by BAS352-04F was sometimes better than Benlate in the early days after infection whereas the reverse was true later. These results are in keeping with their roles as contact, and systemic and contact fungicides respectively. In these small experiments, with low levels of infection, the use of fungicides did not result in significant increases in yield or yield components.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Evaluate the Effect of Varying Time Intervals Between Liming and Cropping on an Oxisol

1969 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
J. Badillo-Feliciano ◽  
M. A. Lugo-López
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiments were conducted on an Oxisol with pH 5.0 in northwestern Puerto Rico in an attempt to determine whether the time interval between liming and cropping affected yields, yield components, and other plant characters. Six lime-cropping interval treatments were tested with two cultivars of succeeding crops of field beans and corn in a split plot design. Two cultivars were used as indicator crops in each case. The liming-cropping intervals ranged from planting immediately after liming to planting 10 months after liming (liming on a bimonthly basis). No significant yield differences attributable to treatments could be detected for either crop. In the same fashion, no significant differences were obtained on the various yield components and plant characters studied except for the fact that the 27R fieldbeans from plots limed 10 months prior to planting were smaller than those from plots limed just before planting. The effectiveness of liming Oxisols with pH 5.0 seems not to depend on the time interval that elapses between liming and planting.

Genotypic and phenotypic variances and correlations in field beans (Vicia faba L.)

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genotypic Variance ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Number Of Seeds

SUMMARYEstimates of genotypic and phenotypic variances and covariances were determined for yield and yield components in ten field beans varieties grown at two locations over three seasons.Substantial amounts of genotypic variance were obtained for yield/plot, 1000-seed weight and number of pods/plant. Variability in number of seeds/pod and much of the variation in yield/plant was attributable to environmental effects and their interaction with the varieties. Seed yield/plot was closely and positively correlated with number of pods/plant and yield/plant, while it was closely and negatively correlated with 1000-seed weight.The implications of these correlations for selection are discussed.

Intercropped field beans (Vicia faba) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) for whole crop forage: effect of nitrogen on forage yield and quality

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GHANBARI-BONJAR ◽  
H. C. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Field Beans

Sole crops and intercrops of field beans (Vicia faba L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), at three nitrogen rates, were evaluated for production of whole crop forage in two field experiments, one spring and one autumn drilled, on Imperial College at Wye farm, UK, during 1997–1998. Forage quality attributes measured were crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and ash content. In both experiments, dry matter (DM) and percentage dry matter (DM%) were improved by intercropping compared with beans sole crops. Intercropping enhanced CP and NDF contents and WSC compared with beans and wheat sole crops, respectively. Nitrogen (N) applications up to 75 kg/ha produced the optimal intercrop forage yield and crude protein content. This input of N is smaller than that for other forage crops.

Effects of inflorescence removal on seed yield performance of field beans (Vicia faba) under different shading treatments

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Aufhammer ◽  
I. Götz-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Field Beans

SUMMARYEffects of inflorescence removal under different plant densities and degrees of shading on seed yield of field beans (Vicia faba L.) were investigated. Two indeterminate cultivars were used in field experiments for two seasons (1985 and 1986). The hierarchy within the generative storage system of field bean plants was manipulated by removal of inflorescences at various growth stages and nodes.Removal of the inflorescences of nodes 1–3 (counted from the base upwards) caused about 30% loss of seed yield potential compared with the control but compensatory increases in seed yield were found, differing with plant density and duration of shading. Under favourable growing conditions (no shading, 20 plants/m2), overcompensation occurred, giving a mean seed yield up to 40% more than in controls.Removal of all inflorescences above the ninth flowering node did not significantly reduce seed yield as plants completely compensated for the restriction on yield imposed.

Intercropping Barley and Beans I. Effects of Planting Pattern

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. L. D. Martin ◽  
R. W. Snaydon
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Field Beans

SUMMARYBarley (Hordeum sativum) and field beans (Vicia faba) were grown in pure stands, alternate-row mixtures and within-row mixtures in two field experiments. In both experiments the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), based on seed yield, was consistently greater than 1.0 only when the crops were grown in alternate rows. The LER was greatest (1.8) when the mixture included more barley than beans. Reasons for the yield advantage of alternate row planting are discussed. Barley was more competitive than beans in mixtures, but this was not significantly affected by planting pattern.

Physiology of seed yield in field beans (Vicia faba L.): I. Yield and yield components

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan M. Ishag
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
National Average ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Variety Means

SummaryThe growth and yield of four varieties of field beans were studied in field experiments in 1967 and 1968.Seed yield of the varieties Albyn Tick, Herz Freya, Blue Rock and Maris Bead were similar (averaging 6600 kg/ha) in 1967, but in 1968 Albyn Tick and Herz Freya (averaging 6400 kg/ha) outyielded Maris Bead (5700 kg/ha). Yield in both seasons were substantially more than the national average yields for Britain (about 3000 kg/ha). In 1968, yields were 40% greater at 57 plants/m2 (7100 kg/ha) than at 36 plants/m2 (5100 kg/ha).Yield was closely correlated with number of pods/plant. The number of pods/node regulated this rather more than the numbers of nodes forming pods. Mean seed weight and seed number/pod varied little between plant densities but variety means were significantly different.Maximum numbers of immature pods were present in late June. By mid-July 35% of the immature pods had shed, mainly from the middle and top of the range of podbearing nodes.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON YIELD AND COMPONENTS OF YIELD OF FABA BEAN

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. GRAF ◽  
G. G. ROWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Primary Yield

Field experiments using two Vicia faba L. cultivars, Outlook faba bean and Chinese broad bean, were grown at six densities (13, 25, 38, 50, 63 and 75 plants m−2) at two locations in Saskatchewan for 2 yr. A diminishing yield response to density was observed over this range of densities, with optimal economic seeding densities attained at 38 plants m−2. For the larger-seeded Chinese broad bean, simulations indicated that a lower density of 25 plants m−2 was adequate if the seed cost approached twice that of the product price. Density effects were highly significant (P < 0.01) for all yield components except seed weight in Chinese broad bean and seeds per pod in both cultivars. Of the primary yield components, pods per plant exhibited the greatest sensitivity to changes in plant density, with Outlook faba bean being affected to a much greater extent. The number of pods per pod-bearing node was the major determinant of yield and yield stability in the highly indeterminate Outlook faba bean. The importance of pods per pod-bearing node was reduced in the more determinate Chinese broad bean, where podded nodes per plant showed greater sensitivity to plant density changes. It is suggested that efforts to produce a more determinate cultivar by reducing the number of podded nodes per plant may result in a concomitant stabilization of pods per pod-bearing node.Key words: Vicia faba, yield components, plant density, faba bean, seeding rate

Improved growth and yield of Faba beans (Vicia faba cv. Fiord) by inoculation with strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. viciae in acid soils in south west Victoria

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Carter ◽  
WK Gardner ◽  
AH Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
South West ◽  
Faba Beans

The response of faba beans (Vicia faba L. cv. Fiord) to seed inoculation with eight strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. viciae was examined in field experiments at six sites on acid soils in south-west Victoria. At two of the sites, two additional strains were examined, and in 1988, 14 strains were examined at one site. Very low natural populations of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae were found at the experimental sites. Most strains resulted in improved early nodulation and increased grain yield at all sites, when compared to inoculation with the commercial strain of rhizobia (SU391). Plant dry matter production and nitrogen accumulation in the plant shoot tissue was also increased at one site during the flowering period by some strains. Large visual differences between plots inoculated with SU391 and other strains were evident at most sites. Most uninoculated treatments were not nodulated and yielded very poorly. Treatments inoculated with the strain SU391 performed similarly to the uninoculated treatments.

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