scholarly journals Sistem Kekerabatan dalam novel Hong Lou Meng karya Cao Xueqin: Analisis Sosiologi Sastra

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Sheyra Silvia Siregar
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
The People ◽  
Hong Lou Meng ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Cao Xueqin

This study describes the kinship system adhered to by the people of East Asia, especially the People's Republic of China. The rich and diverse kinship system is clearly illustrated and applied in a large family during the dynastic kingdom in China. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the kinship system in Hong Lou Meng novel by Cao Xueqin. In addition, this novel also tells about a family that contains many different kinship systems. This research belongs to a descriptive-qualitative perspective. The results of the analysis show an overview of the kinship system contained in a large family in Ancient China about the Chinese ethnic kinship system in the past through Hong Lou Meng novel by Cao Xueqin.

INTRODUCTION TO THE NEW SERIES: UNCOMMON “COMMON SENSE”

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Akinobu Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

The common sense of modern times was not always “common” in the past. For example, if it is true that inflation is caused by an oversupply of money, a short supply of money must cause deflation. However logical that sounds, though, it has not been so uncommon in history that rising prices were recognized as being caused by a scarcity of currency. Even in the same period, a common idea prevailing in one historical area was not always common in another; rather, it sometimes appeared in quite the opposite direction. It is likely that the idea that a government gains from bad currencies, while traders appreciate good ones, is popular throughout the world. In the case of China, however, its dynasties sometimes intentionally issued high-quality coins without regard to their losses. East Asia shared the idea that cheap currency harms the state, while an expensive currency harms the people. This is in considerable contrast with a common image in other regions that authorities gained profits from seigniorage.

scholarly journals Achievements and Inspirations of Improving Rural Livelihood in the Past 70 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Rural People ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Period ◽  
The People ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Political Advantage

It is good tradition and political advantage for China’s party, as well as the purpose and foothold of our party’s work to pay great attention to improving people’s livelihood. This article analyzes the achievements of China’s improvement of rural people ’s livelihood in the past 70 years since the founding of the People ’s Republic of China from the following four aspects. It also states the inspirations brought by the improvement of rural people ’s livelihood in the past 70 years to improve rural people ’s livelihood in the current period.

Populism in East Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Hellmann
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Discursive Institutionalism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strict Interpretation ◽  
The People ◽  
Moral Distinction ◽  
Definition Of

Based on a strict interpretation of the ideological definition of populism, this chapter argues that populist politicians are a rare breed in the electoral democracies of Northeast and Southeast Asia. In fact, multiparty politics have only thrown up three true cases of populism in the past: Joseph Estrada in the Philippines, Thaksin Shinawatra in Thailand, and Prabowo Subianto in Indonesia. Through the analytical framework of discursive institutionalism, the chapter explains the general absence of populist politicians by highlighting the distinctiveness of East Asia as an ideological setting. Specifically, the ideational context that is East Asia does not provide broader frameworks that would allow politicians to draw a moral distinction between “the people” and “the elite” in ways that are meaningful to voters.

scholarly journals Oedipus Sang Raja dan Bujang Munang: Mitos Peletak Dasar Larangan Incest dalam Masyarakat

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Laura Andri Retno Martini
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Diverse Cultures

Folklore is a story of the past that characterizes every nation with its diverse cultures, including the rich culture and history of each nation. The folklore that tells incest is found all over the world. In almost all ethnic groups there is an incest first mythology. Versions are submitted vary, depending on the social life of the community. Bujang Munang and Oedipus are cultural myth stories that have the theme of the origin of the incest ban. Oedipus is a myth that developed in Greece while Bujang Munang is a myth that developed in Nanga Serawai Santang district of West Kalimantan. There is a linkage of the basic structure of the narrative in the story of Oedipus and Bujang Munang. Incest behavior is also not allowed to occur in the norms of life of Greek society and the people of West Kalimantan. There will be unfavorable consequences for incest and surrounding people if the rule is violated.

Plans for Constitutional Reform in Hong Kong, 1946—52

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 463-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Miners
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Special Administrative Region ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Administrative Region ◽  
The People ◽  
Colonial Empire

Hong Kong has never taken the path of constitutional development towards democratic self-government followed by the rest of Great Britain's colonial empire. In 1984 the Legislative and Executive Councils were still composed entirely of officials and unofficials nominated by the Governor without a single elected member, just as they have been for the past 140 years. This anomalous position has commonly been justified in two ways: the official explanation is that there have been no demands for democratic institutions voiced by the people of Hong Kong; unofficially ministers and officials have claimed that the People's Republic of China objects to free elections and Britain has found it expedient to give heed to China's views. This has never been publicly and unambiguously admitted by any Minister of the Crown while in office to avoid diplomatic embarrassment, but a large number of comments and replies to parliamentary questions can be quoted which leave little doubt that this is in fact the case. It seems that the Chinese People's Government has always equated democratic constitutional advance in Hong Kong with moves to grant independence to the territory and so has imposed her veto on any changes which might preclude the future resumption of Chinese sovereignty. But now that Britain has formally declared her intention to restore the whole of Hong Kong to China in 1997 China has in turn declared that after 1997“The legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be constituted by elections,” and is apparently prepared to waive her longstanding objections to democratic developments in the intervening 12 years before Hong Kong reverts to Chinese sovereignty.

scholarly journals The Ruins of Eloquence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Antony Hembrow
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Memorial Museum ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City

<p>On the 22nd of February, 2011 the city of Christchurch, New Zealand was crippled by a colossal earthquake. 185 people were killed, thousands injured and what remained was a city left in destruction and ruin. Thousands of Christchurch properties and buildings were left damaged beyond repair and the rich historical architecture of the Canterbury region had suffered irreparably.  This research will conduct an investigation into whether the use of mixed reality can aid in liberating Christchurch’s rich architectural heritage when applied to the context of destructed buildings within Christchurch.  The aim of this thesis is to formulate a narrative around the embodiment of mixed reality when subjected to the fragmentary historical architecture of Christchurch. Mixed reality will aspire to act as the defining ligature that holds the past, present and future of Christchurch’s architectural heritage intact as if it is all part of the same continuum.  This thesis will focus on the design of a memorial museum within a heavily damaged historical trust registered building due to the Christchurch earthquake. It is important and relevant to conceive the idea of such a design as history is what makes everything we know. The memories of the past, the being of the now and the projection of the future is the basis and fundamental imperative in honouring the city and people of Christchurch. Using the technologies of Mixed Reality and the realm of its counter parts the memorial museum will be a definitive proposition of desire in providing a psychological and physical understanding towards a better Christchurch, for the people of Christchurch.  This thesis serves to explore the renovation possibilities of the Canterbury provincial council building in its destructed state to produce a memorial museum for the Christchurch earthquake. The design seeks to mummify the building in its raw state that sets and develops the narrative through the spaces. The design intervention is kept at a required minimum and in doing so manifests a concentrated eloquence to the derelict space. The interior architecture unlocks the expression of history and time encompassed within a destructive and industrialised architectural dialogue. History is the inhabitant of the building, and using the physical and virtual worlds it can be set free.  This thesis informs a design for a museum in central Christchurch that celebrates and informs the public on past, present and future heritage aspects of Christchurch city. Using mixed reality technologies the spatial layout inside will be a direct effect of the mixed reality used and the exploration of the physical and digital heritage aspects of Christchurch. The use of technology in today’s world is so prevalent that incorporating it into a memorial museum for Christchurch would not only be interesting and exploratory but also offer a sense of pushing forward and striving beyond for a newer, fresher Christchurch. The memorial museum will showcase a range of different exhibitions that formulate around the devastating Christchurch earthquake. Using mixed reality technologies these exhibitions will dictate the spaces inside dependant on their various applications of mixed reality as a technology for architecture. Research will include; what the people of Canterbury are most dear to in regards to Christchurch’s historical environment; the use of mixed reality to visualise digital heritage, and the combination of the physical and digital to serve as an architectural mediation between what was, what is and what there could be.</p>

scholarly journals Perubahan Penerapan Sanksi Adat terhadap Perkawinan Semarga pada Masyarakat Mandailing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-73
Author(s):  
Idha Aprilyana Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
The People ◽  
Male Side ◽  
The Village ◽  
Legal Consequences

Masyarakat Mandailing adalah masyarakat yang bersistem kekerabatan patrilineal (garis keturunan dari pihak ayah/ laki-laki) dan sistem perkawinan exogami yaitu perkawinan tidak boleh terjadi antara perempuan dan laki-laki bermarga sama (asymmetric connubium). Masyarakat Mandailing sangat melarang perkawinan semarga. Namun dalam prakteknya, perkawinan semarga tetap terjadi pada Masyarakat Mandailing termasuk yang tinggal di Desa Manegen, Kecamatan Padang Sidempuan.Hal ini terjadi karena pengaruh Hukum Islam dalam aspek kehidupan masyarakatnya. Di sisi lain, sanksi adat tetap diberlakukan terhadap pasangan yang melakukan perkawinan semarga. Penerapan sanksi adat inilah yang menarik untuk dikaji dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk sanksi adat, mekanisme, pihak-pihak yang terlibat di dalamnya serta akibat hukum yang timbul akibat dari penerapan sanksi secara adat ini. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis, jenis penelitian yuridis empiris. Lokasi penelitian adalah Desa Manegen. Responden adalah pasangan suami istri yang menikah semarga, informan adalah para tokoh adat,cerdik pandai, Kepala Desa Manegen dan Ulama. Analisa data dilakukan secara kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan, terdapat perbedaan sanksi adat di masa lampau dan masa sekarang. Di masa lampau, sanksi adat jauh lebih keras seperti pengucilan dan pengusiran dari Desa. Di masa sekarang, sanksi adat hanya berupa denda yang besarannya telah ditentukan oleh para Pengetua Adat setempat. The Mandailing community is a patrilineal kinship system (lineage from the father / male side) and the exogamy marriage system, namely that marriages should not occur between women and men of the same surname (asymmetric connubium). The Mandailing community strongly prohibits marriages. But in practice, same-sex marriages still occur in the Mandailing community, including those who live in Manegen Village, Padang Sidempuan District. This occurs because of the influence of Islamic law in aspects of the lives of the people. On the other hand, adat sanctions continue to be imposed on couples who engage in same-sex marriages. The application of adat sanctions is interesting to study in this study to find out the forms of adat sanctions, mechanisms, parties involved in them as well as legal consequences arising from the application of sanctions in this manner. This research is analytical descriptive, empirical juridical type of research. The research location is Manegen Village. Respondents are married couples who are married with the same family, the informants are traditional leaders, cleverly clever, Manegen Village Chiefs and Ulama. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively. From the results of the study found, there are differences in traditional sanctions in the past and present. In the past, adat sanctions were much tougher such as ostracism and expulsion from the village. At present, customary sanctions are only in the form of fines, the amount of which has been determined by local Indigenous Leaders. 

scholarly journals The Ruins of Eloquence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Antony Hembrow
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Memorial Museum ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City

<p>On the 22nd of February, 2011 the city of Christchurch, New Zealand was crippled by a colossal earthquake. 185 people were killed, thousands injured and what remained was a city left in destruction and ruin. Thousands of Christchurch properties and buildings were left damaged beyond repair and the rich historical architecture of the Canterbury region had suffered irreparably.  This research will conduct an investigation into whether the use of mixed reality can aid in liberating Christchurch’s rich architectural heritage when applied to the context of destructed buildings within Christchurch.  The aim of this thesis is to formulate a narrative around the embodiment of mixed reality when subjected to the fragmentary historical architecture of Christchurch. Mixed reality will aspire to act as the defining ligature that holds the past, present and future of Christchurch’s architectural heritage intact as if it is all part of the same continuum.  This thesis will focus on the design of a memorial museum within a heavily damaged historical trust registered building due to the Christchurch earthquake. It is important and relevant to conceive the idea of such a design as history is what makes everything we know. The memories of the past, the being of the now and the projection of the future is the basis and fundamental imperative in honouring the city and people of Christchurch. Using the technologies of Mixed Reality and the realm of its counter parts the memorial museum will be a definitive proposition of desire in providing a psychological and physical understanding towards a better Christchurch, for the people of Christchurch.  This thesis serves to explore the renovation possibilities of the Canterbury provincial council building in its destructed state to produce a memorial museum for the Christchurch earthquake. The design seeks to mummify the building in its raw state that sets and develops the narrative through the spaces. The design intervention is kept at a required minimum and in doing so manifests a concentrated eloquence to the derelict space. The interior architecture unlocks the expression of history and time encompassed within a destructive and industrialised architectural dialogue. History is the inhabitant of the building, and using the physical and virtual worlds it can be set free.  This thesis informs a design for a museum in central Christchurch that celebrates and informs the public on past, present and future heritage aspects of Christchurch city. Using mixed reality technologies the spatial layout inside will be a direct effect of the mixed reality used and the exploration of the physical and digital heritage aspects of Christchurch. The use of technology in today’s world is so prevalent that incorporating it into a memorial museum for Christchurch would not only be interesting and exploratory but also offer a sense of pushing forward and striving beyond for a newer, fresher Christchurch. The memorial museum will showcase a range of different exhibitions that formulate around the devastating Christchurch earthquake. Using mixed reality technologies these exhibitions will dictate the spaces inside dependant on their various applications of mixed reality as a technology for architecture. Research will include; what the people of Canterbury are most dear to in regards to Christchurch’s historical environment; the use of mixed reality to visualise digital heritage, and the combination of the physical and digital to serve as an architectural mediation between what was, what is and what there could be.</p>

Classical Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Warring States Period ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Warring States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Chinese Military

Abstract The literature of warfare records the insights of past generations into one of the most harrowing and trying elements of the human experience. The classical works from the Warring States period created the base of military thought in China that also influenced much of East Asia. According to Mao Zedong, these ancient texts bore special importance as literature, sources of study, and inspiration for the people of China. This hard-purchased expertise reflected the experiences of the past that present scholars must carefully study, especially as new works of military thought within the Chinese literary base appeared in the twentieth century, penned and spoken by Mao himself. These new texts demonstrated a steady continuity from the earliest Chinese military-philosophical literature. Most notably, these common concepts included a consistent conceptualization about the role of warfare in society, the importance of complementary opposites, capitalizing on strengths and exploiting weaknesses, and adaptability to changing dynamics. The influence of Mao’s writings ensured these precepts continued to exercise an important influence upon the People’s Republic of China, creating the base of military-philosophical literature in the prc.

Coronavirus management and control: Nutrition and alternative medicines

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110097
Author(s):  
Smita Guha ◽  
Ashok Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Rich ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global Population

Background: In late December 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2, originated in Wuhan Province, the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The rapid and highly infectious virus quickly spread around the country and has become a global pandemic. Thousands of people have been infected, and have died. Scientists around the world are working on the vaccine; however, an effective cure is yet to be developed. Aims: Search to be made on some alternative antiviral components from the rich sources of traditional herbal medicine in India as well as in the PRC. Here we discuss them with references. Methods: The knowledge gained from the literature search of antiviral known herbal products or Ayurvedic medicines that used to be applied against any viral or bacterial infections in the past, may be considered for deployment against COVID-19, and may be rewarded. Results: Many medicinal compounds are extracted from plants and have led to drug discovery. Similarly, plant products and their analogues have been employed as an early line of defense against COVID-19. Conclusion: Research into ethnobotany, phytochemistry, plant physiology and ecology may be important in protecting the global population from current and future pandemics.

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