scholarly journals Examination of Competitive Anxiety and Self-Confidence among College Varsity Athletes

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Howard Z. ZENG ◽  
Raymond W. LEUNG ◽  
Wenhao LIU
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Varsity Athletes ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
Regular Practice

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between competitive anxiety and self-confidence among collegiate varsity athletes. Participants were 96 athletes from a university in the United States, and their sport affiliations included baseball, volleyball, softball, track and field, and gymnastics. The following four questionnaires were administered to the participants: Competitive State Anxiety Inventroy-2, State Sport-Confidence Inventory, Sport Competition Anxiety Test for Adults, and Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory. Data were analyzed by Pearson product-moment correlations. Results showed that athletes who possessed a low level of competitive trait anxiety on a regular practice day tended to have low levels of cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, as well as high levels of state self-confidence and state sport­-confidence on a competition day. In addition, athletes who possessed a high level of trait sport-confidence on a regular practice day tended to have low levels of cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, and high levels of state self­-confidence and state sport-confidence on a competition day. The present investigation also found that cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety were the predictors to estimate athletes’ self-confidence and performance. 本文旨在檢驗大學生運動員的競賽焦慮與自信之間的相關聯繫，研究對象為美國一所大學的九十六名大學生運動員，他們所在的運動隊包括壘球、排球、棒球、田徑和體操。四個調查問卷(其中兩個用於測量競賽焦慮，兩個用來調查運動員的自信心)被用來收集數據。並採用佩爾森運動相關係數檢驗法對數據進行了分析。結果表明:在正常訓練日裡具有低水平特質性競賽焦慮的運動員傾向於在競賽之日具有低水平的認知性焦慮和軀體性焦慮，但具有較高水平的狀態運動性自信心。而在正常的訓練日具 有高水平的特質性運動自信心的運動員傾向於在競賽之日具有低水平的認知性焦慮與軀體性焦慮。本研究也證實了認知性焦慮與軀體性焦慮為兩項預測運動員自信心與競技表現的有效指示。

Identification of Precompetitive Anxiety among Professional Footballers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pakistan’s Context

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rija Kamran
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Somatic State

Background: Precompetitive anxiety refers to an indistinct but unrelenting feeling of uneasiness and dread in hours prior to the competition. Precompetitive anxiety has been shown to affect an athlete at various levels including match performance, sporting injuries, rehabilitation of sports injuries, return to activity and risk or re-injury. It has become a common practice to differentiate between the two common forms of anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of current study was to assess precompetitive anxiety in footballers of Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross section survey was conducted on 58 male footballers aged between 18-26 years. The data was collected from Pakistan football federation club and Fame football club. Total 34 footballers were assessed at the Pakistan football federation club and 24 at the Fame football club. The sampling strategy utilized was non-probability convenience sampling. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months from July 2018 to January 2019. Competitive state anxiety inventory was used to assess precompetitive anxiety 1 hour preceding the competition. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21and results were presented in the form of frequency and percentages. Results: Out of 58 participating footballers, 44.8% (n=26) reported moderate levels of somatic state anxiety, 72.4% (n=42) reported moderate levels of cognitive state anxiety and 48.3% (n=28) reported moderate levels of self-confidence. Conclusion: The study concluded that moderate to low levels of somatic state anxiety, moderate levels of cognitive state anxiety and moderate to high levels of self-confidence were present in majority of participating footballers.

Precompetitive State Anxiety, Objective and Subjective Performance, and Causal Attributions in Competitive Swimmers

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remco Polman ◽  
Naomi Rowcliffe ◽  
Erika Borkoles ◽  
Andrew Levy
Keyword(s):  
Attributional Style ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

This study investigated the nature of the relationship between precompetitive state anxiety (CSAI-2C), subjective (race position) and objective (satisfaction) performance outcomes, and self-rated causal attributions (CDS-IIC) for performance in competitive child swimmers. Race position, subjective satisfaction, self-confidence, and, to a lesser extent, cognitive state anxiety (but not somatic state anxiety) were associated with the attributions provided by the children for their swimming performance. The study partially supported the self-serving bias hypothesis; winners used the ego-enhancing attributional strategy, but the losers did not use an ego-protecting attributional style. Age but not gender appeared to influence the attributions provided in achievement situations.

Relationship between Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Subscale Scores and Pistol Shooting Performance

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gould ◽  
Linda Petlichkoff ◽  
Jeff Simons ◽  
Mel Vevera
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Previous Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
The University

This study examined whether linear or curvilinear (inverted-U) relationships exist between Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 subscale scores and pistol shooting performance in a paradigm that addressed previous design, methodological, and data analysis problems. Officers (N = 39) from the University of Illinois Police Training Institute served as subjects and participated in a pistol shooting competition. Each subject shot on five separate occasions, immediately after completing the CSAI-2 (Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1983), a multidimensional measure of state anxiety. It was predicted that cognitive state anxiety would be more related to performance than would somatic state anxiety. However, relationships between both types of anxiety and performance were predicted to support inverted-U as opposed to linear relationships. Self-confidence was predicted to be positively related to performance. Results were analyzed using the intraindividual analysis procedures recommended by Sonstroem and Bernardo (1982) and showed that cognitive anxiety was not related to performance, somatic anxiety was related to performance in a curvilinear (inverted-U) fashion, and confidence was negatively related to performance.

A Test of Multidimensional Anxiety Theory with Male Wheelchair Basketball Players

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Perreault ◽  
Dan Q. Marisi
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
Multidimensional Anxiety Theory

The purpose of the present field study was to examine the predictions of Multidimensional Anxiety Theory (MAT; Martens et al., 1990) with elite male wheelchair basketball players. Thirty-seven elite male wheelchair basketball players completed the CSAI-II prior to each of three tournament games. Results were analyzed using the intraindividual procedures recommended by Sonstroem and Bernado (1982), and separate polynomial trend analyses were used to test the predictions of MAT. Results did not provide statistical support for MAT in that there were no reliable trends between cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety, state self-confidence, and basketball performance. Avenues for future research are suggested.

Profiles of motivation, fear of failure and anxiety in young handball players: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412097510
Author(s):  
Manuel Gómez-López ◽  
Javier Courel-Ibáñez ◽  
Antonio Granero-Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Function

The aim of this study was to identify distinctive profiles (clusters) of high-level, young handball players according to their motivation, fear of failure and competitive state anxiety. In addition, we examined differences in the distribution of gender, age, and players’ position within each profile. The study participants were 479 young handball players. The age range was 16–17 years old. Players were administered a battery composed of Sport Motivation Scale, Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R, to measure the above-mentioned theoretical constructs. Results showed three different player profiles that the discriminant analysis with canonical correlations grouped into two functions. Function 1 was characterized by those players with the highest values of motivation and self-confidence, and function 2 included those players with lower self-determined motivation, more amotivation, more fear of failure and the highest levels of anxiety. The results provide relevant information for coaches, as they will help them design individualized training programs that will improve athletes' performance, while ensuring their health and well-being.

Intensity and Direction of Competitive State Anxiety as Interpreted by Rugby Players and Rifle Shooters

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheldon Hanton ◽  
Graham Jones ◽  
Richard Mullen
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Contingency Analysis ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rugby Players

This study reports the findings of part of an ongoing research program examining sports performers' interpretations of competitive anxiety prior to competition. The notion of ‘directional perceptions’ has questioned the limited utility of examining only the intensity of competitive anxiety responses as has Jones. The purpose of this study was to examine intensity and direction, i.e., interpretation of intensity as facilitative or debilitative, of anxiety symptoms as a function of two types of sport. The types of sport were explosive (rugby league) versus fine motor skills (target rifle shooting). The sample comprised 50 male rugby league participants and 50 target rifle shooters who completed a modified version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory–2 prior to competition. Contingency analysis yielded a significant difference in the number of rugby players who reported somatic anxiety as facilitative and the number of rifle shooters who reported somatic states as debilitative. No such differences were evident for cognitive anxiety. Analysis of variance Indicated no differences between the two groups on the intensity of cognitive and somatic anxiety, but the performers competing in rugby league interpreted both states as being more facilitative to performance; the rugby league players also had higher scores on self-confidence than the shooters. These findings provide continuing support for the measurement of directional perceptions of competitive anxiety and highlight the importance of examining individual sports.

Using Traditional and Paradoxical Imagery Interventions with Reactant Intramural Athletes

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Carter ◽  
Anita E. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Reactance ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
College Basketball ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
And Control

This study explored the moderating effect of psychological reactance on the success of traditional and paradoxical mental imagery treatments that were aimed at reducing anxiety in athletes. Intramural college basketball players (N = 73) were recruited through advertisements for a free-throw contest, and their anxiety and free-throw performance were measured following treatment in one of three groups: confidence imagery, paradoxical imagery, or control. As predicted, in the paradoxical condition, high-reactant athletes reported having significantly lower somatic state anxiety and significantly higher state self-confidence than did low-reactant athletes. In contrast, high- and low-reactant athletes did not differ in their anxiety scores in both the confidence imagery and control conditions. Results suggested that reactance does moderate the effect of the success of traditional and paradoxical imagery treatments for reducing athletes’ anxiety.

Relations of Goal Orientations and Expectations on Multidimensional State Anxiety

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Newton ◽  
Joan Duda
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
Ego Orientation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Tennis Skills

This study examined the relationships among task and ego orientation, expectations for success, and multidimensional state anxiety in a competitive sport situation. Subjects ( N = 107) enrolled in a tennis skills class were gender- and ability-matched and asked to play an eight game pro-set. One week prior to the match goal orientations were assessed. Immediately prior to competition multidimensional state anxiety and performance expectations were measured. Multiple regression analyses predicting multidimensional state anxiety revealed that somatic and cognitive state anxiety were only predicted by performance expectations. Also, lower ego orientation and positive match expectations were predictive of state self-confidence. Results are interpreted in light of goal perspective theory.

Precompetitive Anxiety and Self-Confidence in Athletes with Disability

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pedro L. Ferreira ◽  
Nikos Chatzisarantis ◽  
Pedro Miguel Caspar ◽  
Maria João Campos
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Patterning ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Athletes With Disabilities ◽  
Anxiety Response ◽  
Paralympic Games

This study examined the precompetition temporal patterning of competitive anxiety components in 42 athletes with disability who participated at the national level and at the national trials for the Paralympic Games in a variety of sports. All subjects completed a modified version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 which measures intensity and direction of the competitive anxiety response on three occasions before competition (1 wk., 2 hr., and 20 min.). Analysis suggested that for cognitive and somatic dimensions athletes with disabilities show a similar precompetition anxiety response to athletes without disability. However, there appear to be some differences, particularly in the intensity of self-confidence, as athletes with disability reported a reduction of self-confidence just prior to competition.

scholarly journals Self-compassion and Pre-competition Anxiety in Martial Arts Student Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohebi ◽  
◽  
Athena Gharayagh Zandi ◽  
Sahar Zarei ◽  
Hassan Gharayagh Zandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Moderating Role

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Self-compassion and precompetitive anxiety among female athlete students. Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study. Two hundred and fifty-three female students (140 taekwondo & 113 karate) were selected among athletes present at the 14th Student Cultural Sports Olympiad. Self-compassion Scale and Competitive State Anxiety–2 were used in this study before competing in games to measure the aforementioned theoretical constructs. Results: The obtained results revealed a significant relationship between pre-competitive anxiety and Self-compassion. Moreover, the components of this characteristic positively predicted self-confidence variance; however, this prediction reversed with somatic and cognitive anxiety. Conclusion: Based on the current study results, Self-compassion plays a moderating role in the pre-competitive anxiety of female martial arts athletes. Therefore, improving this characteristic should be considered to promote self-confidence and reduce the pre-competitive anxiety in these athletes.

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