A Test of Multidimensional Anxiety Theory with Male Wheelchair Basketball Players

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Perreault ◽  
Dan Q. Marisi
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
Multidimensional Anxiety Theory

The purpose of the present field study was to examine the predictions of Multidimensional Anxiety Theory (MAT; Martens et al., 1990) with elite male wheelchair basketball players. Thirty-seven elite male wheelchair basketball players completed the CSAI-II prior to each of three tournament games. Results were analyzed using the intraindividual procedures recommended by Sonstroem and Bernado (1982), and separate polynomial trend analyses were used to test the predictions of MAT. Results did not provide statistical support for MAT in that there were no reliable trends between cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety, state self-confidence, and basketball performance. Avenues for future research are suggested.

Using Traditional and Paradoxical Imagery Interventions with Reactant Intramural Athletes

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Carter ◽  
Anita E. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Reactance ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
College Basketball ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
And Control

This study explored the moderating effect of psychological reactance on the success of traditional and paradoxical mental imagery treatments that were aimed at reducing anxiety in athletes. Intramural college basketball players (N = 73) were recruited through advertisements for a free-throw contest, and their anxiety and free-throw performance were measured following treatment in one of three groups: confidence imagery, paradoxical imagery, or control. As predicted, in the paradoxical condition, high-reactant athletes reported having significantly lower somatic state anxiety and significantly higher state self-confidence than did low-reactant athletes. In contrast, high- and low-reactant athletes did not differ in their anxiety scores in both the confidence imagery and control conditions. Results suggested that reactance does moderate the effect of the success of traditional and paradoxical imagery treatments for reducing athletes’ anxiety.

scholarly journals Examination of Competitive Anxiety and Self-Confidence among College Varsity Athletes

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Howard Z. ZENG ◽  
Raymond W. LEUNG ◽  
Wenhao LIU
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Varsity Athletes ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
Regular Practice

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between competitive anxiety and self-confidence among collegiate varsity athletes. Participants were 96 athletes from a university in the United States, and their sport affiliations included baseball, volleyball, softball, track and field, and gymnastics. The following four questionnaires were administered to the participants: Competitive State Anxiety Inventroy-2, State Sport-Confidence Inventory, Sport Competition Anxiety Test for Adults, and Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory. Data were analyzed by Pearson product-moment correlations. Results showed that athletes who possessed a low level of competitive trait anxiety on a regular practice day tended to have low levels of cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, as well as high levels of state self-confidence and state sport­-confidence on a competition day. In addition, athletes who possessed a high level of trait sport-confidence on a regular practice day tended to have low levels of cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, and high levels of state self­-confidence and state sport-confidence on a competition day. The present investigation also found that cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety were the predictors to estimate athletes’ self-confidence and performance. 本文旨在檢驗大學生運動員的競賽焦慮與自信之間的相關聯繫，研究對象為美國一所大學的九十六名大學生運動員，他們所在的運動隊包括壘球、排球、棒球、田徑和體操。四個調查問卷(其中兩個用於測量競賽焦慮，兩個用來調查運動員的自信心)被用來收集數據。並採用佩爾森運動相關係數檢驗法對數據進行了分析。結果表明:在正常訓練日裡具有低水平特質性競賽焦慮的運動員傾向於在競賽之日具有低水平的認知性焦慮和軀體性焦慮，但具有較高水平的狀態運動性自信心。而在正常的訓練日具 有高水平的特質性運動自信心的運動員傾向於在競賽之日具有低水平的認知性焦慮與軀體性焦慮。本研究也證實了認知性焦慮與軀體性焦慮為兩項預測運動員自信心與競技表現的有效指示。

Precompetitive State Anxiety, Objective and Subjective Performance, and Causal Attributions in Competitive Swimmers

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remco Polman ◽  
Naomi Rowcliffe ◽  
Erika Borkoles ◽  
Andrew Levy
Keyword(s):  
Attributional Style ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

This study investigated the nature of the relationship between precompetitive state anxiety (CSAI-2C), subjective (race position) and objective (satisfaction) performance outcomes, and self-rated causal attributions (CDS-IIC) for performance in competitive child swimmers. Race position, subjective satisfaction, self-confidence, and, to a lesser extent, cognitive state anxiety (but not somatic state anxiety) were associated with the attributions provided by the children for their swimming performance. The study partially supported the self-serving bias hypothesis; winners used the ego-enhancing attributional strategy, but the losers did not use an ego-protecting attributional style. Age but not gender appeared to influence the attributions provided in achievement situations.

Relationship between Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Subscale Scores and Pistol Shooting Performance

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gould ◽  
Linda Petlichkoff ◽  
Jeff Simons ◽  
Mel Vevera
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Previous Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Somatic State ◽  
The University

This study examined whether linear or curvilinear (inverted-U) relationships exist between Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 subscale scores and pistol shooting performance in a paradigm that addressed previous design, methodological, and data analysis problems. Officers (N = 39) from the University of Illinois Police Training Institute served as subjects and participated in a pistol shooting competition. Each subject shot on five separate occasions, immediately after completing the CSAI-2 (Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1983), a multidimensional measure of state anxiety. It was predicted that cognitive state anxiety would be more related to performance than would somatic state anxiety. However, relationships between both types of anxiety and performance were predicted to support inverted-U as opposed to linear relationships. Self-confidence was predicted to be positively related to performance. Results were analyzed using the intraindividual analysis procedures recommended by Sonstroem and Bernardo (1982) and showed that cognitive anxiety was not related to performance, somatic anxiety was related to performance in a curvilinear (inverted-U) fashion, and confidence was negatively related to performance.

Identification of Precompetitive Anxiety among Professional Footballers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pakistan’s Context

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rija Kamran
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Somatic State

Background: Precompetitive anxiety refers to an indistinct but unrelenting feeling of uneasiness and dread in hours prior to the competition. Precompetitive anxiety has been shown to affect an athlete at various levels including match performance, sporting injuries, rehabilitation of sports injuries, return to activity and risk or re-injury. It has become a common practice to differentiate between the two common forms of anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of current study was to assess precompetitive anxiety in footballers of Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross section survey was conducted on 58 male footballers aged between 18-26 years. The data was collected from Pakistan football federation club and Fame football club. Total 34 footballers were assessed at the Pakistan football federation club and 24 at the Fame football club. The sampling strategy utilized was non-probability convenience sampling. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months from July 2018 to January 2019. Competitive state anxiety inventory was used to assess precompetitive anxiety 1 hour preceding the competition. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21and results were presented in the form of frequency and percentages. Results: Out of 58 participating footballers, 44.8% (n=26) reported moderate levels of somatic state anxiety, 72.4% (n=42) reported moderate levels of cognitive state anxiety and 48.3% (n=28) reported moderate levels of self-confidence. Conclusion: The study concluded that moderate to low levels of somatic state anxiety, moderate levels of cognitive state anxiety and moderate to high levels of self-confidence were present in majority of participating footballers.

Participation incentives among US adult, US youth, and Polish adult wheelchair basketball players

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Robert J. Szyman, PhD ◽  
Bartosz Molik, PhD
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Extreme Sports ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Participation Motives ◽  
Task Oriented

Wheelchair basketball may be the world’s oldest and most popular team sport for persons with a physical disability. At present, there are at least eight major international tournaments as well as zonal qualifying tournaments for the Paralympic Games and the Men’s and Women’s Gold Cup under the auspices of the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation. There were two purposes of this study. The first was to evaluate the participation motives of Polish wheelchair basketball players and the second was to compare the participation motives of Polish and American wheelchair basketball players. Data for this study were obtained from two sources: men and women who participated on Polish wheelchair basketball teams and data reported in studies by Brasile and Hedrick.1 In general, the results indicate that the incentives for participation in wheelchair basketball across these samples of players are more similar than dissimilar. The groups have similar mean scores and standard deviations for the task-oriented incentives. Future research may address whether American or European wheelchair basketball players have more similar participation motives than players from Africa, Asia, Australia, or South America or that the participants in noncompetitive sports or extreme sports have similar motives.

Relations of Goal Orientations and Expectations on Multidimensional State Anxiety

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Newton ◽  
Joan Duda
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
Ego Orientation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Tennis Skills

This study examined the relationships among task and ego orientation, expectations for success, and multidimensional state anxiety in a competitive sport situation. Subjects ( N = 107) enrolled in a tennis skills class were gender- and ability-matched and asked to play an eight game pro-set. One week prior to the match goal orientations were assessed. Immediately prior to competition multidimensional state anxiety and performance expectations were measured. Multiple regression analyses predicting multidimensional state anxiety revealed that somatic and cognitive state anxiety were only predicted by performance expectations. Also, lower ego orientation and positive match expectations were predictive of state self-confidence. Results are interpreted in light of goal perspective theory.

Cognitive and Somatic State Anxiety and Self-Confidence in Cheerleading Competition

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel E. Finkenberg ◽  
James N. Dinucci ◽  
E. Donice McCune ◽  
Sandra L. McCune
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Somatic State

77 cheerleaders participating in a national collegiate championship competition were administered the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 immediately prior to performance. Significant correlations were found between cognitive and somatic state anxiety, a finding consistent with previous research. Negative correlations were found between both cognitive and somatic anxiety and self-confidence, also as previously reported. Canonical discriminant analysis indicated that significant discrimination between the teams could be accomplished by a combination of the state-anxiety variables. Both groups, 36 men and 41 women, differed significantly from normative scores on the somatic subscale.

Applications of the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning Model for the Multimodal Treatment of Precompetitive Anxiety

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Somatic State

Effects of a precompetitive anxiety regulation system, based upon tenets of the individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model, multidimensional anxiety theory, and the specific-effects hypothesis, were tested. In Phase I, case studies (3 elite adolescent tennis players) were used to analyze the IZOF model within a multidimensional state anxiety framework. In Phase II, the effectiveness of a precompetitive anxiety regulation system, based upon IZOF and the specific-effects hypothesis, was tested for enhancing match performance. Essential elements of IZOF theory were supported. In Phase II, inzone/out-of-zone A-state assessment was used to guide athletes’ treatment selections. After training athletes in prematch psychological skills designed to regulate specific cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety, and state selfconfidence dimensions, posttreatment performances yielded higher values (ps < .05) than pretreatment. The need to replicate findings through different sample types, sports, and expertise levels was emphasized. Concerns with intrusion into athletes’ precompetitive routines were discussed.

Assessment of Hearing-Impaired Athletes' Anxiety and Self-Perceptions

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Eidson
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Athletic Competence ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Self Worth

70 hearing-impaired basketball players participating in a national basketball tournament completed Neeman and Harter's Self-perception Profile examining their feelings of social acceptance, athletic competence, and global self-worth. In addition, players completed the Sport Competition Anxiety Test for trait anxiety and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory evaluating their cognitive and somatic anxiety as well as their feelings of self-confidence. Correlations indicated an inverse relationship for subjects' ratings of athletic competence with their scores on trait anxiety and rated cognitive and somatic state anxiety. The correlation between rated self-worth and the subjects' feelings of confidence was low and positive. Results are discussed in relation to achievement-motivation theory.

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