scholarly journals 我們該如何存在？——關於超人類主義的若干批判

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Tao LIU
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
The Universe

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. Transhumanism banishes the body from being, which leads to the separation of technology and virtue. In the Confucian view, the body is the symbiosis of technology and virtue, human relations and politics. We can use the notions of “benevolence” and Tao in Confucian ethics to criticize transhumanism. The fundamental problem involved in the debate between Confucianism and transhumanism concerns how human beings define themselves. Confucianists believe that human beings cannot and should not violate certain fundamental restrictions and principles presented by the universe. We should continue to think about what these fundamental restrictions and principles should be, and whether they are likely to be breached with technological progress.

A Rapture of the Nerds? A Comparison between Transhumanist Eschatology and Christian Parousia

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-367
Author(s):  
Roberto Paura
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Point Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Species ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe

Transhumanism is one of the main “ideologies of the future” that has emerged in recent decades. Its program for the enhancement of the human species during this century pursues the ultimate goal of immortality, through the creation of human brain emulations. Therefore, transhumanism offers its fol- lowers an explicit eschatology, a vision of the ultimate future of our civilization that in some cases coincides with the ultimate future of the universe, as in Frank Tipler’s Omega Point theory. The essay aims to analyze the points of comparison and opposition between transhumanist and Christian eschatologies, in particular considering the “incarnationist” view of Parousia. After an introduction concern- ing the problems posed by new scientific and cosmological theories to traditional Christian eschatology, causing the debate between “incarnationists” and “escha- tologists,” the article analyzes the transhumanist idea of mind-uploading through the possibility of making emulations of the human brain and perfect simulations of the reality we live in. In the last section the problems raised by these theories are analyzed from the point of Christian theology, in particular the proposal of a transhuman species through the emulation of the body and mind of human beings. The possibility of a transhumanist eschatology in line with the incarnationist view of Parousia is refused.

scholarly journals The centrality of the Quran in dealing with the phenomenon of divorce: وسطية القرآن الكريم في تعامله مع ظاهرة الطلاق

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaldia abdelkader benyamina
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Human Relationship ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Unusual Event ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

I have tried through my studies to appreciate the efforts of researchers who dealt with the issue of divorce, summarize the sum of their ideas in it or more remind us of our youth and those concerned with the danger of divorce, which has become a strange phenomenon, and an unusual event razed the body of our Muslim society or nearly, despite the existence of what it organizes and limits In the Holy Quran, which emphasized the moderation and moderation in the management of human affairs and the universe, as the provisions and laws surrounded by the Koran divorce aims to maintain human relations based on housing and affection and mercy, and restrict or narrowing the circle of divorce by specifying the number Shots and staging them, and limit the causes and disobedience B who tamper with it and exceed the limits of God, and follow him by restricting and paid by the provisions of the kit and the expense of mediation mediated by divorce and made them a tool of reconciliation and treatment and review more than the tool of separation and division and destruction, without arbitrariness in the kit prolongation of , And in the expense of the husband's insolvency to spend above the cost itself, as well as that the Holy Quran was an average when equated between the parties to the marriage in the request for divorce, and fought Nchuz which disturbs her life and leads to divorce, preventive steps and stages of reform distancing the sex from The power of masculinity and the language of conflict, and remove women from humiliation and humiliation, and maintain the relationship between parents Children. The centrality of the Quran and the moderation of Islam in dealing with divorce are based on its miraculousness, which does not leave a minor or a large one except that it is counted. He did not prohibit divorce so as not to be extreme, and he did not give him absolute permission so as not to be unjust. He was between the custodian of the conditional marriage And he maintained the sanctity of the human relationship in the event of separation between the spouses. He was merciful to the man and he is marrying him, and he is also merciful to him, and he is authorized to divorce him, and he is merciful and he hates this divorce.    

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON ROLE OF PANCHAMABHUTA IN GARBHA UTPATTI

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Prathima ◽  
Hadimane Sushmitha S
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Solid States ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
The Universe

In present days of globalizations all are concentrated in finding basics of transformations or existence. The concept of Panchamahabhuta (five basic elements) has been scientifically explained in Ayurveda. Panchamahabhuta are important components of the body. It is the five basic constituents which exist in the universe and human beings; they are Akasha, Vayu, Agni, Jala and Prithvi. The union of Shukra (sperm) and Shonitha (ovum) and Atma (soul) in the Kukshi (uterus) is designated as Garbha (embryo). The five Mahabhuta (basic elements) play a important role in formation, development and maintenance of Garbha (embryo). The five elements refer to etheric, gaseous, radiant, fluid and solid states of matter. Mahabhutha plays an important role in Garbhautpatti (embryogenesis). It helps in separation and segregation of cell mass, nourishment, structural development etc. The present work is to study the concept of these five elements in embryogenesis.

scholarly journals Makna Filosofi Spasial Horizontal dan Vertikal Rumah Tradisional Duri Di Kabupaten Enrekang

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain ASa ◽  
Ria Wikantaria ◽  
Moh. Mochsen Sira ◽  
Afifah Harisaha ◽  
Abdul Mufti Radja
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Universe

Rumah tradisional Duri berada di kawasan Duri Kompleks Kabupaten Enrekang. Secara visual bentuk rumah tradisional Duri terkesan rumah yang sangat besar, hal ini dikarenakan penggunaan atap yang menjulang tinggi dan batas bawah hampir sejajar dengan jendela. Seiring dengan perkembangan dan kebutuhan akan ruang akhirnya kebanyakan masyarakat Duri membangun rumahnya minimal tiga lantang (petak). Rumah tradisional Duri memiliki banyak arti makna filosofi yang diambil dari penafsiran masyarakat terhadap fenomena alam dan tradisi adat turun menurun dari nenek moyang mereka. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan zaman sebagian besar masyarakat Duri justru tidak mengetahui makna dari filosofi rumah tradisional mereka sendiri. Maka dari itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji salah satu elemen pembentuk dari rumah yakni spasial (ruang) horizontal dan vertikal dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Kendenan Kecamatan Baraka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa makna filosofi spasial horizontal berdasarkan pada pembedaan gender, yang terbagi atas tiga bagian ruang yakni ruang depan (lantang olo) sebagai ruang publik dikhususkan untuk para anggota keluarga laki-laki, ruang tengah (lantang tangnga) sebagai ruang semi publik untuk anggota keluarga perempuan dan ruang belakang (lantang boko’) sebagai ruang privat untuk kepala keluarga beserta istri. Adapun makna filosofi spasial vertikal berdasarkan pada pandangan kosmologi, yang juga terbagi atas tiga bagian ruang yakni bawah atau kolong rumah (bala bola) sebagai manifestasi hubungan manusia dengan alam, badan rumah (kale bola) sebagai manifestasi hubungan manusia dengan manusia dan atap rumah (dea bola) sebagai manifestasi hubungan manusia dengan pencipta semesta.   The traditional Duri house is in the Duri area of ​​the Enrekang Regency complex. Visually the shape of a traditional Duri house impressed a substantial house, and this was due to the use of towering roofs and the lower border almost parallel to the window. Along with the development and the need for space, most of the Duri people built their houses at least three yards (plot). Traditional houses of Duri have many meanings of philosophical meanings taken from people's interpretations of natural phenomena and traditional traditions descending from their ancestors. But along with the development of the times, most Duri people did not know the meaning of their traditional home philosophy. So from that, the purpose of this study is to examine one of the forming elements of the house, namely horizontal and vertical spatial (space) using qualitative descriptive research methods. The research location is in Kendenan Village, Baraka District. The results of this study indicate that the horizontal spatial philosophical meaning is based on gender differentiation, which is divided into three parts, namely the front room (loud olo) as public space specifically for male family members, middle space (lantang tangnga) as semi-public spaces for female family members and back room (lantang boko ') as a private space for the head of the family and his wife. The vertical spatial philosophical meaning is based on the view of cosmology, which is also divided into three parts namely space under or under the house (bala bola) as a manifestation of human relations with nature, the body of the house (kale bola) as a manifestation of human relations with humans and roofs (dea ball) as a manifestation of human relations with the creator of the universe.

scholarly journals رنگوں کےذریعے امراض کا علاج: ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ

Al-Duhaa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Tasnif ullah Khan ◽  
Attaullah Umar Zai
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Deep Yellow ◽  
Mental Properties ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

Allah Almighty has made the life of the world in the Universe perishable. Therefore, he has also made the lives of human beings, animals, birds and insects living on the earth eternal. For the end of their lives, Allah Almighty has made different causes according to his Sunnah. Among these causes of the decline of worldly life are also diseases. On the other hand Allah Almighty has also created means to take life to the appointed time. Among these causes are medicines which can be used to prolong the life of this world till the appointed time. Therefore, along with diseases, Allah Almighty has also revealed to human beings various methods of treatment for diseases. One of these methods is the treatment of colors. Different colors have different effects on human life.  The proof of this is stated in the Holy Quran “The Said! Ask Allah to tell us what color it is. Musa Said! My Allah says: let its color be deep yellow, that it may please the beholders.” Since man is naturally endowed with beauty, Allah Almighty has adorned the universe with colors. This blessing is also mentioned in various places in the Holy Qur’an, as the Almighty says: “Do they not look at the sky above them, how we have made it and adorned it, and there is no crack in it?” “On top of these Paradises will be green garments of cherubim and silk rings and they will be adorned with silver bracelets”. The importance of colors has been mentioned in the Holy Quran. Keeping in view the importance of colors, Azimi Sahib has described the treatment of colors as a natural means of treatment. He has written “Treatment” “Color therapy” and “Theory of Color and Lights”. According to him, due to the excess and deficiency of colors, the human body suffers from various diseases. And if the deficiency and excess of the desired color in the body is corrected, the disease can be got rid of. Sunlight and rays help to eliminate abuse. Describing the mental properties of red, he has called it the color of courage and love. When things go awry and expectations are dashed, red dominates the mental center. The red color in the center of the red is an indication of abnormal emotional attachment or emotional trauma. People in the red color are in moderation, they help others and use all their abilities in their favorite hobbies.

scholarly journals “Putrid Boils and Sores, and Burning Wounds in the Body”: The Valorization of Health and Illness in Late Antique Manichaeism

2016 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Baker-Brian
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Complex Spectrum ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Universe

Recent publications concerned with attitudes to the human body in the religion of Mani have revealed a complex spectrum of ideas. A reading of the “Manichaean body” informed by a gnostic polarity of flesh versus spirit has been largely rejected, and a more complex, ambivalent portrayal of the body, shaped by specific cosmological and theological readings of its origin and purpose, has come to light. New interpretive tools and approaches have changed perceptions of classical texts and revealed how the “subjugated, perfected [Manichaean body was] put into use in the process of salvation.” For example, rereading chapter 70 of the Coptic work theKephalaia of the Teacher, we encounter a complex lesson that betrays the Manichaeans’ understanding of the dual heritage of the human body. Here the Mani of theKephalaiainstructs his disciples about the correspondences that exist between the fleshly body and the universe and formulates them in a manner that suggests a simultaneous patterning of the two forms: “Mani says to his disciples: ‘This whole universe, above and below, reflects the pattern of the human body; as the formation of this body of flesh accords to the pattern of the universe’” (70.169.28–170.1). The organs and limbs of the body resemble specific astral structures and elements in the universe, and both body and universe are afflicted by a range of competing powers. Chapter 70 offers a melothesiac reading of these archontic powers as zodiacal signs fused with the organs, bones, and sinews of the body (cf. chapter 69). As archons they exercise a malevolent influence over the flesh. However, they are also constantly in conflict with each other, and the cause of bodily sickness lies in their “creeping, and moving within the body. . . [where] they shall beset and destroy one another. . . they shall erupt from the body of the person who will die; and make putrid boils and sores and burning wounds in the body” (70.175.12–14, 16–18). Leaving such colorful descriptions of lesions aside, chapter 70 also indicates that human beings, specifically the Manichaean elect, possess enormous potential as the ones who are able to facilitate the release of the “light” by subduing the activities of the “five camps” (i.e., the face, heart, genitalia, stomach, and ground).

All Animals Are Equal, or Are They? The Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ’s Animal Epistle and its Unhappy End

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarra Tlili
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Final Outcome ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Privileged Status

The Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ’s animal epistle is an intriguing work. Although in the body of the narrative the authors challenge anthropocentric preconceptions and present nonhuman animals in a more favourable light than human beings, inexplicably, the narrative ends by reconfirming the privileged status of humans. The aim of this paper is to propose an explanation for this discrepancy. I argue that the egalitarian message reflected in the body of the narrative is traceable back to the Qur'an, the main text with which the authors engage in the fable, whereas the final outcome is due to the Ikhwān's hierarchical worldview.

‘A pinch of unseen, unguarded dust’: The World and Self in Thomas Hardy's Poems

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Monika Szuba
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Recurrent Theme ◽  
Body Subject

The essay discusses selected poems from Thomas Hardy's vast body of poetry, focusing on representations of the self and the world. Employing Maurice Merleau-Ponty's concepts such as the body-subject, wild being, flesh, and reversibility, the essay offers an analysis of Hardy's poems in the light of phenomenological philosophy. It argues that far from demonstrating ‘cosmic indifference’, Hardy's poetry offers a sympathetic vision of interrelations governing the universe. The attunement with voices of the Earth foregrounded in the poems enables the self's entanglement in the flesh of the world, a chiasmatic intertwining of beings inserted between the leaves of the world. The relation of the self with the world is established through the act of perception, mainly visual and aural, when the body becomes intertwined with the world, thus resulting in a powerful welding. Such moments of vision are brief and elusive, which enhances a sense of transitoriness, and, yet, they are also timeless as the self becomes immersed in the experience. As time is a recurrent theme in Hardy's poetry, this essay discusses it in the context of dwelling, the provisionality of which is demonstrated in the prevalent sense of temporality, marked by seasons and birdsong, which underline the rhythms of the world.

An ayurvedic tablet formulation for ulcer protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Shiva Kumar K ◽  
Purushothaman M ◽  
Soujanya H ◽  
Jagadeeshwari S
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
System A ◽  
The World

Gastric ulcers or the peptic ulcer is the primary disease that affects the gastrointestinal system. A large extent of the population in the world are suffering from the disease, and the age group of people those who suffer from ulcers are 20-55years. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs. Practitioners have been using the herbal material to treat the ulcers successfully, and the same had been reported scientifically. Numerous publications have been made that proves the antiulcer activity of the plants around the world. The tablets were investigated for the antiulcer activity in two doses 200 and 400mg/kg in albino Wistar rats in the artificial ulcer those are induced by the ethanol. The prepared tablets showed a better activity compared to the standard synthetic drug and the marketed ayurvedic formulation. The tablets showed a dose-dependent activity in ulcer prevention and treatment. Many synthetic drugs are available for the ulcer treatment, and the drugs pose the other problems in the body by showing the side effects and some other reactions. This limits the use of synthetic drugs to treat ulcers effectively. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs.

Influence of Ascorbic Acid on the Structure and Function of Alpha-2- macroglobulin: Investigations using Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Syed Saqib Ali ◽  
Mohammad Khalid Zia ◽  
Tooba Siddiqui ◽  
Haseeb Ahsan ◽  
Fahim Halim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
And Function

Background: Ascorbic acid is a classic dietary antioxidant which plays an important role in the body of human beings. It is commonly found in various foods as well as taken as dietary supplement. Objective: The plasma ascorbic acid concentration may range from low, as in chronic or acute oxidative stress to high if delivered intravenously during cancer treatment. Sheep alpha-2- macroglobulin (α2M), a human α2M homologue is a large tetrameric glycoprotein of 630 kDa with antiproteinase activity, found in sheep’s blood. Methods: In the present study, the interaction of ascorbic acid with alpha-2-macroglobulin was explored in the presence of visible light by utilizing various spectroscopic techniques and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Results: UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy suggests the formation of a complex between ascorbic acid and α2M apparent by increased absorbance and decreased fluorescence. Secondary structural changes in the α2M were investigated by CD and FT-IR spectroscopy. Our findings suggest the induction of subtle conformational changes in α2M induced by ascorbic acid. Thermodynamics signatures of ascorbic acid and α2M interaction indicate that the binding is an enthalpy-driven process. Conclusion: It is possible that ascorbic acid binds and compromises antiproteinase activity of α2M by inducing changes in the secondary structure of the protein.

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