scholarly journals TOKSISITAS INSEKTISIDA NABATI DARI FAMILI ASTERACEAE, ANACARDIACEAE, DAN EUPHORBIACEAE TERHADAP Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hendrival Hendrival ◽  
Mentari Setia Ningsih ◽  
Chodirun Chodirun ◽  
Anggra Wismawati
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata

Sitophilus oryzae merupakan hama utama pada berbagai jenis biji-bijian pangan seperti beras, gabah, gandum, dan jagung di penyimpanan. Pengendalian hama S. oryzae dengan insektisida sintetik banyak dilakukan secara fumigasi secara terus-menerus dapat mengakibatkan berbagai dampak negatif seperti toksisitas pada konsumen dan resistensi S. oryzae. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas insektisida nabati dari serbuk daun C. odorata, T. erecta, J. curcas, dan A. occidentale terhadap mortalitas S. oryzae. Konsentrasi serbuk daun C. odorata, T. erecta, J. curcas, dan A. occidentale yaitu 2,5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, dan 160 mg/g padi serta kontrol. Hubungan antara konsentrasi serbuk daun C. odorata, T. erecta, J. curcas, dan A. occidentale dan waktu kematian dari konsentrasi serbuk insektisida nabati terhadap kematian imago S. oryzae dianalisis dengan analisis probit.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Serbuk daun J. curcas memiliki sekitar 3,59 kali lebih beracun dibandingkan serbuk daun A. occidentale, 4,38 kali lebih beracun dibandingkan serbuk daun T. erecta, 8,04 kali lebih beracun dibandingkan serbuk daun C. odorata terhadap S. oryzae.  Serbuk daun J. curcas menyebabkan waktu kematian S. oryzae paling cepat dibandingkan serbuk daun A. occidentale, T. erecta, dan C. odorata.  Urutan toksisitas insektisida nabati terhadap imago S. oryzae yaitu J. curcas > A. occidentale > T. erecta > C. odorata.Kata kunci: Sitophilus oryzae, Chromolaena odorata, Tagetes erecta, Jatropha curcas, Anacardium occidentale, toksisitas insektisida nabati

scholarly journals Utilization of Asteraceae family as medicinal plant by local community of hutan pinus Jantho nature reserve, Aceh Besar

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LIZA FADHILLAH ◽  
SAIDA RASNOVI ◽  
ZAIRIN THOMY
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Rural Appraisal

The use of medicinal plants by local communities is an ethnobotany study that links the culture of the community with the resources of plants that are around it. A study on the utilization of medicinal plants in the Hutan Pinus Jantho Nature Reserve was conducted with the aim of obtaining information about the types of medicinal plants used by local communities around Hutan Pinus Jantho Nature Reserve. This study applies the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method for interviews conducted by Purposive Sampling. The parameters measured are; parts of medicinal plants used, method of processing, method of use, and location of the collection. According to interview, it found about 10 species of Asteraceae those have medical potential, 3 of them already use by the local community of CAHPJ, these are Blumea balsamifera L., Chromolaena odorata L., and Tagetes erecta L., these species could cure the wound, heal the cold, fever, stomachache and other diseases.

scholarly journals Scarification of Exotic and Indigenous Plant Seeds in Nigeria: Effect on Dormancy and Germination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amodu Emmanuel ◽  
Osuolale Olayinka
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Control Experiment ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Favourable Result ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Plant Produce

ABSTRACTDormancy is exhibited in many seed producing plants. It could be endogenous or exogenous, depending on the plant and the type of seed the plant produce. A survival strategy, plant use to conserve their genetic materials during unfavourable conditions. Scarification treatments has been used in this work to break the dormancy ofAnacardium occidentale, Annona muricata, Jatropha curcas, Tamarindus indicaandArtocarpus heterophyllususing 65% Nitric acid (HNO3), 65% Sulphuric acid (H2SO4), 0.5% Potassium tetraoxosulphate(VI) (K2SO4), 0.5% Urea (CH4N2O), 43% Ethanol (C2H6O) and Distilled water. Nitric acid (65% HNO3) produced the best result forAnacardium occidentalewith high numbers of seedlings and a germination period of 15 days.Jatropha curcasdid not produce a favourable result from the treatments.Tamarindus indica,water treatment produced the best result with six days of germination shorter than the controlled value (16 days). Nitric acid (65% HNO3) and water favorAnnona muricatawith germination period of 19 days as against 24 days for control experiment. Water and Potassium sulphate are the best treatments forArtocarpus heterophyllusas they produce viable seedlings with short germination period of 14 and 15 days which give a good result better than the 18 days of the control experiment.

scholarly journals Influence of several plant extracts on the oviposition behaviour of Aedes fluviatilis (Lutz) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the laboratory

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotraut A. G. B. Consoli ◽  
Nelymar M. Mendes ◽  
J. P. Pereira ◽  
Bernadete S. Santos ◽  
Marlúcia A. Lamounier
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Anacardic Acid ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Aedes Fluviatilis ◽  
Chara Zeylanica

Whole, ethanolic, hexanic, lyophilized extracts of several plants and anacardic acid tested in respect of their influence on the oviposition behavior of Aedes fluviatilis (Lutz) at 100, 10 and 1 ppm concentrations. Extracts of Allium stivum, Jatropha curcas, Mikania schenkii, Poinciana regia and Spatodea campanulata had a repulsive effect (α=0.05) on females at 100 ppm, those of Anacardium occidentale, Bidens segetum and Caesalpinia peltophoroides were also repelent at 10 ppm. Extracts of Coriandrum sativum (100, 10 and 1 ppm), Chara Zeylanica (10 ppm), Cupressus sempervirens (10 ppm), Foeniculum vulgare (10 ppm) and Spatodea campanulata (1 ppm) were attractive to the females; 13 (52.0%) of the extracts tested, did not influence the oviposition behavior.

Identifikasi Jenis Tumbuhan dari Famili Asteraceae Di Kawasan Wisata Irenggolo Kediri

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Ida Rahmawati ◽  
Tutut Indah Sulistiyowati
Keyword(s):  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis

Irenggolo merupakan kawasan wisata air terjun yang terletak di pegunungan Wilis. Kawasan ini memiliki keragaman flora yang cukup baik, salah satunya adalah famili Asteraceae. Famili ini memiliki anggota yang sangat beragam. Penelitian tentang tumbuhan Asteraceae dikawasan ini belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan dari famili Asteraceae yang hidup di kawasan Irenggolo. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Visual Encounter Survey pada empat area yang berbeda. Hasil pengamatan diperoleh 13 jenis tumbuhan dari famili Asteraceae dengan tiga tribe yaitu, Sphagneticola trilobata, Galinsoga parviflora, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Cosmos sulphureus, Tagetes erecta, Sonchus wightianus, Conyza bonariensis, Ageratum conyzoides, Dahlia pinnata, Bidens pilosa, Zinnia elegans, Chromolaena odorata, serta Eupatorium capillifolium.   Kata kunci: famili, Asteraceae, tumbuhan

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Species Complex: Pathogen Causing Anthracnose, Gummosis and Die-Back Diseases of Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale L.) In Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Muntala ◽  
P. M. Norshie ◽  
K. G. Santo ◽  
C. K. S. Saba
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Species Complex

A survey was conducted in twenty-five cashew (Anacardium occidentale) orchards in five communities in the Dormaa-Central Municipality of Bono Region of Ghana to assess the incidence and severity of anthracnose, gummosis and die-back diseases on cashew. Cashew diseased samples of leaves, stem, inflorescences, twigs, flowers, nuts and apples showing symptoms (e. g. small, water-soaked, circular or irregular yellow, dark or brown spots or lesions on leaves, fruits and flowers, sunken surface, especially on the apples, blight, gum exudates) were collected for isolation of presumptive causative organism. The pathogen was isolated after disinfecting the excised diseased pieces in 70% ethanol, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 28 oC for 3 to 7 days. The identity of the putative pathogen was morphologically and culturally confirmed as belonging to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex using standard mycological identification protocols. The pathogen had varied conidia sizes of between 9-15 up to 20 μm in length and diameter of 3-6 μm. The conidia were straight and cylindrically shaped with rounded or obtuse ends. The septate mycelium was whitish-grey, velvety and cotton-like in appearance from the top. The results confirmed the presence of the pathogen in the orchards with incidence ranging from 6.9% and 14.0% for gummosis and averaged 22.9% for anthracnose infected orchards. The result of the pathogenicity test confirmed the isolates to be pathogenic on inoculated cashew seedlings and were consistently re-isolated, thereby establishing the pathogen as the true causal agent of the said diseases in cashew trees and thus completed the Koch’s postulate.

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