Politeness Strategies in Political Language

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Isnaini ◽  
Busmin Gurning ◽  
Edy Setia
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Positive Strategy ◽  
Distance Relationship ◽  
Negative Strategy

This study deals with politeness strategies in political language. The aim of the study is to describe how Indonesian politicians realize politeness in their language. The subject was taken nine parties who have representatives. They come from different parties: Democrat, Golkar, PDIP, PKS, PPP, PKB, PAN, Gerindra and Hanura. Data were classified and verified with reference to the criteria of politeness strategies as determined by Brown & Levinson (1987); cover the bald on record strategy, positive strategy, negative strategy and off-record strategy. The finding show that there were four types of politeness strategies used by Politicians in different of types of illocutionary acts; positive strategy, bald on record strategy, negative strategy, and off-record strategy. The most dominant type of politeness strategies used was positive strategy. The most dominant type was due to fact that speakers in interaction try to get closer the hearers. They use the group identity marker in addressing someone so there is no distance relationship between the speaker and hearer. They also gave the reasons when they speak in order to satisfy the hearer. Key words: politician; political language; politeness strategy

scholarly journals An Analysis of Politeness in Teacher's Utterances in an English Classroom

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Risal Risal ◽  
Hanna Hanna ◽  
Tambunan Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
English Classroom ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of this research were three-fold: to explore the types of politeness uttered by the teacher, to analyze the most predominant type of politeness uttered, and to explore the strategies of politeness uttered by the teacher in an English classroom. This research employed a descriptive qualitative analysis. The subject of this research was an English teacher of MAN 1 Kolaka. This research was conducted with two cohorts; they were class XII.IA-2 and class XII.IA-4. The data were collected from three observations and recordings of teacher’s utterances. As many as 117 politeness utterances were identified, encompassing 55 positive politeness utterances, 45 negative politeness utterances, 6 bald on record utterances and 1 off record utterance. There were 17 strategies of politeness used by the English teacher. The most predominant type of politeness was positive politeness, including the strategies of exaggerating sympathy with the Hearer, which was used 3 times, including both the Speaker and the Hearer 6 times, giving gifts to Hearer 26 times, being optimistic 10 times, offering 2 times, notice attend to Hearer 4 times, using group identity mark 3 times, and Intensifying interest to the hearer 1 time.Keywords:Pragmatics, Politeness Strategies, Teacher’s Utterances, English Classroom

scholarly journals Politeness Strategies in EFL Classroom Context: Avoiding Future Conflict and Maintain the Harmony of Diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Elita Sembiring ◽  
Srisofian Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
Similar Position ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Positive Strategy ◽  
Research Students ◽  
Negative Strategy

The research aims to investigate the politeness in language and action by students of Letters Faculty at Methodist University. Seeing the students from different etnic, religion, and culture, should be understanding and well manage to avoid future conflict and maintain the harmony of diversity among them. The research was done in the fifth-semester Cross Cultural Understanding class of Letters Faculty, The Methodist University of Indonesia. The researchers used a qualitative approach by observing the activities of students and recording their utterances during responding to the point of view. The result shows that the students applied the four types of politeness strategies in responding to context of avoiding conflict and maintain the harmony. The types are bald on record strategy, positive strategy, negative strategy and off record strategy. From the four types of politeness strategies, bald on record strategy is dominantly used by students. It is due to the students have a similar position, and it seems that no distance between them. All the communications are between students to students. For a reason, saying something directly and to the point are frequently used. Being polite should be in words and actions. From the research, students are polite in words but not in action.   . 

scholarly journals STRATEGI KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA PADA MASYARAKAT BANJAR

MABASAN ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Rissari Yayuk
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study titled politeness strategies in Banjar community. The problem raised is how a form of politeness strategies in Banjar community. The purpose was to determine the form of politeness strategies in Banjar community. Methods of research on the subject of politeness strategies in Banjar community is using descriptive method. Collecting data in Bamban village of months of February and March 2016. The results of the research is a form of politeness strategies in Banjar community includes attention to what is needed or preferred opponent said, using solidarity or group identity through a greeting or jargon , offer or promise anything , to avoid overlapping, and clowning. 

Improving Students’ Achievement in Reading Comprehension Through Advance Organizer Strategy

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuti Andriani Siregar ◽  
Didik Santoso ◽  
Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Advance Organizer ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Passing Grade

This study deals with the improvement of the students’ achievement in reading comprehension through advance organizer strategy. The objectives of this research were to improve the students’ achievement in reading comprehension as well as the process of learning reading comprehension by using advance organizer strategy.  The subject of the study was grade XI IPA 2 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Binjai consisting of 33 students. The data of this study were obtained by using test, observation sheets and interview. This research was conducted in two cycles because in the pre-test (without treatment), the average of the students’ score was 59,24. In the first cycle test, it was 74,30. It is lower than the minimum passing grade, and if is viewed from the observation sheets, the situation of the learning process hasn’t met the criteria of the success. So the writer continued to the second cycle. There was a significant progress on the students’ achievement in reading comprehension in the second cycle, and the average of the students was 82,94. The students were more active and enthusiastic in following the lesson. Therefore, the teaching reading comprehension through advance organizer strategy can improve the students’ achievement in reading comprehension quantitatively and qualitatively. Key words:  improving, reading comprehension, advance organizer strategy.

Educación y valores

2014 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Sabino de Juan López
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Problem Of The Criterion

RESUMEN En el artículo se ofrece una reflexión en torno a la educación y valores. Tras una referencia a los diferentes sentidos en que se puede plantear el problema en función de la forma como se puede entender la relación entre los dos sustantivos “educación” y “valores”, la reflexión se centra en algunos problemas relacionados con los valores en cuanto contenidos de la educación. Primeramente se refiere al problema del criterio en función del cual determinar los valores de la educación, concluyendo en que el criterio no podía ser ni de carácter a priori, ni empírico, sino “sintético”. A continuación, se afronta el problema del principio, de la fuente de los valores, o la concreción del criterio de los valores de la educación, entendiendo que éstos deberían ser determinados a partir del sujeto de la educación. Se concluye con la referencia a una exigencia de los valores de la educación, la configuración de una totalidad unitaria e interactiva. Palabras clave: educación, valores, fuente de valores, integración, cultura EDUCATION AND VALUES ABSTRACT The article offers a reflection on education and values. After a reference to the different senses in which one can pose the problem in terms of how you can understand the relationship between the two nouns “education” and “values”, reflection focuses on some problems related to the values in the contents of education. First, it concerns the problem of the criterion against which to determine the values of education, concluding that the criterion could be neither a priori in nature, not empirical, but “synthetic”. Herein, the problem of principle is faced, the source of values, or the realization of the criterion of the values of education, understanding that these should be determined from the subject of education. It concludes with the reference of a requirement of the values in education, setting up a unitary and interactive whole. Key Words: education, values , power values , integration, culture

HUBUNGAN ANTARA JIWA WIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA DENGAN MOTIVASI, LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PENDIDIKAN PADA POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA KAMPUS BEKASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Darmawan Darmawan ◽  
Jajang Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Set Up

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="justify"><em>Today, the growth of economic level begins to rise again that is generated by the increase of   different kind of product and different kind of businesses that are offered by both individual businesses that are done easly independently. To deal with all of business trends, the education institution has to prepare the students to be able to set up a business idenpendedntly through the subject of entrepeuneurship.  As it is regulated in Vision and Mision of study program and is also regulated in the curriculum of lectures. </em><em></em></p><p align="justify"><em>This research is aimed at to find out the correlation between the spirit of entrepeunership and motivation , Family background, and education level. Based on the research result, the finding showed that the spirit of entrepeneurship correlated with the motivation and family background. Based on the finding, it was also found that education level did not correlate with that the spirit of entrepeneurship. In regard with the findings, it is important to develop more the motivation of students to touch up the sperit of entrepenuership. </em><em></em></p><p align="justify"> </p><p><em>Key words: Entrepenuer, Students, Entrepeuneurship. </em></p>

КУЛЬТУРНО-МИСТЕЦЬКА СПАДЩИНА УКРАЇНИ В НОВИХ СУСПІЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНИХ ОБСТАВИНАХ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Admink Admink
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Artistic Life ◽  
The Subject

Аналізується тематичний ряд наукових статей, надісланих до фахового, науко-метричного збірника «Українська культура: минуле, сучасне, шляхи розвитку», Вип. 30 («мистецтвознавство»), виявляється проблематика, що є предметом наукового зацікавлення дослідників.Ключові слова: науковий пошук, культурно-мистецьке життя, сучасність, історична ретроспектива, міжкультурний вимір. The thematic number of scientific articles is sent to the professional, scientific and metric digest «Ukrainian Culture: Past, Present, Ways of Development» (vol.30, "Art Studies") and analyzed. The issues, which are the subject of scientific interest of researchers, are revealed. Key words: scientific search, cultural and artistic life, modernity, historical retrospective, intercultural dimension. Key words: scientific search, cultural and artistic life, modernity, historical retrospective, intercultural dimension.  

The concept and basis of responsibility in international cargo transportation by sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (06) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Aytac İlham qızı Cəfərova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
The Republic

The article examines the concept and basis of responsibility in international sea freight. The relations arising in international cargo transportation by sea have a direct impact on the subject area of the institution of responsibility in this area. First of all (prima facie), the carrier and the consignor have mutual rights and obligations. However, the legal relationship between the consignee and the consignor also affects the legal relationship with the carrier, and the carrier acts as the main subject of the relevant liability. Accompanying the guilty and innocent carrier in international cargo transportation by sea is the responsibility. In both cases, the legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan contains appropriate forms of liability. However, there is a need in the legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan to bring absolute or objective responsibility in line with international law. In particular, the liability provisions of the legislation on sea freight must include an "institution of liability", formed in accordance with the "immunity catalog" or "exclusion catalog". In this case, the carrier is absolutely responsible for everything that does not belong to the "immunity catalog", and the problem of liability for guilt is not the subject of discussion. Key words: conosament, liability, international carriage, carriage of goods by sea, Hamburg rules, legislation, conventions norms, Rotterdam Rules, law

scholarly journals INFORMALITY AS POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN REQUEST OF ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM OF RIAU ISLANDS UNIVERSITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suswanto Ismadi Megah
Keyword(s):  
English Education ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
English Department ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Young Sister ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Negative Face ◽  
Homogeneous Data

This study was aimed to identify the informality of request as politeness strategies used by the students of English Education study Program (English department) of Unrika Batam.The data was obtained from request spoken by the student of English department students. The data taken based on cluster sampling due the homogeneous data. The data was students of morning class of semester seven. This study concluded that The usage of bu, ma, mah (means mother)  five data and yah, pak, and pa (means father or daddy), the speaker respects to the hearer’s face by addressing her as mom. This considered her position is upper position; this does not threaten her face. This is used informally to her mother in relaxed situation. The usage of imperative sentences are four data when the hearer asks her young sister  to take the glass, then the subject asks her big sister to buy her dress, when she asks her young sister to take chilly and when the subject ask the money to pay rental house. This sentences forces her face’s hearer. This shows negative face. The last is speaker states “adek” young sister to her father means to soften request to her father due to the father will usually fulfill the young child.

scholarly journals Illocutionary Acts in Online Airline Advertising Slogans

Lexicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isnain Arrosid ◽  
Aris Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Online Advertising ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Illocutionary Act ◽  
Online Advertisements ◽  
Research Show

This research attempts to examine the illocutionary acts used in airline slogans taken from online airlines advertisements and investigate the most dominant illocutionary acts used in the slogans. The data were collected from online advertisements from November 2015 until January 2016. The results of the research show that four types of illocutionary acts are used in the slogans: directives, expressives, commissives and assertives with three patterns of illocutionary acts: Assertives entailing expressives, commissives entailing expressives and directives entailing expressives. Based on the findings, the most dominant type of illocutionary acts used was assertives with 40 occurrences (70%). Claiming is an assertive illocutionary act that was used most frequently in the slogans. This is in line with the main aim of advertising, i.e., persuading people. No declarative illocutionary act was found in the slogans since it is hard to fill the mode of achievement of a declarative in online advertising which changes the hearer’s status.

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