Presupposition Triggers in Editorials of the Jakarta Post

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Surya Fitriani ◽  
Sri Minda Murni
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Definite Description ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Counterfactual Conditional ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Conditional Sentence ◽  
Presupposition Triggers ◽  
Post Online ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the study were to find out: (1) the realization of presupposition triggers in editorials of The Jakarta Post (2) the reasons for using presupposition triggers. The study was descriptive qualitative. The source of data was The Jakarta Post online website. The data of the study were the sentences or clause which triggered the presupposed meaning in editorials. The data were identified, analyzed, and categorized based on Levinson’s theory. The findings of the study showed that: (1) 12 from 13 presupposition triggers were found namely: definite description, factive verb, implicative verb, change of state verbs, judging verbs, iterative item, cleft sentences, questions, temporal clause, comparison clause, counterfactual conditional sentence and non-restrictive relative clause, while implicit cleft with stressed constituents was not found. (2) The reasons were a) commonly to present the background information which is assumed to be true, b) to recall the readers toward the information of the event that they have not unintentionally acknowledged, c) to interpret the editorialists’ attitude on the fact of the event and d) to awaken the readers’ curiosity to the questioning things.   Keywords: Editorials, Presupposition Triggers, Levinson theory.

scholarly journals PRESUPPOSITION TRIGGERS IN THE WASHINGTON POST AND LOST ANGELES TIMES ONLINE NEWS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Khairani Ade Guswita ◽  
Pratomo Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Definite Description ◽  
Online News ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Restrictive Clause ◽  
Presupposition Triggers ◽  
Post Online

   The aim of this study is to analyze the use of presupposition triggers in the Washington Post and Los Angeles Times online news. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. The sources of this study are the Washington Post and Lost Angeles Times news on the internet. The data were analyzed based on the theory about presupposition triggers from Levinson (1983) and Yule (1996). The data collection method in this study is Metode Simak and Metode Catat which are proposed by Sudaryanto (2018). The result of this study is the most dominant types of triggers presuppositions which found in the Washington Post online news is a definite description with 29 occurrences (26%) and 37 occurrences (24%)in Lost Angeles online news. Both the Washington Post and Los Angeles Times online news use the clef-construction as part of the lexical and non-restrictive clause as part of structural which more dominant than others. Otherwise, the distinction on two online is conventional times which only appeared in the Los Angeles Times.  

scholarly journals The problem of Presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Faizal Risdianto ◽  
Noor Malihah ◽  
Agung Guritno
Keyword(s):  
Definite Description ◽  
George Orwell ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Animal Farm ◽  
Referential Function ◽  
Presupposition Triggers

This research attempts to investigate the pragmatics presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm. Specifically, it tries to identify and classify the presupposition used in conversation in Orwell’s novella. The identification is based on the presupposition triggers and classification based on six type of presupposition. The research also attempts to analyze the function in the use of presupposition in conversation. The data in this research are in form of utterances containing presupposition. Based on the classification of six presupposition types according to Yule's theory (1996), 180 presuppositions are found: 69 (38,3%) existential triggered by definite description and possessive construction, 35 (19,4%) lexical triggered by change of state verb; implicative predicate; iterative, 53 (29,4%) structural triggered by WH-question, 4 (2,2%) factive triggered by factive verb/predicate aware glad and 19 (10,6%) non-factive triggered by the verb dream imagine. Based on the six language function by Jakobson (1960), there are 5 functions of presupposition in the novella which are, 57 (47, 9%) referential, 33(27,7%) emotive, 25(21,1%) conative, 3(2,5%) poetic and 1 (0,8%) phatic. In this research, the practice of referential function in applying presupposition is considered as the most frequent.Keywords: Presupposition, presupposition triggers, Novella, George Orwell

scholarly journals Pragmatics Analysis of Presupposition as Found in The Tagline of Horror Movie Posters

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Yelmi Roza ◽  
Ayumi Ayumi
Keyword(s):  
Definite Descriptions ◽  
Counterfactual Conditional ◽  
Existential Presupposition ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Presupposition Triggers

This research is about pragmatics analysis of presupposition as found in the tagline of horror movie posters. This research aimed to discover presupposition triggers and type of presupposition in the tagline of horror movie posters. In this research, the data were collected by downloading 14 taglines in horror movie posters. Then, the data downloaded were divided according to the presupposition triggers and the types of presuppositions. The data were analyzed using two theories, presupposition triggers by Kartunnen (1973) and Yule’s presupposition types (1996). The result of the analysis shows an argument and a table. The results show that from 42 presupposition triggers found in the tagline of horror movie posters, definite descriptions are the most dominant presupposition triggers. Other presupposition triggers are the change of state verbs, factive verb, and counterfactual conditional. Meanwhile,  out of 6 types of presuppositions, there are only four types of presuppositions found in the tagline of horror movie posters: existential presupposition, lexical presupposition, factive presupposition, and counterfactual presupposition. 

scholarly journals PRESUPPOSITION IN THE JAKARTA POST�S POLITICAL ARTICLES: A PRAGMATICS APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Fahrus Zaman Fadhly ◽  
Ayu Putri Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Definite Descriptions ◽  
Daily Newspaper ◽  
Counterfactual Conditionals ◽  
Existential Presupposition ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Presupposition Triggers ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study is aimed to investigate presupposition in The Jakarta Post daily newspaper�s articles in political column. It covers two problems: types of presupposition and triggers of presupposition. Those problems were identified by applying presupposition theory. The data were interpreted by using descriptive qualitative method since it intended to describe a large number of sentences, clauses and phrases rather than numbers. The result of the study showed that the most frequent was existential presupposition with 202 occurences (78.59%), followed by factive presupposition with 2 occurences (0.79%), lexical presupposition with 36 occurences (14%), structural presupposition with 11 occurences (4.28%), non-factive presupposition with 2 occurences (0.79%) and counterfactual presupposition with 4 occurrences (1.56%). Besides, the study also showed the existence of 691 presupposition triggers which consisted of 631 definite descriptions (90.92%), 2 factive items (0.28%) which was similar to the existence of change of state verbs, 6 implicative verbs (0.86%), 6 itteratives (0.86%), 21 temporal (3.02%), 13 comparisons and contrast (1.87%), 8 questions (1.15%) and 3 counterfactual conditionals (0.43%). Finally, the findings showed that both types and triggers of presuppositions were related each other.Keywords: presupposition, types of presupposition, triggers of presupposition, political column, The Jakarta Post.

Grammatical Problems In Introduction Section Of Thesis Written By English Literature Students

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Silvia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Writing Studies ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Teaching Grammar ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<p><em>Introduction section is the first section of the thesis that has an important role which summarizes background information about the topic. The ability to write a clear and concise introduction section of a thesis is indispensable skill to writers; thus it is essential for students to be aware of linguistic aspects of writing. Past literature in writing studies have shown that although many studies have been written about the grammatical errors and mistakes in writing, there is very little research done on grammatical problems in writing introduction section of thesis. This research was a descriptive qualitative research which aimed to analyze grammatical problems found in the introduction section of thesis written by English literature students at STIBA Persada Bunda Pekanbaru. The source of data in this research was documents taken from students’ thesis. The data were collected by using coding sheets. The findings of this research showed that the most common grammatical problems found in introduction section of thesis was incorrect verbs which dominated by tenses confusion and lack of subject and verb agreement. The possible solutions to overcome students’ grammatical problems were using indirect method in teaching grammar and prioritizing grammar structures to teach.</em></p>

scholarly journals KESALAHAN PENGGUNAAN RELATIVSATZ MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH SCHREIBFERTIGKEIT I

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsurijal Syamsurijal
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
German Language ◽  
State University ◽  
Study Program ◽  
German Education ◽  
Language Study ◽  
Primary Instrument ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to describe the mistakes made by the students in the use of Relativ Sentence. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The data sources are students of Department of German Education, State University of Makassar. The data in this study are the sentences that contain elements Relativ Sentence from the essays made by the students. The instruments used are divided into two parts, the researcher as the primary instrument, and a table which serves as a supporting instrument. The results showed that there are still quite a lot of mistakes made use of Relativ Sentence in their essays, especially in terms of placement of the verb, in the case of the use Relativpronomen Nominativ, Akkusativ, and dative, as well as the errors in the position of relative clause. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are still many students of the German Language Study Program in 2019 who do not understand the Relativsatz material well.

AN ANALYSIS OF RELATIVE CLAUSE IN THE NOVEL PAPER TOWNS BY JOHN GREEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Anisah Fitri Sulistiani
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Common Noun ◽  
Proper Noun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
It Structure ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

In novel, the author makes a sentence with it structure including grammar. Every language has its grammar. In English, grammar hold an important role to be good at English, one should comprehend the structure. One of the English grammars is relative clause. The aims of this research are to find out the types and functions of relative clause used in the novel Paper Towns, and to find out what noun types that usually modified by either restrictive relative clause or non-restrictive relative clause in the novel Paper Towns. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The result showed that there are 109 relative clause sentences used in the novel Paper Towns by John Green. There are 50 sentences classified into restrictive relative clause and 59 sentences classified into non-restrictive relative clause. From 109 sentences, the writer found there are 90 sentences used as a subject, 12 sentences used as an object, 2 sentences used as an object of preposition and 5 sentences used as possessive. There are 6 sentences used pronoun, 34 used proper noun and 69 used common noun. Therefore, the noun type that usually modified by either restrictive relative clause or non-restrictive relative clause is common noun.

VIPERS AND LOST YOUTH: A NOTE ON OLD AGE IN EARLY GREEK EPIC

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Counterfactual Conditional ◽  
Greek Epic ◽  
Conditional Sentence

It is well known that in early Greek epic old age was something that could be scraped off a man, and it is the purpose of this note to explore the image and to suggest a possible origin. The idea is first attested in a counterfactual conditional sentence in Phoenix's speech atIl.9.445–6: ‘nor even if [a god] himself were to undertake to render me young and flourishing after scraping off old age …’ (οὐδ' εἴ κέν μοι ὑποσταίη αὐτός | γῆρας ἀποξύσας θήσειν νέον ἡβώοντα …); in a description of Medea's magical rejuvenation of Aeson in theNostoi(fr. 7.2 Bernabé = 6.2 Davies, γῆρας ἀποξύσας); and in the account of Eos' botched attempt to make Tithonus immortal in theHomeric Hymn to Aphrodite(223–4):οὐδ' ἐνόησε μετὰ ϕρεσὶ πότνια Ἠώςἥβην αἰτῆσαι, ξῦσαί τ' ἄπο γῆρας ὀλοιόν.Nor did lady Dawn think in her mind to ask for youth and to scrape off ruinous old age.This language also occurs in Late Antiquity, and Andrew Faulkner in his commentary on theHymn(ad loc.) cites Greg. Nanz.Carm.1.2.2.483 (PG37.616) in the fourth centurya.d.and the much later Cometas,Anth. Pal.15.37.2. So far as the imagery implicit in these passages is concerned, S. D. Olson writes, ‘old age is imagined as a scurf or patina that can be scoured off a person’. Faulkner, however, prefers a more precise reference: ‘Griffin … relates it to the idea of old age as a skin that can be shed, as that of a snake’, and he helpfully cites Theodoros Prodromos,Carmina historica24.18, ἀπόξυσαι τὸ γῆρας ὥσπερ ὄϕις (‘to scrape off old age like a snake’).

scholarly journals KEMENANGAN DONALD TRUMP SEBAGAI PRESIDEN AMERIKA SERIKAT KE-45 MELALUI ANALISIS KONSTRUKSI KLAUSA RELATIF BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA INDONESIA SECARA SEMANTIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aldila Arin Aini ◽  
Islamiah Bastiar ◽  
S. Sumarlam
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Research Method ◽  
English Language ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<p><em>This research aims (1) to comprehend the relative construction of English and Indonesia language on some texts relating to Donald Trump is elected as the 45<sup>th</sup> President of USA in 2016 semantically, and (2) to describe the analysis of relative constructive clauses between English and Indonesia language semantically. The research method is descriptive qualitative. Meanwhile, method of collecting data is agih method and the techniques are substitution, expand, interuption, and mutation. Based on the texts relating to Donald Trump is elected as the President of USA in 2016, it is found that the analysis of relative constructive clause of English and Indonesia language is based on the use of conjunction. In Indonesia language texts, there is one conjuction, namely: “yang”, meanwhile in English language texts, there are five conjuctions, namely: “who, whom, which, whose, and that”. If it is viewed from its semantics adjacent, relative clause can be divided into two sections based on its orthographics, namely: (1) restrictive relative clause which refers to the explained antecedent or as the integral unity from antecedent and unmarked by comma, and (2) non-restrictive relative clause as the additional information from antecedent explained and marked by comma. </em></p>

scholarly journals Foreground and background in the narrative discourse of Luke's Gospel: Some remarks on the function of the Greek imperfect and pluperfect indicative tense-forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Carel Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Major Function ◽  
Indirect Discourse ◽  
The World ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Activity State ◽  
Provide Background Information

The distinction between foreground and background in narrative discourse is a pervasive phenomenon in the literatures of the world, and languages have a variety of devices to indicate this distinction. These include, amongst others, the use of specific tense-forms of the verb, morphosyntactic features, the distinction between events and non-events, lexical verb types (achievement, accomplishment, activity, state, etc.), voice, and word order. The use of the tense-forms of the verb to indicate foreground and background has been studied in depth in a variety of languages. In the last three decades there have been a number of studies on the Greek of the New Testament, following the upsurge of interest in the aspect and time characteristics of Greek in the early nineties of the previous century. This study focused on the function of the Greek imperfect and pluperfect indicative tense-forms (henceforth, imperfect and pluperfect) to indicate foreground and background in the Gospel of Luke’s narrative discourse. The study also included embedded narratives, such as the parables of Jesus. It did not include direct and indirect discourse, and comments by the author. The findings are that the major function of the imperfect in the Gospel of Luke’s narrative discourse is to provide background information, and particularly to set the scene for events in the main storyline. In this function the link between the imperfect and background information is very strong. The imperfect also typically occurs in the introduction of participants in a scene by means of presentational articulation, in situations where background details are provided, and in epilogues. The imperfect appears in explanatory clauses too, but the aorist indicative is also used. In a few instances the imperfect is used to express foreground information. Although occurences of the pluperfect are rare in Luke’s Gospel, it is used a few times to express background information, especially to set the scene and to provide background details. It is rarely used to indicate foreground information, and occurences are restricted to verbs like oἶδα, ἵστημι, εἴωθα, etc., where the pluperfect has the force of an aorist indicative. In a number of instances the function of the pluperfect is purely descriptive, for example, as part of a restrictive relative clause.

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