Cytotoxic Activities of Phytochemicals and Cure for Lifestyle Deseases (A Promising Area in Future Research)

Computer-assisted collaborative writing has been gradually employed in L2 and FL contexts due to the introduction of Web 2.0 applications and tools (i.e., Google Docs and wikis) and its benefits in developing learners’ writing skills. Accordingly, extensive literature that dealt with computer-assisted collaborative learning and learners’ perceptions towards this activity has been condensed on shelves by time passing. Thus, a review of former studies over the recent decade is called forth aiming to ameliorate the difficulties of reaching this literature and to awaken broadened knowledge in this promising area. This paper reviewed and discussed about 40 relevant articles published from 2011 to 2019 that dealt with computer-assisted collaborative writing using Web 2.0 tools, precisely Google Docs and wikis, and learners’ perceptions towards this activity (computer-assisted collaborative writing) and tools. All the articles were selected according to specific criteria, where only a true collaborative writing peer-reviewed articles were selected. After that, two main themes were synthesized: (a) collaborative writing outcomes and (b) students’ perceptions, and specific research components in relation to each theme were further reviewed and summarized using illustrative tables. Drawing on the review of this literature, the researchers discuss pedagogical implications in terms of technology integration and writing development and address future research directions including systematically reviewing this topic with teachers’ perceptions of computer-assisted collaborative writing.

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What Are the Nodes? Unitization and Configural Learning vs. Selective Attention

Changing Minds Changing Tools ◽

10.7551/mitpress/9780262037860.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 69-98

Author(s):

Vsevolod Kapatsinski

Keyword(s):

Selective Attention ◽

Language Change ◽

Context Effects ◽

Future Research ◽

Extensive Experience ◽

Configural Learning ◽

Incremental Processing ◽

Promising Area ◽

Dual Route ◽

The Relationship

This chapter introduces the debate between elemental and configural learning models. Configural models represent both a whole pattern and its parts as separate nodes, which are then both associable, i.e. available for wiring with other nodes. This necessitates a kind of hierarchical inference at the timescale of learning and motivates a dual-route approach at the timescale of processing. Some patterns of language change (semanticization and frequency-in-a-favourable-context effects) are argued to be attributable to hierarchical inference. The most prominent configural pattern in language is argued to be a superadditive interaction. However, such interactions are argued to often be unstable in comprehension due to selective attention and incremental processing. Selective attention causes the learner to focus on one part of a configuration over others. Incremental processing favors the initial part, which can then overshadow other parts and drive the recognition decision. Only with extensive experience, can one can learn to integrate multiple cues. When cues are integrated, the weaker cue can cue the outcome directly or can serve as an occasion-setter to the relationship between the outcome and the primary cue. The conditions under which occasion-setting arises in language acquisition is a promising area for future research.

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Enhancing Complaint and Problem Management

International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications ◽

10.4018/jesma.2010040101 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gustaf Juell-Skielse

Keyword(s):

Mobile Devices ◽

Mobile Applications ◽

New Technologies ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Future Research ◽

Cellular Telephone ◽

Problem Management ◽

Interactive Maps ◽

Promising Area

M-government is an emergent area for mobile applications, where citizens and organizations can interact with government and municipal agencies through mobile devices. One promising area for m-government is complaint and problem management, where mobile applications using the integrated functions of a cellular telephone can offer citizens convenient ways of rapidly reporting problems. The problems reported can then be effectively managed by the municipality using state-of-the-art workflow techniques. Furthermore, the municipality can inform citizens and companies of problems already reported or addressed, which can be visualized through interactive maps. In this study, a municipal e-service for complaint and problem management is transformed into an m-service and put into operation in a Swedish municipality. The experiences from developing the m-service comprise of a suggested design and several identified challenges. Suggestions for future research include the application of new technologies for positioning and the adaptation of the m-service to new cellular telephone models.

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A Review of the Ephedra genus: Distribution, Ecology, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25143283 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (14) ◽

pp. 3283

Author(s):

Daphne E. González-Juárez ◽

Abraham Escobedo-Moratilla ◽

Joel Flores ◽

Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa ◽

Natalia Martínez-Tagüeña ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Nasal Congestion ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

Future Research ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Ecological Interactions ◽

Phytochemical Study ◽

Promising Area

Ephedra is one of the largest genera of the Ephedraceae family, which is distributed in arid and semiarid regions of the world. In the traditional medicine from several countries some species from the genus are commonly used to treat asthma, cold, flu, chills, fever, headache, nasal congestion, and cough. The chemical constituents of Ephedra species have been of research interest for decades due to their contents of ephedrine-type alkaloids and its pharmacological properties. Other chemical constituents such as phenolic and amino acid derivatives also have resulted attractive and have provided evidence-based supporting of the ethnomedical uses of the Ephedra species. In recent years, research has been expanded to explore the endophytic fungal diversity associated to Ephedra species, as well as, the chemical constituents derived from these fungi and their pharmacological bioprospecting. Two additional aspects that illustrate the chemical diversity of Ephedra genus are the chemotaxonomy approaches and the use of ephedrine-type alkaloids as building blocks in organic synthesis. American Ephedra species, especially those that exist in Mexico, are considered to lack ephedrine type alkaloids. In this sense, the phytochemical study of Mexican Ephedra species is a promising area of research to corroborate their ephedrine-type alkaloids content and, in turn, discover new chemical compounds with potential biological activity. Therefore, the present review represents a key compilation of all the relevant information for the Ephedra genus, in particular the American species, the species distribution, their ecological interactions, its ethnobotany, its phytochemistry and their pharmacological activities and toxicities, in order to promote clear directions for future research.

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Biodiversity: a promising area for future research

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x1400028x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 316-317

Author(s):

Katheline Schubert

Keyword(s):

Environmental Policy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Point Of View ◽

Important Task ◽

Future Research ◽

Promising Area ◽

Guiding Principles

The most challenging topic in the area of EDE is, to my point of view, the understanding of the various issues related to biodiversity and their modeling. We do not know much about the reasons why we would want to prevent ecosystem and species losses, but we suspect that preventing large-scale loss is indeed a tremendously important task we should undertake rapidly. We need tools to help us evaluate the costs of these losses and the benefits of preventing them, and to provide guiding principles for environmental policy.

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Prediction of Recidivism in a Criminal Population by Birth Order and Family Size

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1978.42.1.27 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 27-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arthur MacNeill Horton ◽

Donald M. Medley

Keyword(s):

Birth Order ◽

Family Size ◽

Adult Male ◽

A Priori ◽

Future Research ◽

Male Offenders ◽

Prediction Of Recidivism ◽

Adlerian Theory ◽

Promising Area ◽

Adult Male Offenders

This study investigated the prediction of recidivism by birth order and family size. Subjects were 204 black, 193 white, and 4 other adult male offenders who completed a 10-item questionnaire during intake classification interviews. Birth-order and family-size categories were formed on the basis of Adlerian theory. Data were analyzed by a priori contrasts. A statistically significant effect was found for the firstborn adult, male offender. It is suggested that birth order is a promising area for future research.

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REVIEW OF THE TRADITIONAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF FENUGREEK (TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM L.): AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT IN UNANI MEDICINE

Indian Journal of Unani Medicine ◽

10.53390/ijum.v14.i2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shabnam Anjum Ara ◽

Shaheen Akhlaq ◽

Mohammad Fazil ◽

Usama Akram ◽

Bilal Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Scientific Data ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Future Research ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Unani Medicine ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Background: Trigonella foenum-graecum L. with common name fenugreek, is a very popular spice as well as an important herb of traditional Unani medicine. It is one of the most promising herbs having nutritional as well as medicinal value, used for the treatment of an extensive range of ailments. Objective: The aim ofthe review isto present the traditional uses, phytochemistry, toxicology in the light of Unani medicine as well as contemporary researchesto comprehend itsimportance. Methods: The literature was collected from classical Unani textssuch as Khazain al-Advia, Makhzan al-Advia, Muhit-i-Azam, Al-Jami li Mufradat al- Advia wa'l Aghziya, Al Qanoon Fit Tib etc., and scientific data from published experimental and clinical studies were searched from search engines like Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Google scholar, Pub Med etc. Results: Phytochemical studies have led to the isolation of different compounds such as alkaloid, flavonoids, saponin, volatile contents, gum and fibre. Fresh plant ingredients such as seed, leaves etc, crude extracts and isolated constituents of fenugreek showed a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo studies that embrace its hypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Conclusion: With its vast mode of action, it influences in multiple ways in treatment of the diseases and the present review revealed its therapeutic potential and status. For future research prospects, the need of further studies involving mechanisms of action on scientific parameters is essential.

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Evgeny Khvalkov, The Colonies of Genoa in the Black Sea Region: Evolution and Transformation. Routledge Research in Medieval Studies, 11. New York and London: Routledge, 2018, xiv, 443 pp., 10 fig., 7 tables.

Mediaevistik ◽

10.3726/med.2019.01.129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 482-484

Author(s):

Albrecht Classen

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Middle Ages ◽

Black Sea ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Future Research ◽

Medieval Studies ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

Daunting Task ◽

Promising Area ◽

Region Evolution

Our current and very urgent goal is to transform Medieval Studies into Global Medieval Studies, a thorny, challenging, maybe also daunting task, but one that we cannot turn away if we want to progress in our field. In fact, it does not matter whether we want to go that route or not; if we want to understand the Middle Ages both holistically and in specifics, we must simply accept that many people (merchants, soldiers, diplomats, artists, craftsmen, preachers, rulers, scholars, etc.) traveled not only throughout Europe, but also far beyond those limits, and encountered in that way countless other people who arrived from other directions. One most promising area of investigation that has already been long recognized is the group of merchants traveling to the Mongol court, prime among them Marco Polo. But he, his brothers, and numerous other individuals were, after all, only exceptions, and the Chinese, for instance, did not demonstrate any real interest in the West, apart from the Arabic world. However, if we turn to the Black Sea, an entirely different situation emerges that proves to be highly promising for future research.

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Nostalgic marketing, perceived self-continuity, and consumer decisions

Management Decision ◽

10.1108/md-11-2015-0501 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 2063-2083 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ilyoung Ju ◽

Jihye Kim ◽

Mark Jaewon Chang ◽

Susan Bluck

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Product Type ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Purchase Intent ◽

Experiential Marketing ◽

Content Type ◽

Consumer Decisions ◽

Intent To Purchase ◽

Promising Area

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of nostalgic marketing on consumer decisions, including the relation of nostalgia to perceived self-continuity, brand attitude (BA), and purchase intent (PI). Design/methodology/approach The study uses an experimental design that compares individuals’ responses to past-focussed (nostalgic) vs present-focussed (non-nostalgic) advertising across a range of three product types. Analyses include structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate direct and mediated relationships. Findings Nostalgic past-focussed advertisements (as compared to present-focussed advertisements) elicited higher perceived self-continuity which led to more favorable ratings of BA and greater intent to purchase the product. These effects held up regardless of product type. SEM showed that the relation of advertising-evoked nostalgia to BA is partially mediated by consumer’s perceived self-continuity. BA also directly predicted PI. Practical implications These findings provide two implications for marketing managers. First, the perceived self-continuity plays an important role in the success of nostalgia marketing. As such, advertising designed to directly influence perceived self-continuity should be used for framing a nostalgic marketing purposes that aims to connect consumers to particular brands. Second, evoking nostalgia in marketing communications is not just effective for one product type but appears to be useful across a variety of product type (i.e. utilitarian, hedonic, and neutral). Originality/value The study is based within an experiential marketing framework but is innovative in examining the specific experience of nostalgia and linking it to consumer’s identity (i.e. self-continuity). This area has received little attention and appears to be a promising area for future research on consumer decisions.

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ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FLACOURTIA JANGOMAS: A REVIEW

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i3.23998 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sajeesha Sasi ◽

Nishat Anjum ◽

Y. C. Tripathi

Keyword(s):

Wide Spectrum ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Future Research ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Active Components ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Isolation And Characterization

Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch., a small tree of Willow family distributed throughout tropical regions of East Africa and Asia is well-known for its culinary and medicinal uses. The plant has received increasing interest due to its limonoid constituents. Phytochemical studies have led to the isolation and characterization of an array of bioactive compounds and pharmacological investigations have validated the traditional uses of the species as well as discovered some new bioefficacies. The aim of the review is to present an updated and comprehensive overview of traditional uses, ethnomedicinal significance, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of F. jangomas to highlight its ethnopharmacological use and to explore its therapeutic potentials thereby providing a basis for future research. Relevant information and literature on F. jangomas from electronic databases such as Academic Journals, Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct were consulted and analyzed. Available literatures evidently demonstrate that F. jangomas possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities that could be explained by the presence of varied range of chemical constituents. Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations showed that extracts of different parts and major active components of F. jangomas had antimicrobial, analgesic, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. This emphasizes the need for further investigation to explore more bioactive chemical constituents and new bioefficacies of the plant and to establish a credible relationship between molecular structure and activity of compounds.

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