The Implications of Covid-19 Pandemic on Consumer Burden in Malaysia: An Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Siti Nurhazwani Kamarudin ◽  
Nur Syuhada Jasni ◽  
Zuraina Sal Salbila Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

The effects of Covid-19 are continuing to increase around the world as the pandemic claims millions of lives. Malaysia is no exception and has been remarkably affected by the pandemic. Apart from the number of people who are or have been infected with this virus, millions of people are directly or indirectly facing many challenges to their living. The challenges include increased cost of living, income reduction or losses, decreased purchasing power, and unemployment, along with other societal issues created by the pandemic. This study contextualised the implications of the pandemic on consumers’ burden in Malaysia, focusing on the cost of living and unemployment. Observations on prices, inflation, and unemployment rates were conducted to provide meaningful evidence. Major findings revealed that the cost of living has risen, contributed by the increase in prices, especially for food items, healthcare, and education. The unemployment rate also expanded due to the lockdown measures, which led to income losses and reduction. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought challenges to the consumers as measures taken to curb the pandemic have altered many aspects of life and increased the consumers’ burden. Although the inflation rate remains manageable, a major concern lies in many people’s income reduction or income losses. This study implies that the government, together with private institutions and NGOs, needs to work hand in hand to minimise the consumers’ financial burden, especially during this pandemic. It is hoped that the discussion presented in this paper would shed light on the impact of the pandemic on consumers’ burden in Malaysia.

The impact of labor freedom on geographic cost of living differentials

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-395
Author(s):  
Richard Cebula ◽  
James E. Payne ◽  
Donnie Horner ◽  
Robert Boylan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of labor market freedom on state-level cost of living differentials in the USA using cross-sectional data for 2016 after allowing for the impacts of economic and quality of life factors. Design/methodology/approach The study uses two-stage least squares estimation controlling for factors contributing to cost of living differences across states. Findings The results reveal that an increase in labor market freedom reduces the overall cost of living. Research limitations/implications The study can be extended using panel data and alternative measures of labor market freedom. Practical implications In general, the finding that less intrusive government and greater labor freedom are associated with a reduced cost of living should not be surprising. This is because less government intrusion and greater labor freedom both inherently allow markets to be more efficient in the rationalization of and interplay with forces of supply and demand. Social implications The findings of this and future related studies could prove very useful to policy makers and entrepreneurs, as well as small business owners and public corporations of all sizes – particularly those considering either location in, relocation to, or expansion into other markets within the USA. Furthermore, the potential benefits of the National Right-to-Work Law currently under consideration in Congress could add cost of living reductions to the debate. Originality/value The authors extend the literature on cost of living differentials by investigating whether higher amounts of state-level labor market freedom act to reduce the states’ cost of living using the most recent annual data available (2016). That labor freedom has a systemic efficiency impact on the state-level cost of living is a significant finding. In our opinion, it is likely that labor market freedom is increasing the efficiency of labor market transactions in the production and distribution of goods and services, and acts to reduce the cost of living in states. In addition, unlike previous related studies, the authors investigate the impact of not only overall labor market freedom on the state-level cost of living, but also how the three sub-indices of labor market freedom, as identified and measured by Stansel et al. (2014, 2015), impact the cost of living state by state.

The Impact of Regional Differences in Prices and Wages on Economic Growth: The United States in 1890

1979 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. P. Coelho ◽  
James F. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
City Size ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Differences in regional prices and wages are examined for the United States in 1890, together with the relationship between the cost of living and city size, and the determinants of regional industrial growth. Results indicate that regional cost-of-liying differences were sufficiently large so that money wages cannot be used for purposes of comparing the economic well-being of wage earners across regions. Except for the South, money wages and the cost of living were positively correlated. The relative differences in money wages, however, were greater; consequently real wages in high wage-price areas were generally higher.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penyesuaian Harga Jual Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) Tehadap Konsumsi BBM dan Inflasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-182
Author(s):  
Aep soleh Soleh
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of fuel price adjusment on changes in fuel consumption and inflation in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Trade, Bank Indonesia, the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), and PT Pertamina (Persero) from 2006 to 2016 and analyzed by using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. Research showed, if the government increases Premium Gasoline's price by 10%, in average its consumption would decrease around 2,99 %. However, if the Pertamax Gasoline's price increases, the consumption of Premium Gasoline would also increase due to substitution effect. Every 10% increase in Subsidized Diesel's price, in average its consumption would decrease around 4,80 % and vice versa. However, if the Pertamina dex's price increases, the consumption of Subsidized Diesel would also increase due to substitution effect. Moreover, IDR1.000/L increase in Premium Gasoline's Price would contribute 1,10 % to the inflation rate. On the other hand, increase in Subsidized Diesel's price does not contribute to the inflation rate.

scholarly journals (The Impact of Traffic Accidents on Development: A Contemporary Accounting Perspective, Asir governorate as a model - Saudi Arabia (2006-2013: أثر حوادث المرور على التنمية نظرة محاسبية معاصرة محافظة (عسير) نموذجاً المملكة العربية السعودية (2006– 2013)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahabuddin Mohammed Ahmed Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The traffic accidents in the high ways and towns are still increasing, their effect on the community development clearly seen. The control of this problem is highly significant. The analysis of the data and the information about the traffic accidents, their direct, indirect, a variables and continues cost represented in curing the injured, paying the Diya, the cost of the medical operations on behalf of the government and the relatives of the injured dealt with through the accounting view. This paper aimed at measuring the effect of traffic accidents in terms of money, to be use for the development of Accer province – South of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The overall cost of the traffic accidents in 2013 is 23 pillions Riyal. The percentage of the injured is 30% per family. The cost account of traffic accidents in Accer province is 1. 6 pillions Riyal. These sums of money could have been use for the development of the province. The paper recommends The direct, indirect, a variables and continues costs of the traffic accidents should give a due consideration The traffic administration should give a due consideration as well, to be minimizing the number of the traffic accidents. There should be decisive practical measures to stop these accidents.

Exploration of COVID-19 impact on the dimensions of food safety and security: a perspective of societal issues with relief measures

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janpriy Sharma ◽  
Mohit Tyagi ◽  
Arvind Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

PurposeOutbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has created the catastrophic situation, it has crippled all the economic activities and seized off the operations of food supply chain (FSC). Disrupted FSC escalated the societal concerns related to food safety and security. The purpose of this study is to consolidate various issues, exploring the perspectives associated with the agricultural practices, food industries and society concerns related with the FSC performance system dynamics amid of COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachTo structure this work, a detailed research literature insight focussing on the key findings associated with the past disease outbreaks like influenza, avian flu, Ebola, bird flu, SARS, foot and mouth disease and ongoing phase of COVID-19, encompassing the perspective related with various agricultural and concerned supply chain practices is clustered. Furthermore, issues having relevancy with the notion of this work, sourced from platforms of print and electronic media have been incorporated to ground the reality associated with the impacts, for better visualisation of the perspectives.FindingsThis study outlays the key findings which are relevant with the past pandemic outbreaks from the core of the research literature. It details the impact of the current COVID-19 scenario on the various FSC operations, focussing on dimensions allied with the industry, economic and society concerns. For the same, to mitigate the effects, relief measures focussing on the short- and long-term perspectives have been incorporated. Steps ramped up by the Government of India (GOI) to safeguard masses from the threat of food security, accelerate pace of the FSC operations and upscale operating capacities of the industries and agriculture practices have incorporated.Research limitations/implicationsPresented work is persuaded amid of the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions hence it outlays the theoretical perspectives only. But, these perspectives portray the ongoing scenario's impacts, extending its implication to the people coming from the industry and academia background. This study can felicitate the government bodies to make them familiar with the various impacts which indented the FSCs, food industries and added woes to the society concerns.Originality/valueIndia is the second largest populated nation of the world, and outspread of the COVID-19 has capsized the FSCs and raised the various instances, making population vulnerable to the threats of food insecurity. This study encompasses effect of the FSC disruption by incorporating its effect on the food industries practices, societal issues and extending possible relief measures to restructure the FSC dynamics. As of now, study focussing on the Indian FSC concerns, detailing of impacts due to pandemic outbreak, relief measures to sail out of the hard times are not available.

scholarly journals The Distributional Consequences of Large Devaluations

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 3477-3509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Cravino ◽  
Andrei A. Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Distributional Consequences ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Income Decile

We study the impact of large exchange rate devaluations on the cost of living at different points on the income distribution. Poor households spend relatively more on tradeable product categories and consume lower-priced varieties within categories. Changes in the relative price of tradeables and of lower-priced varieties affect the cost of living of low-income relative to high-income households. We quantify these effects following the 1994 Mexican devaluation and show that they can have large distributional consequences. Two years post-devaluation, the cost of living for the bottom income decile rose 1.48 to 1.62 times more than for the top income decile. (JEL D12, D31, E31, F31, O12, O19, O24)

scholarly journals Effect of Remuneration on Employees Performance in the Ministry of Internal Security: A Case of Kisii County

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred Nyanumba Onyancha ◽  
Charles Munene Elijah ◽  
Willy Muturi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Resource Factor

Despite the fact that the Kenyan government had made efforts, achievements and remarkable developments in the Ministry of Internal Security for its success, the performance of the workforce was still poor and this could be due to poor remuneration of employees, whereby the salary scale had remained constant for a long time despite of the increasing cost of living in the country. And this had also demoralized the employees leading to poor performance in the Ministry which in the end could result into loss of the credibility of the government. When the cost-of-living rose, there was enormous pressure on employers to raise wages and salaries by the rate of inflation. The problem therefore was how to improve productivity of employees by providing the pay which could enable them to cope up with their purchasing power. It was therefore important for the organization to consider the salary system as a mechanism by which an organization could plan how to attract, retain, reward and motivate its salaried employees in order to enhance good performance in the Ministry. The human resource factor (particularly remuneration) lied at the very heart of the reform program. Subsequently, the need arose to undertake an empirical study to determine the effect of remuneration on employees’ performance at the Ministry of Internal Security.

scholarly journals Fairness, Search Frictions, and Offshoring

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devashish Mitra ◽  
Priya Ranjan
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Closed Economy ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Fairness Concerns ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Fairness considerations are introduced into the determination of wages in a two factor Pissarides-style model of search unemployment to study its implications for the unemployment rates of unskilled and skilled workers in both the closed economy case and when the economy can offshore some inputs. Both fairness concerns and offshoring of jobs done by unskilled workers create the overhiring effect for skilled workers. An increase in the concern for fairness in the closed economy increases the cost of hiring unskilled workers and increases the unemployment rates of both types of workers; however, wage inequality decreases. In the open economy case, an increase in the concern for fairness leads to greater offshoring which prevents skilled unemployment from increasing, but the unemployment of unskilled workers increases. A reduction in the cost of offshoring also increases offshoring and increases the unemployment of unskilled workers, but has a positive effect on skilled workers. Due to the presence of an overhiring effect in the hiring of skilled workers for both offshoring and non-offshoring firms, skilled workers experience higher wages and lower unemployment. The opposite movements in skilled and unskilled unemployment render the net effect ambiguous. Even though wage inequality increases, the impact on the wages of unskilled workers is ambiguous.

scholarly journals Financial Cost, Salary and the Impact Towards Coronary Heart Disease in Selangor

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hafiz Rosli ◽  
◽  
Juliza Mohamed ◽  
Aza Azlina Md Kassim ◽  
Zainal Azhar Zainal Azim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
World Health ◽  
Housing Cost ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the many non-communicable diseases (NCD). The World Health Organization (WHO) had reported that CHD has caused the death of 17.9 million people, representing 31% of global deaths. From this number, 85% are due to heart attacks and stroke. In Malaysia, CHD remained as the principal cause of death in 2018 with 18,627 deaths contributing to 15.6 percent of total deaths in Malaysia. Among the factors that could lead to CHD is hypertension. Chronic stress such as financial distress could lead to hypertension. Recently, the cost of living in Malaysia has increased significantly. This study intended to examine the impact of housing cost, transportation cost, self-education cost and salary towards CHD. The data was gathered by a survey questionnaire with 300 CHD respondents in Selangor. Multiple regression analysis was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that self-education costs and salary have significant a relationship with CHD. This research is expected to benefit policymakers in understanding the cost of living in Malaysia and to the public health department in their future policy and decision making processes on CHD prevention initiatives. Lastly, this study is expected to enrich the literature on CHD and cost of living.

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