Review of Narikel Lavan and its Pharmaceutical Preparation

: Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used for many gram-negative bacterial infections like infections in the urinary tract, infections in brain, lungs and abdomen. Electrochemical determination of amikacin is a challenge in electroanalysis because it shows no voltammetric peak at the surface of bare electrodes. In this approach, a very simple and easy method for indirect voltammetric determination of amikacin presented in real samples. Gold nanoparticles were electrodeposited at the surface of glassy carbon electrode in constant potential. The effect of several parameters such as time and potential of deposition, pH and scan rates on signal were studied. The cathodic peak current of Au3+ decreased with increasing amikacin concentration. Quantitative analysis of amikacin was performed using differential pulse voltammetry by following cathodic peak current of gold ions. Two dynamic linear ranges of 1.0 × 10−8–1.0 × 10-7 M and 5.0 × 10−7–1.0 × 10-3 M were obtained and limit of detection was estimated 3.0× 10−9 M. The method was successfully determined amikacin in pharmaceutical preparation and human serum. The effect of several interference in determination of amikacin was also studied.

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Role and rationale of Kaala in the field of Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics - A Conceptual Approach

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v2i4.9346 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Vrinda Bhat ◽

Surekha S. Medikeri ◽

Shobha G. Hiremath

Keyword(s):

Dosage Form ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽

Vital Role ◽

Constant Factor ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Significant Aspect ◽

Definition Of

Samskara is defined as a process of bringing about a desired modification or establishing a change of property in a drug or group of drugs. In the process of Aushadhi Nirmana, varied number of procedures (Samskaras) are adopted to inculcate the desired dosage form and efficacy to the medicine. Among all Samskaras, Kaala plays a vital role in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics. Kaala is a constant factor which follows incoherently in every step of Aushadhi Nirmana. Active principles of plants vary in every season and at different quarters of the day. After the collection of drugs for a pharmaceutical preparation, Kaala plays its role during Paka of various formulations. The definition of pharmaceutics does not end with mere production of a dosage form but also includes its safety and efficacy. Kaala has the potential to influence both these factors. Thus, our Acharyas have provided meticulous information on Ayurvedic pharmaceutics giving prime importance to a minute, yet very significant aspect called “Kaala”.

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Comparative Pharmaceutical Study of Chyavanprasha Yoga as described in Charaka Samhita and Sharngadhara Samhita.

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v2i1.7495 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

S. B. Patel ◽

P. U. Renjal

Keyword(s):

Life Span ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽

The Difference

Chyavanprasha is widely consumed in India as a dietary supplement. “Ayurveda”, as all of us know is the science of life. The ancient sages discovered different kinds of Ayurvedic medicines after continuous studies, observations, experiments, trials and judgments. Ayurveda gives us the knowledge of health for all. There are various references for Chyavanprasha Avaleha in Ayurvedic texts. Among them, references in Charaka Samhita and Sharngadhara Samhita are significant. The difference found in these two references is in the use of the medium used for the Paka (frying) of the Amalaki pulp. Sharngadhara Samhita mentions the use of Ghrita while Charaka Samhita mentions the use of both Taila and Ghrita for the frying. Chyavanprasha is indicated in various disorders like Swarakshaya, Uroroga, Hrudroga, Vatarakta, Pipasa, Mootra and Shukra Sthanagatha Dosha. It also improves Medhashakti, Smaranashakti and increases the life span. It is very good Rasayana and Shukra Dhatuvardhaka (Vajikarana). Hence, to evaluate the difference in the pharmaceutical preparation and the organoleptic characters of the finished products the study was undertaken.

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Anti-Aging Potential of Extracts from Washingtonia filifera Seeds

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Benedetta Era ◽

Sonia Floris ◽

Valeria Sogos ◽

Clara Porcedda ◽

Alessandra Piras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽

Human Keratinocytes ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Skin Aging ◽

Stressed Cells ◽

Collagenase Inhibition ◽

Washingtonia Filifera ◽

Seed Extracts

The aim of this study was to test the inhibitory effect of fruit extracts from Washingtonia filifera on skin aging-related enzymes. The pulp extracts did not exert a significant enzyme inhibition while seed extracts from W. filifera exhibit anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and anti-tyrosinase activities. Tyrosinase was mildly inhibited while a stronger effect was observed with respect to elastase and collagenase inhibition. Alcoholic extracts provided better results than aqueous extracts. Among them, methanol extracts showed the prominent enzyme inhibitory activities being IC50 value for elastase and collagenase comparable and even better than the reference compound. The inhibition mode of the most active extracts was investigated by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis. Seed extracts from W. filifera were also investigated for their photo-protective effect by Mansur equation and the antioxidant activity of W. filifera extract was evaluated in oxidative-stressed cells. To evaluate the safety of the extract, the effect on cell viability of human keratinocytes cells was analyzed. Methanol extract presented the best photo-protective effect and exerted an antioxidant activity in a cellular system with no cytotoxic effect. The overall results demonstrate that W. filifera extracts are promising sources of bioactive compounds that could be used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparation.

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Polyvinyl Chloride Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes for Sensitive Determination of Levofloxacin Drug in Serum, Urine, and Pharmaceutical Formulations

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21093150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 3150

Author(s):

Fatehy M. Abdel-Haleem ◽

Sonia Mahmoud ◽

Nour Eldin T. Abdel-Ghani ◽

Rasha Mohamed El Nashar ◽

Mikhael Bechelany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽

Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽

Selectivity Coefficient ◽

Pvc Membrane ◽

Carbon Paste ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Carbon Paste Electrodes ◽

Antibiotic Drug

Levofloxacin (LF) is a medically important antibiotic drug that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. In this study, three highly sensitive and selective carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) were fabricated for potentiometric determination of the LF drug: (i) CPEs filled with carbon paste (referred to as CPE); (ii) CPE coated (drop-casted) with ion-selective PVC membrane (referred to as C-CPE); (iii) CPE filled with carbon paste modified with a plasticizer (PVC/cyclohexanone) (referenced as P-CPE). The CPE was formulated from graphite (Gr, 44.0%) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO, 3.0%) as the carbon source, tricresyl phosphate (TCP, 47.0%) as the plasticizer; sodium tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] borate (St-TFPMB, 1.0%) as the ion exchanger; and levofloxacinium-tetraphenylborate (LF-TPB, 5.0%) as the lipophilic ion pair. It showed a sub-Nernstian slope of 49.3 mV decade−1 within the LF concentration range 1.0 × 10−2 M to 1.0 × 10−5 M, with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10−5 M. The PVC coated electrode (C-CPE) showed improved sensitivity (in terms of slope, equal to 50.2 mV decade−1) compared to CPEs. After the incorporation of PVC paste on the modified CPE (P-CPE), the sensitivity increased at 53.5 mV decade−1, indicating such improvement. The selectivity coefficient (log KLF2+,Fe+3pot.) against different interfering species (Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, Al3+, Fe3+, Glycine, Glucose, Maltose, Lactose) were significantly improved by one to three orders of magnitudes in the case of C-CPE and P-CPE, compared to CPEs. The modification with the PVC membrane coating significantly improved the response time and solubility of the LF-TPB within the electrode matrix and increased the lifetime. The constructed sensors were successfully applied for LF determination in pharmaceutical preparation (Levoxin® 500 mg), spiked urine, and serum samples with high accuracy and precision.

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