scholarly journals Japanese Stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) Germination Pattern and its Impact on Control Strategies1

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Payne ◽  
Jim Evans ◽  
Jeffrey Derr ◽  
Ethan Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Virginia Tech ◽  
Microstegium Vimineum ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Japanese Stiltgrass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Made In

Abstract Field trials were conducted by Virginia Master Naturalists to determine the germination period for Japanese stiltgrass and its impact on timing of postemergence herbicide applications. Germination rates declined from April to June, with no germination seen after mid-June. Glyphosate applications in early May significantly reduced Japanese stiltgrass cover that month, but post-treatment germination resulted in approximately 25% cover by October, with 78% cover seen in untreated plots. However, no Japanese stiltgrass was observed in October when glyphosate was applied in either the third week of June or the third week of July. A single application of glyphosate was effective for Japanese stiltgrass control if applications are made in June after new germination had ceased, verified by multi-year herbicide field trials. Field trials conducted by Virginia Tech showed preemergence applications of prodiamine reduced Japanese stiltgrass stand from 30 to 94%, depending on rate and timing, but even in the most effective treatment there was still at least 19% cover by August. Prodiamine treatments that utilized May applications were more effective for crabgrass (Digitaria spp.) control than for Japanese stiltgrass, supporting the earlier germination pattern for Japanese stiltgrass. Inclusion of this work in this paper provides a more complete picture of the treatment options for Japanese stiltgrass. A timed postemergence herbicide application may be a better control option for this weed than use of a preemergence herbicide application. Index words: herbicide application, invasive plants, weed control. Chemicals used in this study: Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine)], prodiamine (2,6-Dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-benzenediamine). Species used in this study: Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A Camus.).

Texas Panicum (Panicum texanum) Control in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) with Paraquat

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Wehtje ◽  
John A. McGuire ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Michael G. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The Third

Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) was applied to peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL. ‘Florunner’) for Texas panicum (Panicum texanumBuckl. # PANTE) control at 0.07, 0.14, and 0.28 kg ai/ha under five application schedules; a single application at 0, 1, 3, or 5 weeks after ground cracking, or multiple applications at 1 + 5 weeks or 1 + 3 + 5 weeks after ground cracking. Peanuts were planted at two different times (normal and late). A herbicide application at the third week (normal planting), or the third or fifth week after ground cracking (late planting) provided acceptable Texas panicum control. Control generally increased with rate. However, increasing paraquat rates with single applications on late-planted peanuts or multiple applications to normal- and late-planted peanuts tended to reduce yield and grade. A single application of 0.07 or 0.14 kg/ha applied the third week after ground cracking consistently provided the best balance between Texas panicum control and crop safety.

scholarly journals Further field evaluation of the controlled release nitrogen fertiliser Smartfert®

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
D.C. Edmeades ◽  
R.M. Mcbride
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
The Third ◽  
N Concentration

Five field trials were conducted over 2 years in which the effects of single applications of different rates of a controlled release nitrogen (N) fertiliser, Smartfert, on pasture production and pasture N concentration were measured, relative to the same rates of SustaiN. The 2016 trials also compared multiple applications of SustaiN with a single application of Smartfert. Pasture responses to SustaiN relative to the control generally occurred within the first one to three harvests following application and then declined and became negative in the later harvests. The pasture responses to Smartfert developed more slowly and were greatest after the third harvest. In terms of total production significant (P

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

KERCH STRAIT IN KAMYSH-BURUN SPIT AREA: HIGH-RESOLUTION SEISMOACOUSTIC APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Зинько ◽  
V. Zin'ko ◽  
А. Зверев ◽  
A. Zverev ◽  
М. Федин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fracture Zone ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
Made In

The seismoacoustical investigations was made in the western part of the Kerch strait (Azov sea) near Kamysh-Burun spit. The fracture zone with dislocated sedimentary rocks layers and buried erosional surface was revealed to the west of spit. Three seismofacial units was revealed to the east of spit. The first unit was modern sedimentary cover. The second ones has cross-bedding features and was, probably, the part of early generation of Kamysh-Burun spit, which lied to the east of its modern position. The lower border of the second unit is the erosional surface supposed of phanagorian age. The third unit is screened by acoustic shedows in large part.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Goldschmidt ◽  
Barbara Graziosi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Site ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
The Third ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Classical Poetry ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Made In

The Introduction sheds light on the reception of classical poetry by focusing on the materiality of the poets’ bodies and their tombs. It outlines four sets of issues, or commonplaces, that govern the organization of the entire volume. The first concerns the opposition between literature and material culture, the life of the mind vs the apprehensions of the body—which fails to acknowledge that poetry emerges from and is attended to by the mortal body. The second concerns the religious significance of the tomb and its location in a mythical landscape which is shaped, in part, by poetry. The third investigates the literary graveyard as a place where poets’ bodies and poetic corpora are collected. Finally, the alleged ‘tomb of Virgil’ provides a specific site where the major claims made in this volume can be most easily be tested.

The Hydraulic Operation of Lathes for the Production of Shells

1944 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
W. Littlejohn Philip
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hydraulic Machine ◽  
Hydraulic Machinery ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
High Level ◽  
Shell Production ◽  
Hydraulic Operation ◽  
Made In

The paper is limited to the application of hydraulic power to lathes designed for shell making although, in the author's opinion, there is an immense field for the application of the same principles in other directions. Self-contained hydraulic machine tools have been dealt with by Mr. H. C. Town,† but in the system to be described all the machines are operated from a central hydraulic plant. Three complete installations on this principle have been established by the author, and the present paper contains an account of this work from the first experiments in 1915 until about four years ago. The first plant was constructed in 1915 for the production of 3·29-inch shells, known as “18-pounders”, from the solid bar. The output was 2,000 shells per week of 135 hours, with girl operators working on three shifts. The second plant was put down in 1916–17 for an output of 500 9·2-inch howitzer shells per week of 135 hours, also with girls working on three shifts. The third plant is of recent design. It was started in 1938 for the production of 3·45-inch shells, known as “25-pounders”; and was laid out for an output of 1,000 shells per week of 47 hours. This plant included four types of hydraulic lathes which the author was engaged to design for the War Office. Soon after the commencement of the last war in 1914 it became evident that shell production would have to be greatly increased, and engineering firms were pressed to take up shell manufacture. The author, on behalf of his firm, undertook to help in the movement, and he at once set about the construction of some simple machines for the job. These conformed on general lines to the practice of the period as regards design and operation. He soon realized, however, that drastic changes would have to be made if production was to reach the high level that circumstances demanded. Although quite familiar with hydraulic machinery of various types and of many applications in presses and certain types of heavy tools, he was not aware of any instance in which hydraulic power had been applied to the movements of a lathe. It appeared to him, nevertheless, that it would be possible to construct a very useful machine on these lines, and he accordingly started immediately to carry out experiments and to prepare designs. It was considered essential that machines for the duty which the author had in mind should be much heavier and more rigid than the ordinary machines of the time, so that they should be free from vibration and “chatter” or spring with the heaviest possible cutting. The standard of rigidity aimed at was that which would permit a half-crown coin to remain balanced on edge on the moving saddle or turret while the tools were making the heaviest cuts. This object was achieved, and the demonstration was frequently made in the presence of those who came to see the lathes at work.

(Re)Made in America: Survivorship after the Shoah

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
Alyson Cole
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moral Authority ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Rape Victims ◽  
The Third ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Negative Attributes ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Welfare State

Until the l970s, ‘survivor’ referred predominantly to individuals who outlived others in the aftermath of disaster, or stood to inherit the remains of an estate; it was not imbued with evaluative connotations. In the United States today, however, survivorship abounds with positive meanings. This transvaluation rests on three intersecting trajectories that together transformed survivorship from denoting that one sustained or was spared a hardship to signifying a superior social status. The first trajectory follows the aftermath of the Shoah, when survivors acquired moral authority as victims of and public witnesses to a new violation, ‘crimes against humanity’. The second tracks the stigmatization of the term ‘victim’ in American public discourse. A consequence of struggles over the welfare state and other progressive policies, victimhood is now associated less with specific harms or injuries, and more with the supposed negative attributes of the victim herself. The third traces how survivorship became integral to the recuperative strategies of new therapeutic disciplines addressing the traumatized – from war veterans and rape victims to cancer patients. These three processes coalesced to create and legitimize a hierarchical opposition between ‘victims’ and ‘survivors’, transforming these terms into political categories and emblems of personal and group identity. In this essay, I argue that the victim/survivor binary constitutes one juncture where neoliberalism converges with Trump-era populism.

Control of Helicoverpa zea in Tomatoes with Chlorantraniliprole Applied Through Drip Chemigation

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Kuhar ◽  
James F. Walgenbach ◽  
Hélène B. Doughty
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Worker Exposure ◽  
Anthranilic Diamide ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity ◽  
Tomato Fruitworm ◽  
Reduced Risk

Chlorantraniliprole (=Rynaxypyr) is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide that is of interest to vegetable growers because of its low mammalian toxicity and systemic properties. Field trials were conducted between 2006 and 2008 in North Carolina and Virginia to test the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole as a drip chemigation treatment on tomatoes. Drip chemigation of chlorantraniliprole at various rates and intervals significantly reduced the percentage of tomatoes damaged by tomato fruitworm (Helicoverpa zea) comparable to that typically achieved from multiple foliar applications of insecticides. The best control was achieved with two applications of chlorantraniliprole at 0.074 kg ai/ha, or a single application at 0.099 kg ai/ha. Residual ingestion bioassays showed that chlorantraniliprole was effectively taken up by the roots and was active in leaves up to 66 days after treatment (DAT), active in blossoms up to 22 DAT, but was not active in fruit. Drip chemigation of chlorantraniliprole may offer several advantages over foliar applications, including ease of application, reduced pesticide input into the environment, reduced worker exposure to pesticides, and reduced risk to beneficial arthropods. Accepted for publication 14 January 2010. Published 7 April 2010.

Diversity declines in Microstegium vimineum (Japanese stiltgrass) patches

2009 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheherezade N. Adams ◽  
Katharina A.M. Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Microstegium Vimineum ◽  
Japanese Stiltgrass

COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL CRIME IN AFRICA: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN HATCHARD
Keyword(s):  
Transnational Crime ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Third ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Proceeds Of Crime ◽  
Made In

Transnational crime is a major problem for African states with corruption, trafficking of persons, drugs trafficking, environmental crime and the like posing a major threat to development and stability. This article examines three challenges that states must tackle in order to combat transnational crime effectively. The first is how to deal with criminals who operate outside the jurisdiction. The second concerns the investigation of crimes with a transnational element. The third challenge involves tracing and then recovering the proceeds of crime that have been moved out of the country where the crime occurred. Here the need for Western states to cooperate with those in Africa is highlighted. Drawing on examples from Lesotho and Nigeria in particular, it is argued that some progress is being made in meeting these challenges. However, the article notes that developing the political will to tackle transnational crime is fundamental to any lasting improvement.

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