scholarly journals The Curative Effect of Berberine Nanoparticles and Cisplatin Combination Therapies Against Hepatocarcinogenesis-Induced By N-Nitroso-Diethylamine In Male Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2180-2200
Author(s):  
Nema Abdelhameed Mohamed ◽  
Awatef Mohamed Ali ◽  
Doaa Ahmed Ghareeb ◽  
Adham Rashed Mohamed ◽  
Yasmin Mohamed Elmokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Ccl4 Treatment ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study aimed to investigate whether berberine nanoparticles (BBR-NPs) and/or cisplatin supplementation could prevent hepatocarcinogenesis-induced by N-nitroso-diethylamine (DENA) in male rats. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups; Group 1: Control; Group 2: DENA-CCl4; Group 3: DENA-CCl4+Cisplatin; Group 4: DENA-CCl4+BBR-NPs; Group 5: DENA-CCl4+Cisplatin+BBR-NPs. DENA-CCl4 significantly increase AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT, AFP activities and total bilirubin, while, 5, NT,  total protein and albumin decreased. DENA-CCl4 treatment caused increment in MDA levels and reduction in SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH in liver tissues. Moreover, DENA-CCl4 increase the gene expression of ADAM17 and TNF-α however,  P53 was declined. In addition, DENA-CCl4 caused severe histopathological lesions in the liver tissue. Interestingly, administration of berberine nanoparticles alone or in combination with cisplatin improves the hepatocarcinogenesis induced by DENA-CCl4 on the physiological, biochemical, molecular and histological levels by decreasing oxidative stress and preserving gene expression of ADAM17, TNF-α and P53. The present findings suggest that BBR-NPs with cisplatin might offer a promising strategy for the prevention of liver cancer.

scholarly journals Triazophos induced neuro-splenic toxicity and evaluation of antioxidative potential of aqueous Broccoli extract in Wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-626
Author(s):  
Dharmender Sharma ◽  
Gurinder Kaur Sangha
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The present investigation was carried out to assess the antioxidative potential of Broccoli sprouts aqueous extract (BE) against triazophos (TZ) induced oxidative stress (OS) in brain and spleen. In the experimental setup, six groups of rats were formed; Control (group 1), BE (group 2), TZ (group 3), and also BE+TZ groups such as BE1 (group 4), BE2 (group 5) and BE3 (group 6) groups. Rats were orally intubated for 30 days as per experimental design. After sacrifice, OS biomarkers viz; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were determined in brain and spleen. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was observed in plasma and brain samples. Histological study of the spleen in TZ rats showed increased thickness of capsule, congestion and hypocellularity in follicles of spleen’s white pulp and the histoarchitecture was restored in TZ+BE group rats. TZ caused degenerative changes in brain histology and rats showed mild congestion along with haemorrhage in the cerebral cortex. Results suggest that TZ exposure is associated with neural toxicity along with altered spleen stress biomarkers, which further corroborates with histopathological findings. It is inferred that BE exerts multi-mechanistic protective effects against TZ induced neuro-splenic toxicity which is attributable to its protective antioxidant actions.

The Inhibitory Ability of Orobanche Extract on Calcium Oxalate Lithiasis in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Kamal ◽  
M. S. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

The present study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Orobanche extract in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis. Thirty male albino rats were divided into five groups each group contains 6 animals, group (1) control group, group (2) animals were supplied with 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water, group (3) animals were administrated Orobanche extract 3g/kg orally, group (4) animals were administrated Cystone 500 mg/kg in addition to 0.75% ethylene glycol, group (5) animals were administrated Orobanche extract 3g/kg orally in addition to 0.75% ethylene glycol the experiment continued for 28 days. Serum and the kidney homogenates were analyzed for various biochemical parameters and urine was examined microscopically for crystals. Orobanche treatment group and Cystone treatment group significantly decreased phosphorus, Calcium and Oxalate in kidney tissue of nephrolithiasis rats and significantly decreased kidney and liver marker in serum of nephrolithiasis rats. Conclusion this result revealed that Orobanche extract could be a potential candidate for phytotherapy against nephrolithiasis.

scholarly journals Effect of a Decellularized Omentum Scaffold with Combination of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Healing of Critical-Sized Bone Defect: A Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10900
Author(s):  
Abdulsamet Emet ◽  
Erdi Ozdemir ◽  
Duygu Uckan Cetinkaya ◽  
Emine Kilic ◽  
Ramin Hashemihesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Critical Bone Defects

The high costs and extensive time needed for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects are still major clinical concerns in orthopedic surgery; therefore, researchers continue to look for more cost and time-effective methods. This study aims to investigate the effects of a decellularized omentum scaffold with a combination of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells on the healing of critical-sized bone defects. Wistar albino rats (n = 30) were investigated in five groups. Critical-sized bone defects were formed on bilateral radius shafts. No scaffold, decellularized omentum, omentum with PRP and omentum + mesenchymal stem cells was used in group 1 (control group), 2, 3 and 4, respectively. In addition, omentum with a combination of mesenchymal stem cells +PRP was used in group 5. After 6 weeks, both radiological and histological healing were evaluated comparatively among the groups. After the use of a decellularized omentum scaffold, vitality of new cells was maintained, and new bone formation occurred. When compared to the control group, radiological healing was significantly better (p = 0.047) in the omentum and omentum + PRP-treated groups. Furthermore, histological healing was better in the omentum and omentum + PRP-treated groups than the control group (p = 0.001). The use of a decellularized omentum scaffold is suitable in the healing of critical bone defects.

scholarly journals The Effects of Pomegranate and Carvacrol on Methotrexate-Induced Bone Marrow Toxicity in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velat Şen ◽  
Mehtap Bozkurt ◽  
Sevda Söker ◽  
Aydın Ece ◽  
Ali Güneş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Bone Marrow Toxicity ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Bone Marrow Damage ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pomegranate (PMG) extract and carvacrol (CARV) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced oxidative stress and bone marrow toxicity. Methods: Wistar albino rats (32 rats) were divided into four groups (n=8): Group 1 was control; Group 2 was given a single intraperitoneal injection of methotrexate (20 mg/kg); Group 3 was treated with carvacrol (73 mg/kg i.p.) one day before MTX (20 mg/kg i.p.) injection; and, Group 4 received a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg i.p) while PMG was administered orally for seven days at 225 mg/kg. After animals were euthanized, blood samples were taken to evaluate hematological parameters and oxidative stress. In addition, the femur was cropped and bone marrow was extracted for examination. Results: White blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count were found to be decreased in the MTX group, but these changes were prevented in the groups that received CARV and PMG. Furthermore, decreased bone marrow cellularity was found in the groups treated with MTX, whereas the PMG and CARV groups had cellularity similar to controls. Strikingly, oxidative stress increased in the MTX group, but was ultimately decreased in the rats that received the antioxidants PMG and CARV. Conclusion: Carvacrol and PMG were found to be protective against methotrexate-induced oxidative bone marrow damage. Use of these antioxidants, in combination with chemotherapeutics, may help to reduce some adverse effects of methotrexate.

scholarly journals The Effect of Oral Intake of Sodium Benzoate on the Activity of Liver Marker Enzymes and Electrolyte Level of the Wistar Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Efekemo, Oghenetekevwe ◽  
Essien, Eka Bassey ◽  
Akaninwor, Joyce Oronne
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Marker Enzyme ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Liver Marker Enzymes ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The in vivo effect of oral administration of varying concentrations (150, 250, 500 mg/kg body wt) of sodium benzoate (a known preservative in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry) on serum liver marker enzyme activity and electrolyte levels of wistar albino rats were investigated. The oral intake was administered at 24 hour intervals for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The groups were labeled; control (group 1), 7days (group 2), 14days (group 3), 21 days (group 4) and 28days (group 5). The rats were fed normal diet ad libitum and blood sample for the determination was taken at the end of the duration. For serum electrolytes, the result obtained for sodium benzoate concentrations administered showed significant (p≤0.05) increase in sodium (Na+) for groups 3, 4 and 5 for 150 mg/kg body wt. and group 2, 3, 4 and 5 for 250 mg/kg body wt and 500mg/kg body wt. of experimental rats. Chloride (Cl-) showed significant (p≤0.05) increase at all administered groups for 250 mg/kg and 500mg/kg. Potassium (K+) was only significantly increased at group 5 for 500mg/kg body wt. while for bicarbonate (HCO3) it showed no significant change in all treated groups. Values were all compared to the control. For liver marker enzymes, sodium benzoate significantly increased (p≤0.05) aspartate transaminase (AST) activity of experimental rats in groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 of 250 mg/kg body wt. and 500mg/kg body wt., alanine transaminase (ALT) showed significant increase (p≤0.05)  in group 4 and 5 for 250 mg/kg body wt and group 2, 3, 4 and 5 for 500 mg/kg body wt., alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed significant (p≤0.05) increase in group 2, 3, 4 and 5 for 500 mg/kg body wt.These findings suggest possible changes in blood chemistry due to the preservative.

scholarly journals Doxorubicin Toxicity can be Ameliorated during Antioxidant L-Carnitine Supplementation

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Othman A. Alshabanah ◽  
Mohamed M. Hafez ◽  
Mohamed M. Al-Harbi ◽  
Zeinab K. Hassan ◽  
Salim S. Al Rejaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
High Cumulative Dose ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Doxorubicin is an antibiotic broadly used in treatment of different types of solid tumors. The present study investigates whether L-carnitine, antioxidant agent, can reduce the hepatic damage induced by doxorubicin. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: group 1 was intraperitoneal injected with normal saline for 10 consecutive days; group 2, 3 and 4 were injected every other day with doxorubicin (3 mg/kg, i.p.), to obtain treatments with cumulative doses of 6, 12 and 18 mg/kg. The fifth group was injected with L-carnitine (200 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 consecutive days and the sixth group was received doxorubicin (18 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (200 mg/kg). High cumulative dose of doxorubicin (18 mg/kg) significantly increases the biochemical levels of alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), total nitrate/nitrite (NOx) p < 0.05 and decrease in glutathione (GSH ), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHP x), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) activity p < 0.05. The effect of doxorubicin on the activity of antioxidant genes was confirmed by real time PCR in which the expression levels of these genes in liver tissue were significantly decrease compared to control p < 0.05. Interestingly, L-carnitine supplementation completely reversed the biochemical and gene expression levels induced by doxorubicin to the control values. In conclusion, data from this study suggest that the reduction of antioxidant defense during doxorubicin administration resulted in hepatic injury could be prevented by L-carnitine supplementation by decreasing the oxidative stress and preserving both the activity and gene expression level of antioxidant enzymes.

Effects of erdosteine on cyclosporin-A-induced nephrotoxicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tutanc ◽  
V Arica ◽  
N Yılmaz ◽  
A Nacar ◽  
I Zararsiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim: In cyclosporin-A (CsA)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective role of erdosteine against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopy in rats. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into four groups. Group 1 rats treated with sodium chloride served as the control, group 2 rats were treated with CsA, group 3 with CsA plus erdosteine, and group 4 with erdosteine alone. Animals were killed and blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) levels. Kidney sections were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as for histopathological changes. Results: In the CsA group, MDA, GSH-Px, BUN, and Cr levels were increased. The TP and ALB levels were decreased. These changes had been improved by erdosteine administration. Other biochemical parameters did not show any significant change. Conclusion: These results indicate that erdosteine produces a protective mechanism against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and suggest a role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of medical treatment in overcoming the ureteral double-J stent related symptoms

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Kuyumcuoglu ◽  
Bilal Eryildirim ◽  
Murat Tuncer ◽  
Gokhan Faydaci ◽  
Fatih Tarhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Double J Stent ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Stone Treatment ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Background: We investigated whether the frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) increased in patients in whom double-J stents were applied. We also evaluated several medical therapy protocols to treat symptoms related with ureteral stents.Materials and Methods: A total of 108 patients, in whom unilateral double-j stent was applied during ureteral stone treatment, were included. Before the double-J stent was applied, all patients completed storage components of the “International Prostate Symptom Score” (IPSSs), quality of life components of the IPSS (IPSS-QOL) and “Overactive Bladder Questionnaire” (OABq) forms and scores were calculated. After the procedure, cases were randomized into 5 groups, an antiinflammatory was given to Group 1, spasmolytic to Group 2, anticholinergic to Group 3 and α-blocker to Group 4. No additional drug was given to Group 5 as this control group. During the fourth week of the procedure, IPSSs, IPSS-QOL and OABq forms were again completed and scores were compared with the previous ones.Results: When all the cases were evaluated, the IPSSs, IPSS-QOLand OABq scores of patients in whom the double-J stent was applied were statistically significantly higher the procedure. Compared to the control group, the cases where the double-J stent was applied showed a higher IPSSs, IPSS-QOL and OABq scores and none of the medical therapies could prevent this increase.Interpretation: The frequency of LUTS increased in cases where the ureteral stent was applied and discomfort continued as long as the stent stayed in the body.

scholarly journals Zingerone Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julietpoornamathy J ◽  
Parameswari C.S.
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Group 1

In medical sciences, toxicity is an area wherein extensive studies have been carried to improve the diseases as well as to prevent. So, there is a high requirement for novel and improved alternative therapeutic strategies to manage diseases. The liver is the largest gland in the body, which executes several important mechanisms; it stores minerals and vitamins and releases them in periods of need. The main aim of this study was to give a closer insight into potent non- toxic compounds that is capable of modifying the responses. Animals were divided into five equal groups viz control (Group 1), administered with food and water ad libitum, (Group 2) administered with olive oil, (Group 3) administered with zingerone, (Group 4) administered with concanavalin A, (Group 5) administered with cyclosporine A followed by zingerone. Our results revealed significant changes in liver marker enzymes and liver histology of zingerone treated rats when compared to control rats.  A corollary, zingerone has no toxic effect on hepatocytes and was found to be safe at a dose of 10mg/kg b wt and also ameliorates hepatotoxicity.

Bond Integrity of Titanium Surface to Resin Cement After Conditioning with Different Photobiomodulataion Therapy (PBT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 970-975
Author(s):  
Khold Al Ahdal ◽  
Laila Al Deeb ◽  
Mohammed S. Bin-Shuwaish ◽  
Rana S. Al-Hamdan ◽  
Modhi Al Deeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of interfacial bonding between resin cement and titanium alloy conditioned with different Photobiomodulataion Therapy (PBT) in comparison with conventional regimes. Seventy-five samples of titanium bar were segmented polished; and based on conditioning regime divided into five groups (15 each specimens). Group 1: No treatment (control), Group 2: Sand blasting with 120 µm Al2O3, Group 3: Er,Cr:YSGG (ECL), Group 4: Er:YAG laser (EYL), Group 5: Nd:YAG laser (NYL). After different conditioning regimes, resin cement was mixed and applied. All specimens were thermocycled for 500 cycles and positioned on universal testing machine for shear bond strength testing. Modes of failure was assessed by a single examiner using stereomicroscope at 40× magnification. Three pairs of specimens in each group were sputter coated and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were taken at 1000× magnification using 20 Kv. The highest SBS values were observed in group 2 (14.25±2.29 MPa) and the lowest bond values were displayed in group 1 (6.98 ±0.59 MPa). Titanium alloy abutments conditioned with different laser prototypes ECL (11.22±1.40 MPa), EYL (9.29±1.22 MPa) and NYL (9.12 ±1.84 MPa) exhibited comparable SBS (p > 0.05). Adhesive failures were primarily dominant among all experimental groups. Photo-biomodulation in the form of ECL lasers has the potential to be used as a supplement to sandblasting procedure in conditioning of cement retained titanium alloy implant abutments.

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