scholarly journals Scientific Substantiation of Introduction of Systems of Small-Intensive Irrigation Under Conditions of Mineral Farming in Azerbaijan

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 467-474
Author(s):  
RAE. Z.H. Aliyev
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Universal Application

The study of the world experience and the results of long-term experiments with drip irrigation systems in the Republic in various climatic and soil conditions shows that the creation of irrigation systems of this type is effective and economically profitable when irrigation of various perennial plantations, vegetable, tilled crops, ornamental plantations, nurseries etc. Drip irrigation has almost universal application, in particular, it is applicable where other methods of irrigation can not be used or ineffective: With a complex relief and a large slope of the site (up to 45 degrees or more); In areas with prolonged droughts and constant strong winds; For local water sources with a relatively limited amount of water; On soils with low power and very low or high hygroscopicity; On soils prone to salinity; When used for irrigation of water with a high content of water-soluble salts, etc.

scholarly journals Application of Alternative Fumigants Through Drip Irrigation Systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Ajwa ◽  
T. Trout ◽  
J. Mueller ◽  
S. Wilhelm ◽  
S. D. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Worker Exposure ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Optimum Application

Strawberry fields in California (9,500 ha annually) are pre-plant fumigated with methyl bromide and chloropicrin to prevent serious soil pest and disease problems. Although soil fumigation with methyl bromide has ensured stability of strawberry production, its use is being discontinued because of its effect on stratospheric ozone. The likely short-term alternatives such as 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and metham sodium, although not ozone depleters, are potentially hazardous to the environment and humans if applied improperly. Water-soluble formulations of alternative fumigants can be applied through drip irrigation systems established to irrigate crops. In comparison to conventional shank methods of injection, application of soluble formulations through drip irrigation systems would be economical and environmentally friendly, reduce worker exposure, and allow for simultaneous or sequential application of a combination of fumigants. This paper discusses techniques developed to apply alternative fumigants through drip irrigation systems, and reviews ongoing studies to determine optimum application rates, soil conditions, plastic mulches, and amount of irrigation water used to apply these alternative fumigants.

Salt Composition of Clay Soils and Its Variation with Long-term Water Filtration in Republic of Kalmykia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. DORDZHIEV ◽  
Anatoly G. DORDZHIEV ◽  
Mergen M. SANGADZHIEV ◽  
Leonid M. RUBEKO ◽  
Victor A. ONKAEV
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Salt Composition ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Republic

Knowledge of soils types in a certain area allows to predict the stability of the system. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to determine the salt composition of clayey soils and its variation with long-term water filtration, for example, the Republic of Kalmykia. For a detailed study of the topic, the authors carried out various experiments that were based on physico-chemical analyzes of samples and monoliths selected from different regions of Kalmykia. For this, water-soluble salts found in clay soils were considered. Basically, these are three groups: readily soluble, mildly soluble and hardly soluble. Chemical analyzes of chloride, sulphate and carbonate salts of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium were conducted on the basis of the Kalmyk State University. Separately attention was paid to the ion-exchange process and, in particular, to the transition from the solid phase to the pore solution. In connection with the strong mineralization of groundwater in the republic, the monoliths are mineralized to 10-20 g / l and in terms of chemical composition, chloride-sodium and sulfate-chloride. Calcium carbonates and gypsum are considered separately depending on the depth of the monolith. On the basis of the experiments carried out, plots of the dependence were plotted in different mineral constituents. It has been established that in gypsum and gypsum-bearing rocks the correlation coefficients for loam and sandy loam are low. The desalinization factor is more than 50%, and the desalinization is uneven in all monoliths taken from different depths. In sandy loam these parameters are lower by 20%. Separately, the parameters of exchange of mineral, disperse composition and the presence of organic substances are considered. The results will allow engineers, designers, practitioners and students to use the results in their daily work.

Soil moisture distribution under trickle irrigation: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpna Bajpai ◽  
Arun Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Soil Moisture Distribution

Abstract The wetting pattern of soil under trickle (drip) irrigation is governed by soil texture, structure, initial water content, emitter spacing, discharge rate and irrigation frequency. For efficient management of trickle irrigation moisture distribution plays an important role. The degree of soil wetted volume in an irrigation system determines the amount of water required to wet the root zone. This article helps in understanding moisture distribution for different lateral spacing, emitter spacing, emitter discharge rates and drip line installation depth for trickle irrigation under various soil conditions all over the world. This review reveals that soil moisture distribution and uniformity within the soil profile were affected by the distance between emitters rather than the distance between drip lines. In drip irrigation systems, the less the dripper spacing, the greater the moisture distribution as well as water use efficiency and crop yield. The radial spread of moisture was greater at lower water application rates, whereas the vertical spread was greater at higher water application rates. The vertical movement of soil moisture was greater than the horizontal movement under surface as well as subsurface drip irrigation systems. Deeper drip tape installations had a potential risk of not providing moisture to shallow rooted crops.

scholarly journals Problems of water lifting machine systems control in the republic of Uzbekistan with new innovation technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 05037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustam Ergashev ◽  
Fotima Artikbekova ◽  
Gulnora Jumabayeva ◽  
Farouddin Uljayev
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Volumetric Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Pumping Equipment

The article presents the results of the study of the main categories of losses for the elements of irrigation systems, shows the experience of using pumping equipment on irrigation systems, discussed methods for increasing the volumetric efficiency, improving the hydraulic conditions for supplying flow to the impeller and reducing cavitation. The purpose of the research is the scientific substantiation of the usage of samples of modern pumps, in modern water-lifting systems in the context of import substitution programs with innovation technology. The results of the study of the main categories by irrigation system elements are presented, the experience of pumping equipment use on irrigation systems is described, the methods for increasing the volumetric efficiency, for improving the hydraulic conditions for supplying the flow to the impeller and reducing the cavitation wear are examined in the article. The complex solution of such problems as the increasing the efficiency of the pumping equipment was proposed, which allowed to increase the actual performance factor of the given pump from 83 to 88 %, compared to the factory data.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MECHANICALLY TREATED ARGLABIN AND ITS MECHANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON ARABINOGALACTAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Anatol'yevna Neverova ◽  
Anara Nikhanbaevna Zhabaeva ◽  
Aleksey Aleksandrovich Levchuk ◽  
Vasiliy Anatol'yevich Babkin ◽  
Almas Rashidovich Beisenbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Molecular Dispersion ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Republic

Over the past decades, researchers have increasingly turned to natural compounds and preparations created on their basis. Biologically active terpenoids, in particular, natural sesquiterpene lactones, are of great interest. One of the rich sources of these compounds is a plant of the genus Artemisia, whose representative is wormwood Artemisia glabella Kar et Kir., Growing on the territory of Central Kazakhstan. In the study of the chemical composition of wormwood, a new biologically active compound, sesquiterpenic lactone arglabin, with antitumor and radiosensitizing properties has been isolated. The antitumor drug "Arglabin" is used in oncological clinics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, Uzbekistan, the Republic of Georgia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the complex therapy of tumors of the breast, lung, liver, etc. The purpose of this work is to study the physicochemical properties of mechanically treated arglabin and its mixture with a larch water–soluble polysaccharide arabinogalactan, obtained by mechanochemical means. According to IR, UV and NMR 13С spectroscopy, long–term mechanochemical treatment does not lead to a change in the chemical composition of arglabin molecules. All the spectra obtained are identical to the spectra of the initial (not mechanically treated) arglabin. Using X–ray analysis, it was shown that in the mechanocomposites of arglabin with arabinogalactan there is no disordering of the crystal structure of arglabin and its molecular dispersion in the polysaccharide matrix does not occur.

Identification and Management of Clustered Pellitory (Parietaria praetermissa) in Citrus Groves

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Ramdas Kanissery ◽  
Biwek Gairhe ◽  
Brent Sellers ◽  
Steve Futch
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Spray Pattern ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Heavy Infestation

In Florida, clustered pellitory is becoming a troublesome weed for citrus, especially from the winter through early summer. Inadequate management of this weed can result in its heavy infestation in tree rows and can interrupt the spray pattern of low-volume drip irrigation systems. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department will assist Florida citrus growers with proper identification of clustered pellitory and with adoption of adequate and timely strategies to manage this weed in their groves. Written by Ramdas Kanissery, Biwek Gairhe, Brent Sellers, and Steve Futch. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1341

Sinn Féin and the IRA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Sinn Fein ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Irish Republicanism ◽  
The Republic ◽  
British State ◽  
State Responses

When Sinn Féin and the IRA emerged in Northern Ireland in 1969 they used a combination of revolutionary politics and violence to an effort to overthrow British rule. Today, the IRA is in a state of ‘retirement’, violence is a tactic of the past, and Sinn Féin is a co-ruler of Northern Ireland and an ever growing political player in the Republic of Ireland. This is one of the most startling transformations of a radical violent movement into a peaceful political one in recent times. So what exactly changed within Irish republicanism, what remains the same, and, crucially, what caused these changes? Where existing studies explain the decision to end violence as the product of stalemate or strategic interplay with the British state, this book draws on a wealth of archival material and interviews to argue that moderation was a long-term process of increasing inclusion and contact with political institutions, which gradually extracted moderate concessions from republicanism. Crucially, these concessions did not necessitate republicans forsaking their long-term ethno-national goals. The book also considers the wider implications of Irish republicanism for other cases of separatist conflict, and has significance for the future study of state responses to violent separatism and of comparative peace processes.

Удобрение перца сладкого

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
A.M. Menshikh ◽  
V.S. Sosnov ◽  
G.F. Monakhos
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Показано действие минеральных удобрений, микрокристаллического комплексного водорастворимого удобрения «Мастер» и органоминерального наноудобрения с ростостимулирующей активностью «Арксойл» при капельном орошении на урожайность и качество сладкого перца нового гибрида F1 Темп. Сочетание основного удобрения с листовой и корневой подкормками позволяет получить до 65 т/га плодов перца высокого качества.The action of mineral fertilizers, microcrystalline complex water soluble fertilizer Master and organic mineral nano-fertilizer with growth-stimulating activity Arksoil under drip irrigation on the productivity and quality of sweet pepper of the new hybrid F1 Temp is shown. The combination of basic fertilizer with leaf and root fertilizing allows to obtain up to 65 t/ha of pepper fruits of high quality.

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