Effect of fertilization on the growth rate  of aboveground part of Jerusalem artichoke

The research was based on the field experiment conducted in 2013–2015 at the Experimental Station of the University of Life Sciences, in Parczew (51°38'24"N, 22°54'02"E), on podzolic soil. The experiment was established using the split-split-plot method in three replications. The factors of the first order were three cultivars: ‘Albik’, ‘Rubik’ and ‘Violet de Rennes’. The second order factor was mineral fertilization (N0P0K0 – as standard object and P43, K124, N100, P43K124, N50P43K124, N100P43K124, N150P43K124), calculated as the elemental form of fertilizers. As the basic fertilization, bovine manure was used in the amount of 30 t·ha–1. The aim of the research was to develop the basis for managing the fertilization of Jerusalem artichoke, which will allow to obtain the maximum increase of aboveground part of this species. It was found that for the rate of plant growth, the most optimal fertilization was manure and mineral fertilization in the amount of 100 kg of N·ha–1 in the nitrate-ammonium form. The phosphorus-potassium fertilization, despite the use of manure, significantly reduced the growth of plants in comparison with the standard object.

Download Full-text

The effect of foliar fertilization on darkening of tuber flesh of selected potato cultivars

Agronomy Science ◽

10.24326/as.2019.4.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 61-71

Author(s):

BERNADETTA BIENIA ◽

BARBARA SAWICKA ◽

BARBARA KROCHMAL-MARCZAK

Keyword(s):

Genetic Factor ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Apical Part ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Foliar Fertilization ◽

First Order ◽

Tuber Flesh ◽

Standard Object ◽

Varied Response ◽

Order Factor

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of foliar fertilizers with the content of macro- and microelements used in the form of chelates on darkening of the tuber flesh of selected potato cultivars. The research was based on a 3-year (2013‒2015) field experiment carried out in Haczów (49°40'N, 21°54'E) on brown, slightly acidic soil. The experiment was based on the method of randomized sub-blocks, where the first order factor was foliar fertilization: Fortis Zn Mn + Fortis Aminotop (A), Fortis B Mo + Ferti Agro (B), Fortis Zn Mn + Fortis B Mo (C) and a standard object without foliar fertilization (0). Second-order factor included four edible potato cultivars of all earliness classes (‘Viviana’, ‘Vineta’, ‘Agnes’, ‘Jelly’). Significant differences in tuber darkening due to foliar application were observed only for tubers 24 h after cooking. The application of Fortis B Mo + Ferti Agro and Fortis Duotop Zn Mn + Fortis Aminotop fertilizers reduced the darkening of the apical part tuber to the greatest extent. Genetic factor differentiated the most the value of all examined traits. The cultivars tested showed varied response to foliar fertilizers.

Download Full-text

Foliar fertilization in shaping the potato yield in the conditions of south-eastern Poland

Agronomy Science ◽

10.24326/as.2019.3.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 133-152

Author(s):

BARBARA HELENA SAWICKA ◽

ALI HULAIL NOAEMA

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Potato Yield ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Economic Traits ◽

Foliar Fertilization ◽

First Order ◽

South Eastern ◽

Standard Object ◽

Order Factor ◽

Commercial Yield

The study aimed at determining the effect of macro- and microelements contained in foliar fertilizers on potato productivity of tubers. The field experiment was conducted in 2015–2017 in Uhnin using the random blocks method. The first order factor were 2 cultivars of potatoes, the second order factor were 3 foliar fertilization technologies and standard object − without foliar spraying. Mineral fertilizers were constant. Foliar fertilizers were used in accordance with the recommendation of the producers. Foliar fertilizing has contributed to a significant increase in total and commercial yield. The cultivars determined the majority of potato's economic traits.

Download Full-text

Influence of cultivation technology on the color of raw potato tubers

Agronomy Science ◽

10.24326/as.2019.4.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 95-114

Author(s):

PIOTR PSZCZÓŁKOWSKI ◽

BARBARA SAWICKA ◽

BARBARA KROCHMAL-MARCZAK

Keyword(s):

Control Object ◽

Color Measurement ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Effective Microorganisms ◽

Potato Blight ◽

First Order ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Order Factor ◽

Cultivar Assessment

Results of the research were based on a field experiment carried out in 2014‒2016 at the Experimental Station of Cultivar Assessment in Uhnin (51°34'N, 23°02'E), on podzolic slightly acidic soil. The experiment was carried out using random sub-blocks, in a dependent split-plot system, in triplicate. The first-order factor was potato cultivars (‘Vineta’ and ‘Satina’), and the second-order factor consisted of six cultivation technologies: A − using fungicides to control potato blight, technologies: B, C, D, E − with the application of effective microorganisms, and technology F − without the use of fungicides and effective microorganisms as a control object. The scope of the research included assessing the color of the raw tubers pulp. To determine the color of raw potato, the method of trichromatic colorimetry was used applying the Konica Minolta CM-5 spectrophotometer. The color measurement of raw tubers was carried out in the CIEL*a*b* system. Cultivation technology with fungicide application significantly contributed to the brightness change of the raw tuber flesh compared to the technology (D), where for the treatment, as in the growing season, effective microorganisms were used. Genetic properties of cultivars determined the color brightness, as well as its trichromatic coordinates.

Download Full-text

Challenging the Multidimensional Conception of Perceived Person-Environment Fit

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000622 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Julian M. Etzel ◽

Gabriel Nagy

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

University Students ◽

Educational Outcomes ◽

Factor Model ◽

Higher Order ◽

Substantial Proportion ◽

Unique Variance ◽

First Order ◽

Person Environment Fit ◽

Order Factor

Abstract. In the current study, we examined the viability of a multidimensional conception of perceived person-environment (P-E) fit in higher education. We introduce an optimized 12-item measure that distinguishes between four content dimensions of perceived P-E fit: interest-contents (I-C) fit, needs-supplies (N-S) fit, demands-abilities (D-A) fit, and values-culture (V-C) fit. The central aim of our study was to examine whether the relationships between different P-E fit dimensions and educational outcomes can be accounted for by a higher-order factor that captures the shared features of the four fit dimensions. Relying on a large sample of university students in Germany, we found that students distinguish between the proposed fit dimensions. The respective first-order factors shared a substantial proportion of variance and conformed to a higher-order factor model. Using a newly developed factor extension procedure, we found that the relationships between the first-order factors and most outcomes were not fully accounted for by the higher-order factor. Rather, with the exception of V-C fit, all specific P-E fit factors that represent the first-order factors’ unique variance showed reliable and theoretically plausible relationships with different outcomes. These findings support the viability of a multidimensional conceptualization of P-E fit and the validity of our adapted instrument.

Download Full-text

Mathematical Creativity in Adults: Its Measurement and Its Relation to Intelligence, Mathematical Competence and General Creativity

Journal of Intelligence ◽

10.3390/jintelligence9010010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Michaela A. Meier ◽

Julia A. Burgstaller ◽

Mathias Benedek ◽

Stephan E. Vogel ◽

Roland H. Grabner

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Mathematical Creativity ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Mathematical Competence ◽

First Order ◽

The Past ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Order Factor ◽

General Creativity ◽

Creativity Measure

Mathematical creativity is perceived as an increasingly important aspect of everyday life and, consequently, research has increased over the past decade. However, mathematical creativity has mainly been investigated in children and adolescents so far. Therefore, the first goal of the current study was to develop a mathematical creativity measure for adults (MathCrea) and to evaluate its reliability and construct validity in a sample of 100 adults. The second goal was to investigate how mathematical creativity is related to intelligence, mathematical competence, and general creativity. The MathCrea showed good reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the data fitted the assumed theoretical model, in which fluency, flexibility, and originality constitute first order factors and mathematical creativity a second order factor. Even though intelligence, mathematical competence, and general creativity were positively related to mathematical creativity, only numerical intelligence and general creativity predicted unique variance of mathematical creativity. Additional analyses separating quantitative and qualitative aspects of mathematical creativity revealed differential relationships to intelligence components and general creativity. This exploratory study provides first evidence that intelligence and general creativity are important predictors for mathematical creativity in adults, whereas mathematical competence seems to be not as important for mathematical creativity in adults as in children.

Download Full-text

Interpretation of Electron Transfer Spectra of Iridium (IV) and Osmium(IV) Mixed Chloro-Bromo Complexes

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A ◽

10.1515/zna-1967-0614 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 945-954 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chr. Klixbüll Jørgensen ◽

W. Preetz

Keyword(s):

Electron Transfer ◽

Faraday Effect ◽

Spin Orbit Coupling ◽

Spin Orbit ◽

University Of Virginia ◽

First Order ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Moderate Difference ◽

The University ◽

As If

The previous M.O. treatment of unsubstituted hexahalides has been modified, taking the results on Faraday effect obtained at the University of Virginia into account. The absorption spectra previously measured of the complexes (M=Os, Ir) trans-MCl4Br2— and trans-MCl2 Br4— are interpreted by a M.O. treatment for the symmetry D4h as electron transfer transitions, including a first-order relativistic (spin-orbit coupling) correction. The concept of holohedrized symmetry is sufficiently valid to allow a description of MCl5Br— and MClBr5— as if they were tetragonal with centre of inversion and ƒac-(or cis-)MCl3Br3— as if they were cubic. It is shown that the ligand-ligand antibonding effects have the same order of magnitude as the moderate difference in optical electronegativity between Cl- and Br-.

Download Full-text

Underlying Common Factors of Adolescent Problem Behaviors

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854802029002003 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 161-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Lening Zhang ◽

John W. Welte ◽

William F. Wieczorek

Keyword(s):

Problem Behaviors ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Factor Model ◽

Common Factor ◽

Measurement Model ◽

First Order ◽

Adolescent Problem Behaviors ◽

The Common ◽

Order Factor ◽

Second Order Factor Analysis

The Buffalo Longitudinal Study of Young Men was used to address the possibility of a common factor underlying adolescent problem behaviors. First, a measurement model with a single first-order factor was compared to a model with three separate correlated first-order factors. The three-factor model was better supported, making it logical to conduct a second-order factor analysis, which confirmed the logic. Second, a substantive model was estimated in each of two waves with psychopathic state as the common factor predicting drinking, drug use, and delinquency. Psychopathic state was stable across waves. The theory that a single latent variable accounts for large covariance among adolescent problem behaviors was supported.

Download Full-text

Can We Compare Solidarity Across Europe? What, Why, When, and How to Assess Exact and Approximate Equivalence of First- and Second-Order Factor Models

Frontiers in Political Science ◽

10.3389/fpos.2021.641698 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Vera Lomazzi

Keyword(s):

Factor Model ◽

Second Order ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Alignment Method ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Political Values ◽

First Order ◽

Measurement Models ◽

European Values ◽

Order Factor

Although measurement invariance is widely considered a precondition for meaningful cross-sectional comparisons, substantive studies have often neglected evaluating this assumption, thereby risking drawing conclusions and making theoretical generalizations based on misleading results. This study offers a theoretical overview of the key issues concerning the measurement and the comparison of socio-political values and aims to answer the questions of what must be evaluated, why, when, and how to assess measurement equivalence. This paper discusses the implications of formative and reflective approaches to the measurement of socio-political values and introduces challenges in their comparison across different countries. From this perspective, exact and approximate approaches to equivalence are described as well as their empirical translation in statistical techniques, such as the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) and the frequentist alignment method. To illustrate the application of these methods, the study investigates the construct of solidarity as measured by European Values Study (EVS) and using data collected in 34 countries in the last wave of the EVS (2017–2020). The concept is captured through a battery of nine items reflecting three dimensions of solidarity: social, local, and global. Two measurement models are hypothesized: a first-order factor model, in which the three independent dimensions of solidarity are correlated, and a second-order factor model, in which solidarity is conceived according to a hierarchical principle, and the construct of solidarity is reflected in the three sub-factors. In testing the equivalence of the first-order factor model, the results of the MGCFA indicated that metric invariance was achieved. The alignment method supported approximate equivalence only when the model was reduced to two factors, excluding global solidarity. The second-order factor model fit the data of only seven countries, in which this model could be used to study solidarity as a second-order concept. However, the comparison across countries resulted not appropriate at any level of invariance. Finally, the implications of these results for further substantive research are discussed.

Download Full-text

Examining the Impostor-Profile—Is There a General Impostor Characteristic?

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Fabio Ibrahim ◽

Johann-Christoph Münscher ◽

Philipp Yorck Herzberg

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Factor Model ◽

Second Order ◽

Model Fit ◽

Impostor Phenomenon ◽

General Factor ◽

Order Model ◽

First Order ◽

Order Factor ◽

Best Fit

The Impostor-Profile (IPP) is a six-dimensional questionnaire measuring the Impostor Phenomenon facets. This study aims to test (a) the appropriateness of a total score, (b) measurement invariance (MI) between gender, (c) the reliability of the IPP, and (d) the convergent validity of the IPP subscales. The sample consisted of N = 482 individuals (64% female). To identify whether the scales of the IPP form a total score, we compared four models: (1) six correlating subscales, (2) a general factor model, (3) a second-order model with one second-order factor and six first-order factors, and (4) a bifactorial model with six group factors. The bifactorial model obtained the best fit. This supports the assumption of a total impostor score. The inspection of structural validity between gender subgroups showed configural, metric, and partial scalar MI. Factor mean comparisons supported the assumption that females and males differ in latent means of the Impostor Phenomenon expressions. The omega coefficients showed sufficient reliability (≥0.71), except for the subscale Need for Sympathy. Overall, the findings of the bifactor model fit and construct validity support the assumption that the measurement through total expression is meaningful in addition to the theoretically formulated multidimensionality of the Impostor Phenomenon.

Download Full-text

The effects of fertilization on the protein related properties of winter wheat

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/52/2102 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 67-69

Author(s):

Mariann Móré ◽

Zita Burján ◽

Zoltán Győri ◽

Péter Sipos

Keyword(s):

Field Trials ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Plant Production ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Gluten Content ◽

Protein Properties ◽

Set Up ◽

The University ◽

Gluten Index

The yield and quality of wheat are mainly determined by the plant production system, thus we studied the effect of mineral fertilization. The field trials were set up in 1983 at the Látókép Research Institute of the University of Debrecen. We examined effect of different Nfertilizer doses (60 kg ha-1 N/P/K, 120 kg ha-1 N/P/K) on Lupus, Mv Toldi and GK Csillag's protein properties in 2012. During the tests, three quality parameters were determined: wet gluten content (%), wet gluten spread (mm/h) and gluten index (%). In the experiment the effect of different doses of N-fertilizers significantly influenced by the wet gluten content and gluten index of Lupus.

Download Full-text